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公开(公告)号：US4424274A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-03
申请号：US375465
申请日：1982-05-06
CPC分类号： C12P7/48 , Y10S435/818
摘要： The present invention relates to a microbiological process for the production of citric acid by assimilation of .alpha.-olefins, normal paraffins and their mixture. This process is carried out by culturing the microorganisms selected from the group of Candida tropicalis, Candida lipolytica, Candida intermedia and Canida brumptii and their mutants and their variants under higher concentration of dissolved oxygen than that in ordinary aeration in the culture medium. The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the culture medium is suitable in the range of from 5 to 40 ppm, preferably from 10 to 30 ppm on the weight basis of said culture medium in this invention. There is many means of which increase the dissolved oxygen in the culture medium. For example, in case of supplying a mixture of oxygen and air in the culture medium, the mixing ratio is suitable to from 2 parts to 25 parts of oxygen per 10 parts of air, preferably from 4 parts to 17 parts of oxygen per 10 parts of air by volume under normal temperature and pressure. It is important that the period maintaining the high concentration of dissolved oxygen in said culture medium should be immediately after the logarithmic growth phase of cultivation. Consequently, the productivity of citric acid is remarkably improved at high yield of more than 150 g/l in said fermentation process. .alpha.-olefins of C.sub.8-40, normal paraffins of C.sub.8-20 and their mixture are used as carbon source in this invention.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过α-烯烃，正链烷烃及其混合物的同化生产柠檬酸的微生物方法。 该方法通过在培养基中培养选自热带念珠菌，解脂假丝酵母，中间假丝酵母和挥发油加拿大的微生物及其突变体及其变体在较高浓度的溶解氧下进行。 培养基中溶解氧的浓度在本发明的培养基的重量基础上适合为5〜40ppm，优选10〜30ppm的范围。 有许多方法可以增加培养基中的溶解氧。 例如，在培养基中供给氧气和空气的混合物的情况下，混合比例适合于每10份空气中2份至25份氧气，优选每10份氧气4份至17份 在正常温度和压力下的体积。 保持培养基中高浓度溶解氧的时间应该在培养对数生长阶段之后立即进行。 因此，在所述发酵过程中，柠檬酸的产率显着提高，高产量高于150g / l。 C8-40的α-烯烃，C8-20的正构链烷烃及其混合物用作本发明的碳源。
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公开(公告)号：US4180626A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-25
申请号：US865397
申请日：1977-12-29
申请人： Takeo Nagata , Seisuke Satoh , Takao Matsumoto
发明人： Takeo Nagata , Seisuke Satoh , Takao Matsumoto
CPC分类号： C12P7/48 , Y10S435/924
摘要： The present invention relates to a microbiological process for the production of citric acid by assimilation of olefins. Normal olefins of C.sub.8-40 produced from thermal cracking of petroleum wax or from polymerization of ethylene are suitable as carbon source for this fermentation process. Said process is carried out by culturing the microorganism selected from the group of Candida tropicalis, Candida intermedia and Candida brumptii, their mutants and their variants in the culture medium containing acid olefins. Citric acid is accumulated in said medium in the process of the culture.The most suitable strain utilized in the present invention is Candida tropicalis, their mutants and their variants.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过烯烃同化生产柠檬酸的微生物方法。 由石油蜡的热裂解或乙烯聚合产生的C8-40的正烯烃适合作为该发酵工艺的碳源。 所述方法通过在含有酸性烯烃的培养基中培养选自热带假丝酵母，中间假念珠菌和布氏念珠菌的微生物，它们的突变体及其变体进行。 在培养过程中，柠檬酸积累在所述培养基中。 本发明中最适用的菌株是热带念珠菌，其突变体及其变体。
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公开(公告)号：US20080124933A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-29
申请号：US11945547
申请日：2007-11-27
IPC分类号： H01L21/8242 , H01L21/311
CPC分类号： H01L21/823456 , H01L21/823468 , H01L27/1057 , H01L27/10805 , H01L27/10873 , H01L27/11507
摘要： A method for fabricating an electron device on a substrate includes the steps of forming a dummy film over the substrate such that the dummy film covers a device region of the substrate and an outer region of the substrate outside the device region, forming a dummy pattern by patterning the dummy film such that the dummy patter has a first height in the device region and a second height smaller than the first height in the outer region, forming another film over the substrate such that the film covers the dummy pattern in the device region and in the outer region with a shape conformal to a cross-sectional shape of the dummy pattern, and applying an anisotropic etching process acting generally perpendicularly to the substrate such that a surface of the substrate is exposed in the device region and in the outer region.
摘要翻译： 一种在基板上制造电子器件的方法，包括以下步骤：在衬底上形成虚设膜，使得虚设膜覆盖衬底的器件区域和器件区域外的衬底的外部区域，通过 图案化虚拟膜，使得虚拟图案在器件区域中具有第一高度，并且第二高度小于外部区域中的第一高度，在衬底上形成另一膜，使得膜覆盖器件区域中的虚设图案，并且 在外部区域具有与虚设图形的横截面形状一致的形状，以及施加大致垂直于基板的各向异性蚀刻工艺，使得基板的表面暴露在器件区域和外部区域中。
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公开(公告)号：US06863968B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-08
申请号：US10207126
申请日：2002-07-30
申请人： Takeo Nagata , Jun Nagashima
发明人： Takeo Nagata , Jun Nagashima
CPC分类号： F16D69/02 , F16D69/026 , F16D2200/0065 , Y10T428/249924 , Y10T428/24994 , Y10T428/249945 , Y10T428/2933
摘要： A non-asbestos-based friction material for brakes, clutches or the like for automobiles, large-size trucks, railway cars and various industrial machines. The friction material has excellent friction and rust preventive characteristics, and attacks the plane it faces to a limited extent. The non-asbestos-based friction material is produced by forming and then curing the non-asbestos-based friction material composition comprising a fibrous base, binder and filler as the major ingredients. The composition contains at least one type of steel fibers selected from the group consisting of iron, special dead soft steel and dead soft steel, containing carbon (C) at 0.13% or less at specific contents, in the fibrous base at 1 to 50% by volume of the whole friction material.
摘要翻译： 用于汽车，大型卡车，铁路车辆和各种工业机器的用于制动器，离合器等的非石棉基摩擦材料。 该摩擦材料具有优良的摩擦和防锈特性，并在有限的程度上对其进行攻击。 非石棉类摩擦材料通过以包含纤维基材，粘合剂和填料为主要成分的非石棉基摩擦材料组合物形成然后固化而制得。 该组合物含有选自铁，特殊死软钢和死软钢中的至少一种类型的钢纤维，其含有在特定含量为0.13％以下的碳（C），纤维基质中为1〜50％ 以体积计的整个摩擦材料。
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公开(公告)号：US06596789B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-22
申请号：US09383235
申请日：1999-08-26
IPC分类号： C08J514
CPC分类号： B29C43/006 , B29L2031/16 , C08L55/04 , C08L61/06 , C08L61/14 , F16D69/026 , C08L2666/24
摘要： A non-asbestos friction material made by molding and curing a composition comprised of a fibrous base, a binder, and a filler has a 100 Hz vibration damping factor (tan &dgr;) at 300° C. minus tan &dgr; at 50° C. value of at least −0.030. The binder may be a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin, a resin mixture of a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin and a rubber-modified phenolic resin, or a resin mixture of two or more rubber-modified phenolic resins. The friction material has an excellent and long-lasting noise performance, and good wear resistance, functional stability, and fade resistance. The rapid curability of the composition enables a short molding cycle.
摘要翻译： 通过模塑和固化由纤维基材，粘合剂和填料组成的组合物制成的非石棉摩擦材料在300℃下具有100Hz的振动阻尼系数（tanδ）。在50℃下减去tanδ值 至少为-0.030。 粘合剂可以是橡胶改性的高邻苯酚树脂，橡胶改性的高酚醛树脂和橡胶改性酚醛树脂的树脂混合物，或两种或更多种橡胶改性酚醛树脂的树脂混合物。 该摩擦材料具有优异且持久的噪音性能，良好的耐磨性，功能稳定性和抗褪色性。 组合物的快速固化性能够实现短的成型周期。
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公开(公告)号：US4321578A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-23
申请号：US81372
申请日：1979-10-03
申请人： Akira Nagasu , Yosimi Yamamoto , Takeo Nagata , Hiroyasu Uchida , Yutaka Sakurai
发明人： Akira Nagasu , Yosimi Yamamoto , Takeo Nagata , Hiroyasu Uchida , Yutaka Sakurai
CPC分类号： G01L19/0645 , G01L13/025 , G01L19/0038
摘要： A pressure transducer is arranged to mount a semiconductor pressure sensor in a housing such that the pressure of a high-pressure fluid is applied to one side of the semiconductor pressure sensor through a high pressure seal diaphragm and a sealed liquid in the high pressure side, while the pressure of a low-pressure fluid is applied to the other side of the sensor through a low-pressure seal diaphragm and a sealed liquid in the low pressure side, and a protecting member is provided closer to the low-pressure seal diaphragm.
摘要翻译： 压力传感器布置成将半导体压力传感器安装在壳体中，使得高压流体的压力通过高压侧的高压密封膜片和密封液体施加到半导体压力传感器的一侧， 同时低压流体的压力通过低压侧的低压密封隔膜和密封液体施加到传感器的另一侧，并且靠近低压密封隔膜设置保护构件。
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7.发明授权Fabrication process of a semiconductor device to form ultrafine patterns smaller than resolution limit of exposure apparatus 有权半导体器件的制造工艺形成比曝光装置的分辨率极限小的超细图案公开(公告)号：US07968466B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-28
申请号：US11945547
申请日：2007-11-27
IPC分类号： H01L21/311
CPC分类号： H01L21/823456 , H01L21/823468 , H01L27/1057 , H01L27/10805 , H01L27/10873 , H01L27/11507
摘要： A method for fabricating an electron device on a substrate includes the steps of forming a dummy film over the substrate such that the dummy film covers a device region of the substrate and an outer region of the substrate outside the device region, forming a dummy pattern by patterning the dummy film such that the dummy pattern has a first height in the device region and a second height smaller than the first height in the outer region, forming another film over the substrate such that the film covers the dummy pattern in the device region and in the outer region with a shape conformal to a cross-sectional shape of the dummy pattern, and applying an anisotropic etching process acting generally perpendicularly to the substrate such that a surface of the substrate is exposed in the device region and in the outer region.
摘要翻译： 一种在基板上制造电子器件的方法，包括以下步骤：在衬底上形成虚设膜，使得虚设膜覆盖衬底的器件区域和器件区域外的衬底的外部区域，通过 图案化虚拟膜，使得虚设图案在器件区域中具有第一高度，并且第二高度小于外部区域中的第一高度，在衬底上形成另一膜，使得膜覆盖器件区域中的虚设图案，并且 在外部区域具有与虚设图形的横截面形状一致的形状，以及施加大致垂直于基板的各向异性蚀刻工艺，使得基板的表面暴露在器件区域和外部区域中。
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公开(公告)号：US07612400B2
公开(公告)日：2009-11-03
申请号：US11944847
申请日：2007-11-26
申请人： Teruo Kurahashi , Hideharu Shido , Kenji Ishikawa , Takeo Nagata , Yasuyoshi Mishima , Yukie Sakita
发明人： Teruo Kurahashi , Hideharu Shido , Kenji Ishikawa , Takeo Nagata , Yasuyoshi Mishima , Yukie Sakita
IPC分类号： H01L27/108
CPC分类号： H01L27/2472 , H01L45/04 , H01L45/1233 , H01L45/1253 , H01L45/146 , H01L45/1625
摘要： An MIM device includes a lower electrode of a metal nitride film, a hysteresis film of an oxide film containing Nb formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode of a metal nitride film formed on the hysteresis film.
摘要翻译： MIM器件包括金属氮化物膜的下电极，在下电极上形成含有Nb的氧化物膜的滞后膜和形成在滞后膜上的金属氮化物膜的上电极。
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公开(公告)号：US07255139B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-14
申请号：US11065190
申请日：2005-02-24
申请人： Toshiharu Tochio , Takeo Nagata
发明人： Toshiharu Tochio , Takeo Nagata
IPC分类号： B65B1/04
CPC分类号： B30B15/304 , B30B15/306 , F16D69/04 , F16D2069/0483 , F16D2069/0491
摘要： A powder leveling method and apparatus conducts leveling a thin layer of powder containing fiber to a uniform thickness so as to form friction material having a multi-layered structure. A cavity of predetermined shape having an opening in a flat surface is filled with powder containing fiber so that the powder overflows the opening of the cavity in the flat surface. A cylindrical leveling device is moved in a first direction across the cavity and then in a second direction intersecting with the first direction at a speed greater than the speed with which the leveling device moves in the first direction, so as to trim away the excess powder and make the power in the opening flush with the flat surface.
摘要翻译： 粉末调平方法和装置使含有纤维的粉末的薄层均匀地均匀地均匀地形成具有多层结构的摩擦材料。 在平坦表面中具有开口的预定形状的空腔填充有含有纤维的粉末，使得粉末在平坦表面中溢出空腔的开口。 圆柱形调平装置沿着第一方向穿过空腔移动，然后沿与第一方向交叉的第二方向以大于流动装置在第一方向移动的速度的速度移动，以便将多余的粉末 并使开口的功率与平坦表面齐平。
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公开(公告)号：US20050199036A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-15
申请号：US11065190
申请日：2005-02-24
申请人： Toshiharu Tochio , Takeo Nagata
发明人： Toshiharu Tochio , Takeo Nagata
CPC分类号： B30B15/304 , B30B15/306 , F16D69/04 , F16D2069/0483 , F16D2069/0491
摘要： A powder leveling method and apparatus capable of leveling to a uniform thickness a thin layer of powder containing fiber so as to form friction material having a multi-layered structure. A cavity of predetermined shape having an opening in a flat surface is filled with powder containing fiber so that the powder overflows the opening of the cavity in the flat surface. A cylindrical leveling device is moved in a first direction across the cavity and then in a second direction intersecting to the first direction at a speed greater than the speed with which the leveling device moves in the first direction, so as to trim away the excess powder and make it flush with the flat surface.
摘要翻译： 一种粉末流平方法和装置，其能够使均匀的厚度均匀地涂覆含有纤维的粉末的薄层，以形成具有多层结构的摩擦材料。 在平坦表面中具有开口的预定形状的空腔填充有含有纤维的粉末，使得粉末在平坦表面中溢出空腔的开口。 圆柱形调平装置沿第一方向穿过空腔移动，然后沿与第一方向交叉的第二方向以大于流动装置沿第一方向移动的速度的速度移动，以便将多余的粉末 并使其与平坦表面齐平。
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