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公开(公告)号：US4180626A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-25
申请号：US865397
申请日：1977-12-29
申请人： Takeo Nagata , Seisuke Satoh , Takao Matsumoto
发明人： Takeo Nagata , Seisuke Satoh , Takao Matsumoto
CPC分类号： C12P7/48 , Y10S435/924
摘要： The present invention relates to a microbiological process for the production of citric acid by assimilation of olefins. Normal olefins of C.sub.8-40 produced from thermal cracking of petroleum wax or from polymerization of ethylene are suitable as carbon source for this fermentation process. Said process is carried out by culturing the microorganism selected from the group of Candida tropicalis, Candida intermedia and Candida brumptii, their mutants and their variants in the culture medium containing acid olefins. Citric acid is accumulated in said medium in the process of the culture.The most suitable strain utilized in the present invention is Candida tropicalis, their mutants and their variants.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过烯烃同化生产柠檬酸的微生物方法。 由石油蜡的热裂解或乙烯聚合产生的C8-40的正烯烃适合作为该发酵工艺的碳源。 所述方法通过在含有酸性烯烃的培养基中培养选自热带假丝酵母，中间假念珠菌和布氏念珠菌的微生物，它们的突变体及其变体进行。 在培养过程中，柠檬酸积累在所述培养基中。 本发明中最适用的菌株是热带念珠菌，其突变体及其变体。
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公开(公告)号：US4424274A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-03
申请号：US375465
申请日：1982-05-06
CPC分类号： C12P7/48 , Y10S435/818
摘要： The present invention relates to a microbiological process for the production of citric acid by assimilation of .alpha.-olefins, normal paraffins and their mixture. This process is carried out by culturing the microorganisms selected from the group of Candida tropicalis, Candida lipolytica, Candida intermedia and Canida brumptii and their mutants and their variants under higher concentration of dissolved oxygen than that in ordinary aeration in the culture medium. The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the culture medium is suitable in the range of from 5 to 40 ppm, preferably from 10 to 30 ppm on the weight basis of said culture medium in this invention. There is many means of which increase the dissolved oxygen in the culture medium. For example, in case of supplying a mixture of oxygen and air in the culture medium, the mixing ratio is suitable to from 2 parts to 25 parts of oxygen per 10 parts of air, preferably from 4 parts to 17 parts of oxygen per 10 parts of air by volume under normal temperature and pressure. It is important that the period maintaining the high concentration of dissolved oxygen in said culture medium should be immediately after the logarithmic growth phase of cultivation. Consequently, the productivity of citric acid is remarkably improved at high yield of more than 150 g/l in said fermentation process. .alpha.-olefins of C.sub.8-40, normal paraffins of C.sub.8-20 and their mixture are used as carbon source in this invention.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过α-烯烃，正链烷烃及其混合物的同化生产柠檬酸的微生物方法。 该方法通过在培养基中培养选自热带念珠菌，解脂假丝酵母，中间假丝酵母和挥发油加拿大的微生物及其突变体及其变体在较高浓度的溶解氧下进行。 培养基中溶解氧的浓度在本发明的培养基的重量基础上适合为5〜40ppm，优选10〜30ppm的范围。 有许多方法可以增加培养基中的溶解氧。 例如，在培养基中供给氧气和空气的混合物的情况下，混合比例适合于每10份空气中2份至25份氧气，优选每10份氧气4份至17份 在正常温度和压力下的体积。 保持培养基中高浓度溶解氧的时间应该在培养对数生长阶段之后立即进行。 因此，在所述发酵过程中，柠檬酸的产率显着提高，高产量高于150g / l。 C8-40的α-烯烃，C8-20的正构链烷烃及其混合物用作本发明的碳源。
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3.发明授权Suppressing method of iso-citric acid formation in producing citric acid from hydrocarbons by fermentation 失效通过发酵从碳氢化合物生产柠檬酸中抑制异柠檬酸形成的方法
公开(公告)号：US4411998A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-25
申请号：US359773
申请日：1982-03-19
申请人： Takao Matsumoto , Atsushi Fujimaki , Takeo Nagata
发明人： Takao Matsumoto , Atsushi Fujimaki , Takeo Nagata
IPC分类号： C12P7/48
CPC分类号： C12P7/48 , Y10S435/923 , Y10S435/924
摘要： The present invention relates to a suppressing method of iso-citric acid formation in producing citric acid from hydrocarbons by fermentation.This process is carried out by culturing the microorganisms selected from the group belonging to Candida tropicalis, Candida lipolytica, Candida intermedia and Candida brumptii and their mutants and variants in the culture medium containing paraffinic and olefinic hydrocarbons and their mixture as carbon source under aerobic conditions, wherein specific non-ionic surface active agent is added to said culture medium.The specific non-ionic surface active agent added to said culture medium is selected from the group of sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyoxy-ethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters. The amount of specific surface active agent added to said culture medium is enough from 0.005 to 0.5 percent by weight, preferably from 0.02 to 0.2 percent on the weight basis of said culture medium.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过发酵从烃生产柠檬酸中异柠檬酸形成的抑制方法。 该方法通过在需氧条件下培养选自属于热带假丝酵母，解脂假丝酵母，中间假丝酵母和布氏假丝酵母的组的微生物及其在含有链烷烃和烯烃的培养基及其混合物中的突变体和变体， 其中将特定的非离子表面活性剂加入到所述培养基中。 添加到所述培养基中的特定非离子表面活性剂选自脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯和聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯。 添加到所述培养基中的比表面积活性剂的量足以按所述培养基的重量计0.005至0.5重量％，优选0.02至0.2重量％。
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公开(公告)号：US4680627A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-14
申请号：US838713
申请日：1986-03-12
CPC分类号： H05K1/0269 , G01N21/95607 , G06K9/6203 , H05K2201/09781 , H05K2201/10204 , H05K2203/163
摘要： In an apparatus for checking patterns on printed circuit boards by comparing two patterns formed on two printed circuit boards, registration patterns each including orthogonal straight line segments and respectively formed on the two printed circuit boards are imaged by two imagers, and registration images from the imagers are matched by means of a registration unit to accurately match an image of a pattern to be checked on one printed circuit board with an image of a reference pattern on the other printed circuit board.
摘要翻译： 在通过比较在两个印刷电路板上形成的两个图案来检查印刷电路板上的图案的装置中，分别形成在两个印刷电路板上的正交直线段的配准图案由两个成像器成像，并且来自成像器的记录图像 通过注册单元进行匹配，以在一个印刷电路板上精确地匹配要检查的图案的图像与另一个印刷电路板上的参考图案的图像。
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公开(公告)号：US4292618A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-29
申请号：US129195
申请日：1980-03-11
摘要： A semiconductor substrate has a major surface, another major surface on the opposite side of the first major surface, a strain gauge stripe formed in the central portion of the second major surface by diffusing an impurity therein, and electrodes connected to the strain gauge stripes. These strain gauge stripes are spaced from the peripheral edge of the second major surface by a distance greater than 1/3 of the length of the same major surface. The first major surface of the semiconductor substrate is bonded to an elastic metal load plate.
摘要翻译： 半导体衬底具有主表面，在第一主表面的相对侧上的另一个主表面，通过在其中扩散杂质而形成在第二主表面的中心部分中的应变计条，以及连接到应变计条纹的电极。 这些应变计条纹与第二主表面的周缘间隔大于同一主表面长度的1/3。 半导体基板的第一主表面与弹性金属负载板接合。
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公开(公告)号：US20080124933A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-29
申请号：US11945547
申请日：2007-11-27
IPC分类号： H01L21/8242 , H01L21/311
CPC分类号： H01L21/823456 , H01L21/823468 , H01L27/1057 , H01L27/10805 , H01L27/10873 , H01L27/11507
摘要： A method for fabricating an electron device on a substrate includes the steps of forming a dummy film over the substrate such that the dummy film covers a device region of the substrate and an outer region of the substrate outside the device region, forming a dummy pattern by patterning the dummy film such that the dummy patter has a first height in the device region and a second height smaller than the first height in the outer region, forming another film over the substrate such that the film covers the dummy pattern in the device region and in the outer region with a shape conformal to a cross-sectional shape of the dummy pattern, and applying an anisotropic etching process acting generally perpendicularly to the substrate such that a surface of the substrate is exposed in the device region and in the outer region.
摘要翻译： 一种在基板上制造电子器件的方法，包括以下步骤：在衬底上形成虚设膜，使得虚设膜覆盖衬底的器件区域和器件区域外的衬底的外部区域，通过 图案化虚拟膜，使得虚拟图案在器件区域中具有第一高度，并且第二高度小于外部区域中的第一高度，在衬底上形成另一膜，使得膜覆盖器件区域中的虚设图案，并且 在外部区域具有与虚设图形的横截面形状一致的形状，以及施加大致垂直于基板的各向异性蚀刻工艺，使得基板的表面暴露在器件区域和外部区域中。
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公开(公告)号：US06863968B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-08
申请号：US10207126
申请日：2002-07-30
申请人： Takeo Nagata , Jun Nagashima
发明人： Takeo Nagata , Jun Nagashima
CPC分类号： F16D69/02 , F16D69/026 , F16D2200/0065 , Y10T428/249924 , Y10T428/24994 , Y10T428/249945 , Y10T428/2933
摘要： A non-asbestos-based friction material for brakes, clutches or the like for automobiles, large-size trucks, railway cars and various industrial machines. The friction material has excellent friction and rust preventive characteristics, and attacks the plane it faces to a limited extent. The non-asbestos-based friction material is produced by forming and then curing the non-asbestos-based friction material composition comprising a fibrous base, binder and filler as the major ingredients. The composition contains at least one type of steel fibers selected from the group consisting of iron, special dead soft steel and dead soft steel, containing carbon (C) at 0.13% or less at specific contents, in the fibrous base at 1 to 50% by volume of the whole friction material.
摘要翻译： 用于汽车，大型卡车，铁路车辆和各种工业机器的用于制动器，离合器等的非石棉基摩擦材料。 该摩擦材料具有优良的摩擦和防锈特性，并在有限的程度上对其进行攻击。 非石棉类摩擦材料通过以包含纤维基材，粘合剂和填料为主要成分的非石棉基摩擦材料组合物形成然后固化而制得。 该组合物含有选自铁，特殊死软钢和死软钢中的至少一种类型的钢纤维，其含有在特定含量为0.13％以下的碳（C），纤维基质中为1〜50％ 以体积计的整个摩擦材料。
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公开(公告)号：US06596789B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-22
申请号：US09383235
申请日：1999-08-26
IPC分类号： C08J514
CPC分类号： B29C43/006 , B29L2031/16 , C08L55/04 , C08L61/06 , C08L61/14 , F16D69/026 , C08L2666/24
摘要： A non-asbestos friction material made by molding and curing a composition comprised of a fibrous base, a binder, and a filler has a 100 Hz vibration damping factor (tan &dgr;) at 300° C. minus tan &dgr; at 50° C. value of at least −0.030. The binder may be a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin, a resin mixture of a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin and a rubber-modified phenolic resin, or a resin mixture of two or more rubber-modified phenolic resins. The friction material has an excellent and long-lasting noise performance, and good wear resistance, functional stability, and fade resistance. The rapid curability of the composition enables a short molding cycle.
摘要翻译： 通过模塑和固化由纤维基材，粘合剂和填料组成的组合物制成的非石棉摩擦材料在300℃下具有100Hz的振动阻尼系数（tanδ）。在50℃下减去tanδ值 至少为-0.030。 粘合剂可以是橡胶改性的高邻苯酚树脂，橡胶改性的高酚醛树脂和橡胶改性酚醛树脂的树脂混合物，或两种或更多种橡胶改性酚醛树脂的树脂混合物。 该摩擦材料具有优异且持久的噪音性能，良好的耐磨性，功能稳定性和抗褪色性。 组合物的快速固化性能够实现短的成型周期。
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公开(公告)号：US4321578A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-23
申请号：US81372
申请日：1979-10-03
申请人： Akira Nagasu , Yosimi Yamamoto , Takeo Nagata , Hiroyasu Uchida , Yutaka Sakurai
发明人： Akira Nagasu , Yosimi Yamamoto , Takeo Nagata , Hiroyasu Uchida , Yutaka Sakurai
CPC分类号： G01L19/0645 , G01L13/025 , G01L19/0038
摘要： A pressure transducer is arranged to mount a semiconductor pressure sensor in a housing such that the pressure of a high-pressure fluid is applied to one side of the semiconductor pressure sensor through a high pressure seal diaphragm and a sealed liquid in the high pressure side, while the pressure of a low-pressure fluid is applied to the other side of the sensor through a low-pressure seal diaphragm and a sealed liquid in the low pressure side, and a protecting member is provided closer to the low-pressure seal diaphragm.
摘要翻译： 压力传感器布置成将半导体压力传感器安装在壳体中，使得高压流体的压力通过高压侧的高压密封膜片和密封液体施加到半导体压力传感器的一侧， 同时低压流体的压力通过低压侧的低压密封隔膜和密封液体施加到传感器的另一侧，并且靠近低压密封隔膜设置保护构件。
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公开(公告)号：US4342231A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-03
申请号：US217025
申请日：1980-12-16
申请人： Yoshimi Yamamoto , Yoshitaka Matsuoka , Syozo Kasai , Yukio Takahashi , Takeo Nagata , Akira Nagasu , Tomomasa Yoshida , Satoshi Shimada
发明人： Yoshimi Yamamoto , Yoshitaka Matsuoka , Syozo Kasai , Yukio Takahashi , Takeo Nagata , Akira Nagasu , Tomomasa Yoshida , Satoshi Shimada
CPC分类号： G01L19/147 , G01L13/025 , G01L19/0038 , G01L19/0645 , G01L19/142
摘要： A differential pressure transmitter has a pressure receiving portion and a sensor portion which are constituted from separate parts separably jointed with each other. The sensor portion includes a semiconductor sensor having one side formed with a resistance pattern and the other side which has a thick-walled peripheral portion and a thick-walled central portion. The semiconductor sensor is incorporated in the sensor portion as being supported at the thick-walled peripheral portion thereof. The pressure receiving portion includes seal diaphragms disposed on both sides of the pressure receiving portion and a central diaphragm disposed therein. The semiconductor sensor is arranged such that the side thereof carrying the resistance pattern faces the pressure receiving portion.
摘要翻译： 差压变送器具有压力接收部分和传感器部分，该压力接收部分和传感器部分由可分离地彼此连接的分开的部分构成。 传感器部分包括半导体传感器，其一侧形成有电阻图案，另一侧具有厚壁周边部分和厚壁中心部分。 半导体传感器被并入传感器部分中，被支撑在其厚壁周边部分。 受压部分包括设置在压力接收部分两侧的密封膜片和设置在其中的中心膜片。 半导体传感器被布置成使得其携带电阻图案的一侧面向压力接收部分。
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