Abstract:
In a copying machine, an original which has been once exposed to be scanned is inverted and transmitted again to an original table glass, and a sheet having one face onto which an image has been fixed is inverted and then transmitted through a transmitting path to an image forming section, whereby the top and back faces of the original are copied to the top and back faces of the sheet, respectively.
Abstract:
There is disclosed a catalytic composition represented by the formula:(Mo).sub.a (W).sub.b (Bi).sub.c (Pb).sub.d (Sb).sub.e (A).sub.f (B).sub.g (C).sub.h (P).sub.m (O).sub.nin which A is iron and/or chromium, B is cerium and/or magnesium and C is potassium and/or lithium; and a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, m and n stand for the numbers of atoms for molybdenum, tungsten, bismuth, lead, antimony, A, B, C, phosphorus and oxygen elements respectively, wherein, given that a+b=12,0.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.7, 0.4.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.7, 2.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.12,0.1/22.ltoreq.e/a.ltoreq.25/22, 0.05/22.ltoreq.f/a.ltoreq.3/22,0.ltoreq.g/a.ltoreq.2/22, 0.ltoreq.h/a.ltoreq.3/22,0.ltoreq.m/a.ltoreq.7/22, andn is the numbers of oxygen necessary to satisfy the valences of atoms for the individual constituent elements other than oxygen.
Abstract translation:公开了由式(Mo)a(W)b(Bi)c(Pb)d(Sb)e(A)f(B)g(C)h(P)m(O)表示的催化剂组合物, n,其中A是铁和/或铬,B是铈和/或镁,C是钾和/或锂; 和a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,m和n分别代表钼,钨,铋,铅,锑,A,B,C,磷和氧元素的原子数,其中 ,给定a + b = 12,0,b = 7,0.4,c = 7,0,...,12 / = 25 / 22,0.05 / 22 f / a = 3/22,0 g / a = 2/22,0 h / a = 3/22,0 = m / a = 7/22,n是满足氧以外的各个构成元素的原子价数所需的氧数。
Abstract:
Methacrylic acid is manufactured by oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutyric acid in vapor phase in the presence of a supported catalyst containing a heteropolyacid and/or a reduced form of the heteropolyacid. A highly siliceous material having a high water absorbability is used as a carrier for the catalyst to improve the conversion rate and selectivity as well as the catalyst durability.
Abstract:
A process for producing dimethyl ether useful as a propellant by dehydrating methanol and recovering dimethyl ether from the dehydrated product by distillation, which comprises(A) a reaction step wherein the dehydration reaction of methanol is conducted in a vapor phase under pressure of from 2 to 50 kg/cm.sup.2 G in the presence of a solid acid catalyst,(B) a first distillation step wherein the reaction mixture formed by the above reaction step is cooled and introduced into a pressurized distillation column under pressure of at least 5 kg/cm.sup.2 G; refined dimethyl ether is obtained as a side stream; substance having a boiling point lower than that of dimethyl ether is distilled from the top; and the bottom is withdrawn, and(C) a second distillation step wherein said bottom is introduced into a second distillation column under pressure lower than the pressure of the pressurized distillation column; unreacted methanol is recovered as a side stream from the second distillation column; substance having a boiling point lower than that of methanol is distilled from the top; and the bottom is withdrawn, whereby(D) the unreacted methanol recovered from the second distillation step is recycled to the reaction step.
Abstract:
A process for producing a lactone by reacting in a hydrogenation reaction zone a dicarboxylic acid, a dicarboxylic acid anhydride and/or a dicarboxylic acid ester with hydrogen in a liquid phase using a solvent in the presence of a catalyst comprising ruthenium and an organic phosphine, which process comprises the following steps (1) to (6):(1) a first step of recovering the liquid phase from the hydrogenation reaction zone,(2) a second step of distilling the liquid phase in a first distillation column to obtain a first distillate and a first residue,(3) a third step of recycling the first residue to the hydrogenation reaction zone,(4) a fourth step of distilling a part of the first residue in a second distillation column to obtain a second distillate and a second residue,(5) a fifth step of recycling the second distillate to the hydrogenation reaction zone or the first distillation column, and(6) a sixth step of recovering a lactone from the first distillate.
Abstract:
A substitutional solid-solution type crystalline oxide represented by the general formula:[(V.sub.1-x-y-z Fe.sub.x Cr.sub.y Al.sub.z)O].sub.2 P.sub.2 O.sub.7wherein 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.40, 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.40, 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.40, and 0
Abstract translation:由以下通式表示的取代固溶体型结晶氧化物:[(V1-xy-zFexCryAlz)O] 2 P2O7,其中0≤x≤0.40,0≤y≤0.40,0 < 并且具有与(VO)2 P 2 O 7相同的晶体结构和具有特定结晶结构的前体取代的固溶体型结晶氧化物。 前述氧化物作为气相氧化催化剂具有高活性和选择性,特别是从含有四个碳原子的烃生产马来酸酐。
Abstract:
A carboxylic ester is prepared by reacting a hydrocarbon selected from monoolefins having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, benzene, toluene and xylene with an aliphatic saturated carboxylic acid having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and molecular oxygen in the vapor phase in the presence of a supported solid catalyst of palladium metal, an antimony component and a carboxylic acid salt of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, zinc, cadmium, lead or tin, with the improvement comprising: adding said antimony compound to the support of said catalyst by dipping a carrier into an aqueous solution of water-soluble antimony compound selected from the group consisting of antimonic acid, antimonates and antimony complexes of organic acids.
Abstract:
An elastic paving material includes a mixture of 90-50% by weight of fibrous rubber chips each having a length of 3-30 mm and a diameter of 0.3-3 mm, and 10-50% by weight of crushed pieces of golf balls having a particle size of 3-50 mesh. A curable liquid binder is added so as to bond the fibrous rubber chips and the crushed pieces of golf balls. Another elastic paving material includes only pieces of golf balls having a particle size of 3-50 mesh, and a curable liquid binder is added thereto so as to bond the pieces of golf balls. The crushed pieces of golf balls have a color different from that of the fibrous rubber chips, consist of particles having various colors, or are colored in advance.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a process for preparing naphthalene or a derivative thereof, which comprises subjecting a benzene derivative having at least one substituted or non-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group and being capable of forming a naphthalene ring to cyclodehydrogenation in the presence of a zirconia catalyst containing chromium in an oxidized state.
Abstract:
A process for preparing an oxidation catalyst composition comprises mixing at least one crystalline composite oxide, as the first component, selected from the group consisting of (i) a crystalline composite oxide containing vanadium and phosphorus and showing the characteristic X-ray diffraction peaks as identified in the following Table A and (ii) a crystalline composite oxide containing vanadium and phosphorus and showing the characteristic X-ray diffraction peaks as identified in the following Table B, an aqueous solution, as the second component, containing vanadium and phosphorus, and silica sol, as the third component, to form an aqueous slurry, spray-drying the slurry, and calcining the solid particles thereby obtained: TABLE A ______________________________________ X-ray diffraction peaks (Anticathode: Cu--K.sub..alpha.) 2.theta. (.+-.0.2.degree.) ______________________________________ 15.7.degree. 19.6.degree. 24.2.degree. 27.1.degree. 28.8.degree. 30.4.degree. ______________________________________ TABLE B ______________________________________ X-ray diffraction peaks (Anticathode: Cu--K.sub..alpha.) 2.theta. (.+-.0.2.degree.) ______________________________________ 14.2.degree. 15.7.degree. 18.5.degree. 23.0.degree. 28.4.degree. 30.0.degree. 33.7.degree. 36.8.degree. ______________________________________