Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the production of concentrated, water-soluble or water swellable emulsion polymers by the polymerization of at least one water-soluble monomer in a water-in-oil dispersion by means of polymerization initiators, preferably in presence of bi- or multi-function vinyl- or allyl compounds in which a water-in-oil dispersion of the starting monomers is polymerized while being stirred so that the heat of polymeriaation is eliminated by distillation removal of the water contained in the reaction mixture. The polymerisation temperature is preferably adjusted and controlled by means of the pressure in the system.
Abstract:
A process is disclosed for the rapid dissolution of a water soluble polymer by mixing the polymer with water and using a hydrophilic wetting agent, wherein the water is introduced under normal mixing conditions into a prepared water-in-oil polymer dispersion that is free of wetting agent, the wetting agent being added after dilution of the prepared water-in-oil dispersion with water. It is preferred that the water be added under pressure through a nozzle.
Abstract:
An additive for deep-well cement slurries comprising a water-soluble anionic copolymer having a molecular weight from about 50,000 to 500,000 and comprising about 1 to 60 mole % of anionic structural units and about 99 to 40 mole % of nonanionic structural units. A preferred additive comprises a terpolymer of acrylamide, sodium acrylate and sodium vinylsulphonate. The additives retard the setting action of the slurry, stabilize the slurry, prevent the swelling of readily hydratable clays and are resistant to electrolytes which would accelerate setting and seepage of water from the slurry.
Abstract:
A pair of pipes have respective end portions one of which is received within the other and defines therewith an annular clearance. Two axially spaced sealing elements are sealingly accommodated in the clearance, and an opening in the outer one of the end portions communicates with the clearance intermediate these sealing elements. A body of hardened material, which was admitted in flowable state via the passage, is accommodated in and fills the clearance intermediate the sealing elements to thereby unite the pipes in stress-transmitting contact with the end portions.
Abstract:
This invention relates to gels consisting of the reaction product of water-soluble polymers of poly(meth)acrylic acid derivatives and multivalent metal salts, in which connection such gels are characterized by the fact that they consist either of the reaction product of a W/O dispersion of the water-soluble polymers with water-soluble solutions of the metal salts, or of the reaction product of aqueous polymer solutions with W/O emulsions of the metal salts. Further, the invention relates to a process for the production of the gels, as well as their use to seal or consolidate permeable soluble materials and to form mortar type combining masses.
Abstract:
A flocculation, sedimentation, dehydration or retention composition comprising a stable dispersion of about 10 to 50% concentration by weight of a polymeric Mannich base in a mixture of water, a water-insoluble liquid and an emulsifier all present as a water-in-oil emulsion, the Mannich base comprising an NH-active polymer carrying carbonamide groups at least about 10% of which carry radicals of a reaction therewith of formaldehyde and a primary or secondary alkyl- or hydroxyalkyl-amine wherein the alkyl groups have up to about 18 carbon atoms, and a stabilizing amount of a water-soluble salt of a mono- or multivalent amine, alone or in admixture with a mono- or multivalent amine or ammonia, or of an ammonium salt of a mineral acid and ammonia, or of a carboxylic acid amide. The amine of the Mannich base is preferably dimethylamine or diethylamine and is used in approximately the same molar amount as the formaldehyde. The polymer preferably comprises acrylamide units and the polymerization may be effected either before or after reaction with the formaldehyde and amine.
Abstract:
A flocculation, sedimentation, dehydration or retention composition comprising a dispersion of about 10 to 50% concentration by weight of a polymeric Mannich base in a mixture of water and a water-insoluble liquid, the Mannich base comprising an H-active polymer carrying radicals of a reaction with formaldehyde and a primary or secondary alkyl- or hydroxyalkylamine wherein the alkyl groups have up to about 18 carbon atoms. The amine is preferably dimethylamine or diethylamine and is used in approximately the same molar amount as the formaldehyde. The polymer preferably comprises acrylamide units and the polymerization may be effected either before or after reaction with the formaldehyde and amine.
Abstract:
A process is disclosed for the rapid dissolution of water-soluble polymers in water, in that water in a finely divided state is introduced under pressure into the prepared finely divided polymer. The water-soluble polymer can be in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion or the form of a powder-in-oil suspension; the water is preferably introduced under pressure through a nozzle and tangentially to the surface of the prepared polymer.
Abstract:
An electromagnetic relay has a bar-shaped armature which is mounted at one end at a coil flange in a carrier comprised of insulating material, in which center contact blades are also mounted at opposite sides of the armature such that movement of the armature is transmitted to the contact blades through the carrier, thus eliminating the plunger which is normally present for contact actuation. The offset positioning of the contact blades with respect to the armature in the carrier causes friction which substantially prevents damaging impact of the contact pads of the contact blades with respectively mating stationary contact pads.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to anhydrous and water-containing agents for waterproofing leathers and furs, which comprise a silicone and as emulsifier an alkyl polyalkylol ether carboxylic acid and/or an alkylaryl polyalkylol ether carboxylic acid and/or one of their alkali, alkaline earth, ammonia, amine, or alkanolamine salts. The present invention further relates to the use of these agents for waterproofing, preferably in retanning or afterwards. Subsequent to the waterproofing, an aftertreatment using metallic salts of bito tetravalent cations may be carried out.