Abstract:
A method of producing fatty acid polyglycol ester sulfates of the general formula (I): R1COO(AO)nSO3M (I) is disclosed, wherein R1CO represents a linear or branched, aliphatic, saturated and/or unsaturated acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, AO represents CH2CH2O, CHCH3CH2O and/or CH2CHCH3, n represents a number from about 0.5 to about 5 and M represents a cation. The disclosed process comprises the sulfation of fatty acid polyglycol esters followed by neutralization, wherein the neutralization is carried out at a pH of from about 5 to about 9.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a thermally expandable and curable material containing: a) at least one epoxide prepolymer; b) at least one heat-activated curing agent for the prepolymer; c) at least one foaming agent; and d) at least one thermoplastic, non-reactive polyurethane selected from among polyurethanes containing a polyester chain. Also disclosed are the use of such a material for stiffening or reinforcing components as well as an extruded or injection-molded article made of such a material.
Abstract:
A process for producing a storage-stable, fine-particle wax dispersion by heating a mixture containing (A) 10% to 80% by weight of a wax, (B) 0.5% to 30% by weight of a hydrophilic nonionic dispersant having an HLB value of 8 to 18, and (C) 1% to 30% by weight of a hydrophobic co-dispersant selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms and partial esters of polyols containing 3 to 6 carbon atoms with fatty acids containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the weight ratio of component (B) to component (C) is in the range from 0.5:1 to 20:1, in the presence of 15% to 85% by weight of water to a temperature above the melting point of the mixture of components (A) to (C) to form a dispersion, heating the dispersion to its phase inversion temperature, and then cooling the dispersion to a temperature below its phase inversion temperature.
Abstract:
Process for the production of aqueous storable nonionic surfactants in which crystallization moderators selected from the group consisting ofa) alkyl glycosides based on short-chain primary alcohols,b) alkyl glycosides based on Guerget alcohols,c) glycosides based on polyols,d) short-chain primary alcohols,e) fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers,f) polyethylene glycols,g) glucose andh) iron(III) ionsare added to aqueous preparations containing alkyl and/or alkenyl glycosides corresponding to formula (I):R.sup.1 O--(G).sub.P (I)in which R.sup.1 is a linear alkyl and/or alkenyl radical containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar unit containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10.
Abstract:
A pourable aqueous liquid surfactant concentrate containing from about 50 to about 90% by weight of a surfactant mixture comprising:A) from about 10 to about 90% by weight of at least one compound of the formulaR.sup.1 --O--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 O).sub.n --H (I) in which R.sup.1 is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical of a primary C.sub.8-22 alcohol attached by carbon and n is a number of from 10 to 60; and B) from about 90 to about 10% by weight of at least one compound of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.2 is a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.6-14 radical attached by carbon, and p and q are each a number of from 0 to 25, the sum of p and q being a number from of 5 to 25.The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the above surfactant concentrate and to the use of the concentrate in emulsion polymerization reactions.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the production of concentrated mono- and/or disalt dispersions of .alpha.-sulfofatty acids by sulfonation of saturated fatty acids and/or fatty acid mixtures with sulfur trioxide, surfactants being added during the neutralization stage to improve the flowability of the dispersions.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a thermally expandable and curable material containing:a) at least one epoxide prepolymer; b) at least one heat-activated curing agent for the prepolymer; c) at least one foaming agent; d) at least one thermoplastic polyurethane or isocyanate; e) at least one block copolymer. Said thermally expandable and curable material can be used for stiffening or reinforcing components.
Abstract:
Highly foaming detergent mixtures comprising: (a) at least one fatty acid polyglycol ester sulfate of the general formula (I): R1COO(AO)xSO3X (I) wherein R1CO represents an acyl group and R1 is selected from the group consisting of linear, branched, saturated and unsaturated chains having from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms, x is an integer having a value of from 1 to 3, each AO independently represents a CH2CH2O, CH2CH(CH3)O or CH(CH3)CH2O group, and X is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, ammonium, an alkylammonium, an alkanolammonium or a glucammonium; and (b) at least one additional surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionics, nonionics, cationics, amphoterics and zwitterionics are disclosed. The disclosed detergent mixtures exhibit advantageous foaming performance and a high level of foam stability even in the presence of hard water and/or oil.
Abstract:
A secondary stabilizer for emulsion polymers is disclosed. The secondary stabilizer is a polyester containing diol residues, residues of olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids which carry sulfonate groups and residues of dicarboxylic acids which do not contain olefinic unsaturation or sulfonate groups. The residues of the olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids comprise from 70 mole-% to 99 mole-% of dicarboxylic acid residues in the polyester and from 1 mole-% to 30 mole-% of residues of dicarboxylic acids which do not contain olefinic unsaturation or sulfonate groups. The polyester secondary stabilizer is not a surfactant (does not significantly lower the surface tension of water) and in addition is biodegradable.