摘要:
Interleaver/deinterleaver apparatuses for combining/separating optical channels are described. An interleaver/deinterleaver apparatus is described as folded when an optical signal is directed through a single crystal multiple times. Double-pass refers to the optical signal following a (folded) path through the apparatus twice. When operating as an deinterleaver, the interleaver/deinterleaver separates an optical signal (e.g., WDM signal) into subsets of optical signals (e.g., channels). In one embodiment, deinterleaving optical signals separates an optical signal into even and odd International Telecommunications Union (ITU) channels. When operating as an interleaver, the interleaver/deinterleaver mixes subsets of optical signals (e.g., channels) into a multiplexed (e.g., WDM) optical signal. The interleaver/deinterleaver apparatus can be used to increase the bandwidth of an optical network. For example, the interleaver/deinterleaver can be used to interface components designed for a first channel spacing (e.g., 100 GHz) to components designed for a second channel spacing (e.g., 200 GHz). In one embodiment, interleaveing combines even and odd ITU channels into a single optical signal.
摘要:
An interleaver and a deinterleaver for filtering optical signals are described. The interleaver separates subsets of channels. The deinterleavers mix subsets of channels. Interleavers and deinterleavers can be used to increase the bandwidth of an optical network. The interleavers and deinterleavers can be used to interface components designed for a first channel spacing to components designed for a second channel spacing.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a vertical cavity, surface-emitting laser. The method includes growing a distributed Bragg reflector having at least 10 layers of alternating composition on a gallium arsenide substrate. The growth surface of the substrate is tilted by an angle of 1.degree.-7.degree. from the orientation of a (100) surface toward the orientation of a (111)A surface. This results in improved reflectivity of the DBR.
摘要:
A semiconductor multiple quantum well mesa structure, for use as the optically active element in an optical logic or an optically controlled optical switching device, has its side surfaces implanted with surface recombination centers, whereby the optical switching speed is increased.
摘要:
A thermally stable small optical package is disclosed housing optically aligned elements forming an optical component. The elements are all directly soldered to a base member or directly soldered to a supporting member soldered to a common base member. The sealed container has a supporting base member of stainless steel and a first optical fiber mount is directly soldered to the supporting base. A first optical fiber is directly soldered to the upper end of the first optical fiber mount. A similar arrangement is provided wherein a second optical fiber mount is directly soldered to the base and a second optical fiber is directly soldered to the upper end of the second optical fiber mount. A frequency doubling crystal is directly soldered to the stainless steel base member after being aligned with the two optical fibers. This design is inexpensive to manufacture and provides a thermally stable component.
摘要:
The invention relates to optical modules for use in larger electro-optic components, such as erbium doped fiber amplifiers. One aspect of the invention relates to the optical module including input and/or output fiber tube ferrules surrounded by glass mounting sleeves secured to a metal housing using a suitable adhesive. Preferably, the optical module includes one or more optical elements, such as isolators, WDM filters and beam splitters, for effecting light traveling therethrough before entering or exiting a main housing of the electro-optic component. Another aspect of the invention relates to the electro-optic component including the main housing with gaps in the outer wall thereof for receiving the optical modules. Preferably, the optical component includes an electro-optical system including lasers, erbium doped fiber, an integrated circuit board and controller hardware. The present invention provides a fully integrated system, while eliminating the vast majority of optical splicing required in conventional electro-optical components.
摘要:
A method and device is disclosed for dispersion compensation of an optical signal having periodic dispersion within a multi-channels system. For example interleaved optical channels often exhibit dispersion having a characteristic that is repeated in adjacent channels. By providing a periodic device that allows for polarization dependent routing of an interleaved signal to allow for multiple passes of said signal through a multi-cavity GT etalon, having a free-spectral range that corresponds to the channel spacing, the dispersion in the interleaved signal can be lessened and practically obviated or balanced to a desired level. This invention provides a device and method to achieve that end.
摘要:
Interleavers are a useful tool in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) to separate a signal with closely spaced channels into two signals, e.g. odd and even ITU channels, each with twice the channel spacing. Alternatively, two signals with a large channel spacing can be combined into a single beam with half the channel spacing. The invention relates to an optical interferometer using rhomb prisms as resonant cavities, which, when properly designed, provide the necessary phase shifts for interleaving or de-interleaving sets of optical wavelength channels. The present invention utilizes the differential phase shift between orthogonally polarized components induced by total internal reflection (TIR) off the surfaces of the rhomb prisms. Dispersion reducing techniques are also disclosed, including multiple rhomb interleavers and multi-pass rhomb interleavers.
摘要:
Conventional retroreflection mirrors in the form of right angle prisms are quite sensitive to beam position and beam angle errors. Manufacturing and assembly tolerances are also a cause of concern in conventional devices. Accordingly, the present invention solves these aforementioned problems by providing a retroreflection device comprising: a beam director, preferably in the form of a Wollaston prism; a polarization rotator, preferably in the form of a quarter wave plate; and a flat reflective surface, such as a plane mirror. The device of the present invention is far less sensitive to beam angle alignment and is completely independent of the beam position. The present invention is particularly useful as a beam splitter for directing orthogonally polarized beams of light back along parallel paths in an interleaver apparatus.
摘要:
An electrically pumped vertical cavity laser depends upon reflection as between an unaided DBR reflector on one side of the cavity and a metal-supplemented DBR reflector on the other. Placement of the shorter supplemented DBR on the p-conductivity type side of the cavity reduces the resistance of the electrical series pump path. Permitted use of an active region of a thickness of 1 .mu.m or less in the lasing direction results in low lasing threshold. The structural approach is of significance for laser integration in integrated circuits, whether electro-optic or all-optic.