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    Guided wave methods and apparatus for nonlinear frequency generation
    6.
    发明授权
    Guided wave methods and apparatus for nonlinear frequency generation 失效
    用于非线性频率发生的导波方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US6151155A

    公开(公告)日：2000-11-21

    申请号：US124563

    申请日：1998-07-29

    申请人： Charles G. Durfee, III ,  Andrew Rundquist ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Murnane

    发明人： Charles G. Durfee, III ,  Andrew Rundquist ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Murnane

    IPC分类号： G02F1/35 ,  G02F1/365

    CPC分类号： G02F1/365 ,  G02F1/3544

    摘要： Methods and apparatus are disclosed for the nonlinear generation of sum and difference frequencies of electromagnetic radiation propagating in a nonlinear material. A waveguide having a waveguide cavity contains the nonlinear material. Phase matching of the nonlinear generation is obtained by adjusting a waveguide propagation constant, the refractive index of the nonlinear material, or the waveguide mode in which the radiation propagates. Phase matching can be achieved even in isotropic nonlinear materials. A short-wavelength radiation source uses phase-matched nonlinear generation in a waveguide to produce high harmonics of a pulsed laser.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于在非线性材料中传播的电磁辐射的和频差的非线性生成的方法和装置。 具有波导腔的波导包含非线性材料。 通过调整波导传播常数，非线性材料的折射率或辐射传播的波导模式，获得非线性生成的相位匹配。 即使在各向同性非线性材料中也可以实现相位匹配。 短波长辐射源在波导中使用相位匹配的非线性生成来产生脉冲激光器的高次谐波。

    Laser amplifier and method
    7.
    发明授权
    Laser amplifier and method 失效
    激光放大器和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5644424A

    公开(公告)日：1997-07-01

    申请号：US619275

    申请日：1996-03-18

    申请人： Sterling Backus ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Murnane

    发明人： Sterling Backus ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Murnane

    IPC分类号： H01S3/23 ,  H01S3/00

    CPC分类号： H01S3/2325 ,  H01S3/0057

    摘要： Laser amplifiers and methods for amplifying a laser beam are disclosed. A representative embodiment of the amplifier comprises first and second curved mirrors, a gain medium, a third mirror, and a mask. The gain medium is situated between the first and second curved mirrors at the focal point of each curved mirror. The first curved mirror directs and focuses a laser beam to pass through the gain medium to the second curved mirror which reflects and recollimates the laser beam. The gain medium amplifies and shapes the laser beam as the laser beam passes therethough. The third mirror reflects the laser beam, reflected from the second curved mirror, so that the laser beam bypasses the gain medium and return to the first curved mirror, thereby completing a cycle of a ring traversed by the laser beam. The mask defines at least one beam-clipping aperture through which the laser beam passes during a cycle. The gain medium is pumped, preferably using a suitable pumping laser. The laser amplifier can be used to increase the energy of continuous-wave or, especially, pulsed laser beams including pulses of femtosecond duration and relatively high pulse rate.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于放大激光束的激光放大器和方法。 放大器的代表性实施例包括第一和第二曲面镜，增益介质，第三镜和掩模。 增益介质位于每个弯曲镜的焦点处的第一和第二曲面镜之间。 第一曲面镜引导和聚焦激光束以将增益介质传递到第二曲面镜，该反射镜反射并重新校准激光束。 当激光束通过时，增益介质放大并成形激光束。 第三反射镜反射从第二弯曲镜反射的激光束，使得激光束绕过增益介质并返回到第一弯曲镜，从而完成由激光束穿过的环的周期。 掩模限定了至少一个光束剪切孔径，激光束在一个周期期间通过该孔径。 增益介质被泵送，优选地使用合适的泵浦激光器。 激光放大器可用于增加连续波的能量，特别是脉冲激光束，包括飞秒持续时间脉冲和相对较高的脉冲速率。

    Generation of VUV, EUV, and X-ray Light Using VUV-UV-VIS Lasers
    9.
    发明申请
    Generation of VUV, EUV, and X-ray Light Using VUV-UV-VIS Lasers 审中-公开
    使用VUV-UV-VIS激光器生成VUV，EUV和X射线光

    公开(公告)号：US20150063385A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-03-05

    申请号：US14477853

    申请日：2014-09-04

    申请人： Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Dimitar V. Popmintchev ,  Margaret M. Murnane ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

    发明人： Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Dimitar V. Popmintchev ,  Margaret M. Murnane ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

    IPC分类号： H01S3/109 ,  H01S3/104

    CPC分类号： G02F1/353 ,  G02F1/3544 ,  G02F1/355 ,  G02F2001/354

    摘要： A method for extending and enhancing bright coherent high-order harmonic generation into the VUV-EUV-X-ray regions of the spectrum involves a way of accomplishing phase matching or effective phase matching of extreme upconversion of laser light at high conversion efficiency, approaching 10−3 in some spectral regions, and at significantly higher photon energies in a waveguide geometry, in a self-guiding geometry, a gas cell, or a loosely focusing geometry, containing nonlinear medium. The extension and enhancement of the coherent VUV, EUV, X-ray emission to high photon energies relies on using VUV-UV-VIS lasers of shorter wavelength. This leads to enhancement of macroscopic phase matching parameters due to stronger contribution of linear and nonlinear dispersion of both atoms and ions, combined with a strong microscopic single-atom yield.

    摘要翻译： 在光谱的VUV-EUV-X射线区域中扩展和增强亮相干高次谐波的方法涉及到以高转换效率实现激光的极端上变频的相位匹配或有效相位匹配的方法，接近10 -3，并且在波导几何形状中的显着更高的光子能量，包含非线性介质的自引导几何形状，气体单元或松散聚焦几何形状。 将相干VUV，EUV，X射线发射到高光子能量的扩展和增强依赖于使用较短波长的VUV-UV-VIS激光器。 这导致宏观相位匹配参数的增强，原因和原子离子的线性和非线性色散的贡献较强，结合强大的单原子产量。