Abstract:
In an emergency medicine patient, accurate measurement of change or lack thereof from non-shock, non-ischemimc, non-inflammation, non-tissue injury, non-immune dysfunction conditions is important and is provided, as practical, real-time approaches for accurately characterizing a patient's condition, using Raman spectroscopy with a high degree of accuracy, Resonance Raman spectroscopy is used to monitor tissue nitric oxide activity either in vivo or in vitro, especially as a function of its interaction with hemoglobin or other metalloproteins. Measurement times are on the order of seconds. High-accuracy measurement is achieved with Raman spectroscopy interrogation of tissue. Measurements may be non-invasive to minimally invasive. The invention may be used to monitor the effect of instituting therapies using nitric oxide or disease processes that produce nitric oxide.
Abstract:
Provided are elastomeric compositions comprising at least one elastomer and a hydrocarbon polymer additive. Preferably the hydrocarbon polymer additive comprises from 60 to 90% piperylene, from 5 to 15% cyclic components, from 5 to 20% styrenic components, up to 5% isoprene, up to 5% indenic components, and up to 10% amylene. Also provided are elastomeric compositions comprising at least one elastomer and a hydrocarbon polymer additive, wherein the hydrocarbon polymer additive has a molecular weight of from 520 to 650 g/mole and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of from 48 to 53° C. The elastomeric compositions are particularly useful in making tires and other cured rubber articles.
Abstract:
High strength presulfided catalyst for hydrogenating hydrocarbon resins without an in situ sulfiding step. The catalyst particles have a supported metal catalyst structure with presulfided interstitial surfaces with about 20 weight percent of a low molecular weight hydrocarbon resin, based on the weight of the porous supported metal catalyst structure, filling from 90 to 95 percent of the pore volume to improve a crush strength of the catalyst particles. The presulfided catalyst can be stored and/or shipped in an airtight container with an inert atmosphere. The catalyst particles are made by preparing the oxidized catalyst, presulfiding the catalyst, contacting the catalyst with the low molecular weight hydrocarbon resin in an inert atmosphere, sealing the catalyst in a storage/shipping container, loading the reactor with the presulfided, filled catalyst, and contacting the catalyst with an unsaturated hydrocarbon resin under hydrogenation conditions.
Abstract:
Methods of modulating oxygen consumption in tissues are provided. In particular, the methods involve the administration of agents that transiently inhibit protein synthesis. The methods are used to treat ischemia and reperfusion-related injuries by temporarily decreasing oxygen consumption needs, and/or by inhibiting inflammation that results from reperfusion.
Abstract:
High strength presulfided catalyst for hydrogenating hydrocarbon resins without an in situ sulfiding step. The catalyst particles have a supported metal catalyst structure with presulfided interstitial surfaces with about 20 weight percent of a low molecular weight hydrocarbon resin, based on the weight of the porous supported metal catalyst structure, filling from 90 to 95 percent of the pore volume to improve a crush strength of the catalyst particles. The presulfided catalyst can be stored and/or shipped in an airtight container with an inert atmosphere. The catalyst particles are made by preparing the oxidized catalyst, presulfiding the catalyst, contacting the catalyst with the low molecular weight hydrocarbon resin in an inert atmosphere, sealing the catalyst in a storage/shipping container, loading the reactor with the presulfided, filled catalyst, and contacting the catalyst with an unsaturated hydrocarbon resin under hydrogenation conditions.
Abstract:
An elastomeric composition incorporating a hydrocarbon polymer modifier including piperylene, cyclic pentadiene and aromatic components, and having a softening point from 80° C. to 160° C., z-average molecular weight greater than 10,000, and at least 1 mole percent aromatic hydrogen, based on the total moles of hydrogen in the modifier. In a method, the elastomeric composition is processed with a cure package into a composition in the desired shape, which is cured to form the article. The modifier may optionally be immiscible with an elastomer in the composition and/or co-cured with the elastomer or filler in the composition. A tire or tire component may include the elastomeric composition.
Abstract:
A hydrocarbon polymer modifier (HPM) having high softening point and high aromaticity, is an interpolymer of (i) a piperylene component; (ii) an aromatic component; and (iii) a cyclic pentadiene component comprising a dicyclopentadiene fraction (DCPD fraction) and a dimethylcyclopentadiene fraction (MCPD fraction), wherein a weight ratio of the MCPD fraction to the DCPD fraction is from 0.8 to 20, and wherein the MCPD fraction is at least 20 wt % of the cyclic pentadiene component. In a method, the proportions of (i), (ii), (iii), and an optional amylene component are adjusted to control aromaticity, softening point and Mz of the HPM. An elastomeric composition incorporates the HPM.
Abstract:
An elastomeric composition incorporating a hydrocarbon polymer modifier including piperylene, cyclic pentadiene and aromatic components, and having a softening point from 80° C. to 160° C., z-average molecular weight greater than 10,000, and at least 1 mole percent aromatic hydrogen, based on the total moles of hydrogen in the modifier. In a method, the elastomeric composition is processed with a cure package into a composition in the desired shape, which is cured to form the article. The modifier may optionally be immiscible with an elastomer in the composition and/or co-cured with the elastomer or filler in the composition. A tire or tire component may include the elastomeric composition.
Abstract:
A hydrocarbon polymer modifier (HPM) having high softening point and high aromaticity, is an interpolymer of (i) a piperylene component; (ii) an aromatic component; and (iii) a cyclic pentadiene component comprising a dicyclopentadiene fraction (DCPD fraction) and a dimethylcyclopentadiene fraction (MCPD fraction), wherein a weight ratio of the MCPD fraction to the DCPD fraction is from 0.8 to 20, and wherein the MCPD fraction is at least 20 wt % of the cyclic pentadiene component. In a method, the proportions of (i), (ii), (iii), and an optional amylene component are adjusted to control aromaticity, softening point and Mz of the HPM. An elastomeric composition incorporates the HPM.