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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08968865B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-03
申请号：US13171323
申请日：2011-06-28
申请人： Marcus A. Worsley , Theodore F. Baumann , Joe H. Satcher , Tammy Y. Olson , Joshua D. Kuntz , Klint A. Rose
发明人： Marcus A. Worsley , Theodore F. Baumann , Joe H. Satcher , Tammy Y. Olson , Joshua D. Kuntz , Klint A. Rose
CPC分类号： C25D13/02 , C25D1/006 , C25D13/22 , C25D15/00 , Y10T428/249921 , Y10T428/249961 , Y10T428/249999 , Y10T428/254
摘要： In one embodiment, an aerogel includes a layer of shaped particles having a particle packing density gradient in a thickness direction of the layer, wherein the shaped particles are characterized by being formed in an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process using an impurity. In another embodiment, a method for forming a functionally graded porous nanostructure includes adding particles of an impurity and a solution to an EPD chamber, applying a voltage difference across the two electrodes of the EPD chamber to create an electric field in the EPD chamber, and depositing the material onto surfaces of the particles of the impurity to form shaped particles of the material. Other functionally graded materials and methods are described according to more embodiments.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施方案中，气凝胶包括在层的厚度方向上具有颗粒填充密度梯度的成形颗粒层，其中成型颗粒的特征在于使用杂质在电泳沉积（EPD）方法中形成。 在另一个实施方案中，用于形成功能梯度的多孔纳米结构的方法包括将杂质颗粒和溶液添加到EPD室中，在EPD室的两个电极之间施加电压差以在EPD室中产生电场，以及 将材料沉积在杂质颗粒的表面上以形成材料的成形颗粒。 根据更多实施例描述了其它功能梯度材料和方法。
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2.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20130036930A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-14
申请号：US13570085
申请日：2012-08-08
IPC分类号： F42B3/12 , B32B3/02 , B32B5/00 , C06B45/18 , C25D13/04 , C25D13/18 , B32B3/10 , F23Q13/00 , B32B9/04 , B32B3/26
CPC分类号： C25D13/22 , C06B21/0083 , C25D13/12 , C25D13/18 , F42C19/0803
摘要： A product includes: a part including at least one component characterized as an energetic material, where the at least one component is at least partially characterized by physical characteristics of being deposited by an electrophoretic deposition process. A method includes: providing a plurality of particles of an energetic material suspended in a dispersion liquid to an EPD chamber or configuration; applying a voltage difference across a first pair of electrodes to generate a first electric field in the EPD chamber; and depositing at least some of the particles of the energetic material on at least one surface of a substrate, the substrate being one of the electrodes or being coupled to one of the electrodes.
摘要翻译： 一种产品包括：包含至少一种以能量材料为特征的组分的部分，其中所述至少一种组分至少部分地表征为通过电泳沉积工艺沉积的物理特性。 一种方法包括：将悬浮在分散液体中的高能材料的多个颗粒提供给EPD室或构型; 在第一对电极上施加电压差以在EPD腔室中产生第一电场; 以及在所述基底的至少一个表面上沉积所述能量材料的至少一些颗粒，所述基底是所述电极中的一个或者耦合到所述电极之一。
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3.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20120269218A1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-25
申请号：US13453933
申请日：2012-04-23
CPC分类号： C25D13/02 , C25D5/10 , H01S3/0612 , H01S3/1685 , Y10T428/12021 , Y10T428/12458 , Y10T428/24926
摘要： In one embodiment, a method for electrophoretic deposition of a three-dimensionally patterned green body includes suspending a first material in a gelling agent above a patterned electrode of an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) chamber, and gelling the suspension while applying a first electric field to the suspension to cause desired patterning of the first material in a resulting gelation. In another embodiment, a ceramic, metal, or cermet includes a plurality of layers, wherein each layer includes a gradient in composition, microstructure, and/or density in an x-y plane oriented parallel to a plane of deposition of the plurality of layers along a predetermined distance in a z-direction perpendicular to the plane of deposition.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，三维图案化的生坯的电泳沉积方法包括将第一材料悬浮在电泳沉积（EPD）室的图案化电极之上的胶凝剂中，并在施加第一电场的同时胶凝悬浮液 所述悬浮液在所得凝胶化中引起所述第一材料的所需图案化。 在另一个实施方案中，陶瓷，金属或金属陶瓷包括多个层，其中每个层包括在平行于沿着多个层的沉积平面定向的xy平面中的组成，微观结构和/或密度的梯度 在垂直于沉积平面的z方向上的预定距离。
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公开(公告)号：US20120034442A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-09
申请号：US13204277
申请日：2011-08-05
申请人： Peter J. PAUZAUSKIE , Marcus A. Worsley , Theodore F. Baumann , Joe H. Satcher, JR. , Juergen Biener
发明人： Peter J. PAUZAUSKIE , Marcus A. Worsley , Theodore F. Baumann , Joe H. Satcher, JR. , Juergen Biener
CPC分类号： C01B31/0446 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/00 , C01B32/184 , C01B32/194 , C01B32/336 , C01P2006/12 , Y10S977/734 , Y10S977/842 , Y10T428/268 , Y10T428/30
摘要： Graphene aerogels with high conductivity and surface areas including a method for making a graphene aerogel, including the following steps: (1) preparing a reaction mixture comprising a graphene oxide suspension and at least one catalyst; (2) curing the reaction mixture to produce a wet gel; (3) drying the wet gel to produce a dry gel; and (4) pyrolyzing the dry gel to produce a graphene aerogel. Applications include electrical energy storage including batteries and supercapacitors.
摘要翻译： 具有高导电性和表面积的石墨烯气凝胶，包括制备石墨烯气凝胶的方法，包括以下步骤：（1）制备包含石墨烯氧化物悬浮液和至少一种催化剂的反应混合物; （2）固化反应混合物以产生湿凝胶; （3）干燥湿凝胶以产生干凝胶; 和（4）热解干凝胶以产生石墨烯气凝胶。 应用包括电能储存，包括电池和超级电容器。
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5.发明申请EXTREME SYNTHESIS OF CRYSTALLINE AEROGEL MATERIALS FROM AMORPHOUS AEROGEL PRECURSORS 审中-公开来自无机空气前驱体的结晶气体材料的极限合成公开(公告)号：US20110129614A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-02
申请号：US12958224
申请日：2010-12-01
CPC分类号： C09K11/65 , C01B13/322 , C01B33/1585 , C01P2002/02 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2002/84 , C01P2004/03 , C01P2004/04 , C01P2006/10 , C01P2006/12 , C09C1/44
摘要： In one embodiment, a system includes a pressure cell adapted for enclosing a porous structure; an inert pressure medium within the pressure cell; and a heat source for heating the porous structure. In another embodiment, a composition of matter includes a crystalline porous structure having a density of about 30 to about 50 mg/cm3. A method according to one embodiment includes positioning an amorphous porous structure in a pressure cell; injecting an inert pressure medium within the pressure cell; and pressurizing the pressure cell to a pressure that thermodynamically favors a crystalline phase of the porous structure over an amorphous phase of the porous structure to transition the amorphous porous structure into a crystalline porous structure. Additional embodiments are also presented.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，系统包括适于封闭多孔结构的压力池; 压力池内的惰性压力介质; 以及用于加热多孔结构的热源。 在另一个实施方案中，物质组合物包括密度为约30至约50mg / cm 3的结晶多孔结构。 根据一个实施方案的方法包括将无定形多孔结构定位在压力池中; 在压力池内注入惰性压力介质; 并且将所述压力室加压至在所述多孔结构的非晶相上热力学有利于所述多孔结构的结晶相的压力，以使所述无定形多孔结构转变为结晶多孔结构。 还提供了另外的实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US20120077006A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-29
申请号：US13051915
申请日：2011-03-18
CPC分类号： B01J35/004 , B01J21/06 , B01J21/063 , B01J21/18 , B01J21/185 , B01J23/06 , B01J23/34 , B01J23/70 , B01J27/22 , B01J27/224 , B01J33/00 , B01J35/04 , B01J37/084 , B82Y30/00 , C02F1/4691 , C04B35/532 , C04B35/624 , C04B35/62655 , C04B35/83 , C04B41/009 , C04B41/4537 , C04B41/87 , C04B2235/3232 , C04B2235/3418 , C04B2235/3826 , C04B2235/3856 , C04B2235/3886 , C04B2235/3895 , C04B2235/441 , C04B2235/46 , C04B2235/5288 , C04B2235/606 , C04B2235/616 , C04B2235/652 , C04B2235/77 , C04B2235/80 , H01G11/32 , H01G11/36 , H01G11/46 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/48 , H01M4/58 , Y02E60/13 , Y10T428/249957 , Y10T428/249967 , Y10T428/2918 , Y10T428/2982 , Y10T428/2993 , C04B35/52 , C04B38/00 , C04B41/457 , C04B41/5041 , C04B41/455 , C04B41/5061 , C04B41/5068 , C04B41/4556 , C04B41/5035 , C04B41/5059
摘要： A metal oxide-carbon composite includes a carbon aerogel with an oxide overcoat. The metal oxide-carbon composite is made by providing a carbon aerogel, immersing the carbon aerogel in a metal oxide sol under a vacuum, raising the carbon aerogel with the metal oxide sol to atmospheric pressure, curing the carbon aerogel with the metal oxide sol at room temperature, and drying the carbon aerogel with the metal oxide sol to produce the metal oxide-carbon composite. The step of providing a carbon aerogel can provide an activated carbon aerogel or provide a carbon aerogel with carbon nanotubes that make the carbon aerogel mechanically robust. Carbon aerogels can be coated with sol-gel silica and the silica can be converted to silicon carbide, improving the thermal stability of the carbon aerogel.
摘要翻译： 金属氧化物 - 碳复合材料包括具有氧化物外涂层的碳气凝胶。 金属氧化物 - 碳复合材料通过提供碳气凝胶制成，将碳气凝胶在真空下浸入金属氧化物溶胶中，将金属氧化物溶胶的碳气凝胶升高至大气压，用金属氧化物溶胶固化碳气凝胶 室温下，用金属氧化物溶胶干燥碳气凝胶，制成金属氧化物 - 碳复合材料。 提供碳气凝胶的步骤可以提供活性炭气凝胶或提供碳气凝胶与碳纳米管，使碳气凝胶机械坚固。 碳气凝胶可以用溶胶 - 凝胶二氧化硅涂覆，二氧化硅可以转化为碳化硅，提高碳气凝胶的热稳定性。
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20120052511A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-01
申请号：US13180440
申请日：2011-07-11
申请人： Marcus A. Worsley , Theodore F. Baumann , Joe H. Satcher, JR. , Tammy Y. Olson , Joshua D. Kuntz , Klint A. Rose
发明人： Marcus A. Worsley , Theodore F. Baumann , Joe H. Satcher, JR. , Tammy Y. Olson , Joshua D. Kuntz , Klint A. Rose
CPC分类号： H01B1/08 , B01J13/0091 , Y10T428/249953 , Y10T428/249986
摘要： In one embodiment, an aerogel or xerogel includes column structures of a material having minor pores therein and major pores devoid of the material positioned between the column structures, where longitudinal axes of the major pores are substantially parallel to one another. In another embodiment, a method includes heating a sol including aerogel or xerogel precursor materials to cause gelation thereof to form an aerogel or xerogel and exposing the heated sol to an electric field, wherein the electric field causes orientation of a microstructure of the sol during gelation, which is retained by the aerogel or xerogel. In one approach, an aerogel has elongated pores extending between a material arranged in column structures having structural characteristics of being formed from a sol exposed to an electric field that causes orientation of a microstructure of the sol during gelation which is retained by the elongated pores of the aerogel.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施方案中，气凝胶或干凝胶包括其中具有小孔的材料的柱结构，以及没有位于柱结构之间的材料的主要孔，其中主孔的纵轴基本上彼此平行。 在另一个实施方案中，一种方法包括加热包括气凝胶或干凝胶前体材料的溶胶，使其凝胶形成气凝胶或干凝胶，并将加热的溶胶暴露于电场，其中电场引起凝胶化过程中溶胶微结构的取向 ，由气凝胶或干凝胶保留。 在一种方法中，气凝胶具有延伸的细孔，所述孔在布置在柱结构中的材料之间延伸，所述材料具有由暴露于电场的溶胶形成的结构特征，所述溶胶引起凝胶化期间溶胶的微结构的取向， 气凝胶
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8.发明申请PYROPHORIC METAL-CARBON FOAM COMPOSITES AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME 有权PORROPHORIC金属碳泡沫复合材料及其制备方法公开(公告)号：US20100139823A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-10
申请号：US12329437
申请日：2008-12-05
申请人： Alexander E. Gash , Joe H. Satcher, JR. , Randall L. Simpson , Theodore F. Baumann , Marcus A. Worsley
发明人： Alexander E. Gash , Joe H. Satcher, JR. , Randall L. Simpson , Theodore F. Baumann , Marcus A. Worsley
IPC分类号： C06B45/04
摘要： A method for creating a pyrophoric material according to one embodiment includes thermally activating a carbon foam for creating micropores therein; contacting the activated carbon foam with a liquid solution comprising a metal salt for depositing metal ions in the carbon foam; and reducing the metal ions in the foam to metal particles. A pyrophoric material in yet another embodiment includes a pyrophoric metal-carbon foam composite comprising a carbon foam having micropores and mesopores and a surface area of greater than or equal to about 2000 m2/g, and metal particles in the pores of the carbon foam. Additional methods and materials are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 根据一个实施例的用于产生自燃材料的方法包括热活化碳泡沫以在其中产生微孔; 使活性炭泡沫与包含用于在碳泡沫中沉积金属离子的金属盐的液体溶液接触; 并将泡沫中的金属离子还原成金属颗粒。 在另一个实施方案中的自燃材料包括自发金属 - 碳泡沫复合材料，其包含具有微孔和介孔的碳泡沫，并且表面积大于或等于约2000m 2 / g，以及碳泡沫的孔中的金属颗粒。 还公开了附加的方法和材料。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09852824B2
公开(公告)日：2017-12-26
申请号：US13180440
申请日：2011-07-11
申请人： Marcus A. Worsley , Theodore F. Baumann , Joe H. Satcher, Jr. , Tammy Y. Olson , Joshua D. Kuntz , Klint A. Rose
发明人： Marcus A. Worsley , Theodore F. Baumann , Joe H. Satcher, Jr. , Tammy Y. Olson , Joshua D. Kuntz , Klint A. Rose
CPC分类号： H01B1/08 , B01J13/0091 , Y10T428/249953 , Y10T428/249986
摘要： In one embodiment, an aerogel or xerogel includes column structures of a material having minor pores therein and major pores devoid of the material positioned between the column structures, where longitudinal axes of the major pores are substantially parallel to one another. In another embodiment, a method includes heating a sol including aerogel or xerogel precursor materials to cause gelation thereof to form an aerogel or xerogel and exposing the heated sol to an electric field, wherein the electric field causes orientation of a microstructure of the sol during gelation, which is retained by the aerogel or xerogel. In one approach, an aerogel has elongated pores extending between a material arranged in column structures having structural characteristics of being formed from a sol exposed to an electric field that causes orientation of a microstructure of the sol during gelation which is retained by the elongated pores of the aerogel.
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10.发明授权Mechanically robust, electrically conductive ultralow-density carbon nanotube-based aerogels 有权机械稳健的导电超低密度碳纳米管基气凝胶公开(公告)号：US08685287B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-01
申请号：US12652616
申请日：2010-01-05
CPC分类号： H01G11/56 , B82Y15/00 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/00 , C01B32/168 , H01B1/24 , H01G11/26 , H01G11/36 , H01G11/38 , H01M4/583 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/752 , Y10S977/948 , Y10S977/953 , Y10S977/962
摘要： A method of making a mechanically robust, electrically conductive ultralow-density carbon nanotube-based aerogel, including the steps of dispersing nanotubes in an aqueous media or other media to form a suspension, adding reactants and catalyst to the suspension to create a reaction mixture, curing the reaction mixture to form a wet gel, drying the wet gel to produce a dry gel, and pyrolyzing the dry gel to produce the mechanically robust, electrically conductive ultralow-density carbon nanotube-based aerogel. The aerogel is mechanically robust, electrically conductive, and ultralow-density, and is made of a porous carbon material having 5 to 95% by weight carbon nanotubes and 5 to 95% carbon binder.
摘要翻译： 一种制造机械坚固，导电的超低密度碳纳米管基气凝胶的方法，包括以下步骤：将纳米管分散在水性介质或其它介质中以形成悬浮液，向反应混合物中加入反应物和催化剂以产生反应混合物， 固化反应混合物以形成湿凝胶，干燥湿凝胶以产生干凝胶，并热解干凝胶以产生机械坚固，导电的超低密度碳纳米管基气凝胶。 气凝胶机械坚固，导电和超低密度，并由具有5至95重量％碳纳米管和5至95％碳粘合剂的多孔碳材料制成。
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