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    Gas Diffusion Electrodes and Methods for Fabricating and Testing Same
    4.
    发明申请
    Gas Diffusion Electrodes and Methods for Fabricating and Testing Same 审中-公开
    气体扩散电极及其制造和测试方法

    公开(公告)号：US20150376803A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-12-31

    申请号：US14431338

    申请日：2013-10-09

    Applicant: BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES, LLC

    Inventor： Jia Xu Wang

    IPC: C25B11/04 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92

    CPC classification number: C25B11/0405 ,  C25B1/10 ,  C25B9/08 ,  C25B11/035 ,  C25B11/0415 ,  C25B11/0473 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8807 ,  H01M4/8828 ,  H01M4/8839 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  H01M4/9041 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y02E60/366

    Abstract: Highly effective, standalone gas-diffusion electrodes (GDEs) and the methods for their manufacture and test are disclosed, Nanocataiysis are directly bonded on a gas diffusion layer, so that the integrity of the catalyst layer holds without polymer electrolyte membrane, facilitating minimization of electronic, prottmtc, and diffusion resistances in the catalyst layer. The devised embodiments provide examples showing a facile hanging-strip method for testing the standalone GDEs in a solution electrochemical cell, which removes the mA-cm−2-scale mass transport limited currents on rotating disk electrodes to allow studies of reaction kinetics on single electrode over sufficiently wide current ranges (up to A cm−2) without mass transport limitation. Ultralow-Pi-content GDEs are fabricated as the cathode for hydrogen evolution in water eiectrolyzers and as the anode for hydrogen oxidation in hydrogen fuel cells. High performance GDEs with low loadings of platinum group metals are being developed for oxygen evolution reaction at the anode of water electrolyzers and for the oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode of fuel cells.

    Abstract translation: 公开了高效，独立的气体扩散电极（GDE）及其制造和测试方法，纳米催化直接结合在气体扩散层上，使得催化剂层的完整性保持不含聚合物电解质膜，有利于最小化电子 ，prottmtc和扩散电阻。 设计的实施例提供了示出用于测试溶液电化学电池中的独立GDE的简易挂带方法的示例，其消除了旋转盘电极上的mA-cm-2级质量传输限制电流，以允许研究单电极上的反应动力学 超过足够宽的电流范围（高达A cm -2），没有质量传输限制。 制造超低含量GDE作为氢分解器中析氢的阴极和氢燃料电池中氢氧化的阳极。 正在开发用于铂电池负极低负载的高性能GDE，用于在水电解器的阳极处的氧析出反应以及燃料电池阴极处的氧还原反应。

    METHOD FOR PRODUCING CORE-SHELL CATALYST FOR FUEL CELLS
    5.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR PRODUCING CORE-SHELL CATALYST FOR FUEL CELLS 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20170104221A1

    公开(公告)日：2017-04-13

    申请号：US14878530

    申请日：2015-10-08

    Applicant: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha ,  Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC

    Inventor： Makoto Adachi ,  Yasuyuki Ohki ,  Tetsuya Ogawa ,  Radoslav Adzic ,  Jia Xu Wang ,  Yu Zhang

    IPC: H01M4/92

    CPC classification number: H01M4/926 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/921

    Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method for producing a core-shell catalyst for fuel cells, which is configured to facilitate shell deposition by, at the time of shell deposition, decreasing an oxidation-reduction potential lower than ever before. Disclosed is a method for producing a core-shell catalyst for fuel cells, wherein the method comprises: a bubbling step of bubbling hydrogen into a mixture A containing a core fine particle-supported carbon and alcohol; a first refluxing step of refluxing the mixture A after the bubbling step; a mixing step of preparing a mixture B by, after the first refluxing step, mixing the mixture A having a temperature that is lower than that in the first refluxing step with a shell material; and a second refluxing step of refluxing the mixture B.

    Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Ethanol
    6.
    发明申请
    Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Ethanol 有权
    使用乙醇合成纳米颗粒

    公开(公告)号：US20130264198A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-10-10

    申请号：US13860316

    申请日：2013-04-10

    Applicant: BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES, LLC

    Inventor： Jia Xu Wang

    IPC: B01J23/46 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B22F9/18

    CPC classification number: H01M4/926 ,  B01J13/02 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B01J23/462 ,  B22F1/0018 ,  B22F1/025 ,  B22F9/18 ,  B22F9/24 ,  B22F2009/245 ,  B22F2301/25 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  B32B15/02 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B11/04 ,  Y02E60/366 ,  Y02E60/50 ,  Y10S977/777 ,  Y10S977/892 ,  Y10S977/896 ,  Y10S977/948 ,  B22F1/0085

    Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for producing nanoparticles. The nanoparticles may be made using ethanol as the solvent and the reductant to fabricate noble-metal nanoparticles with a narrow particle size distributions, and to coat a thin metal shell on other metal cores. With or without carbon supports, particle size is controlled by fine-tuning the reduction power of ethanol, by adjusting the temperature, and by adding an alkaline solution during syntheses. The thickness of the added or coated metal shell can be varied easily from sub-monolayer to multiple layers in a seed-mediated growth process. The entire synthesis of designed core-shell catalysts can be completed using metal salts as the precursors with more than 98% yield; and, substantially no cleaning processes are necessary apart from simple rinsing. Accordingly, this method is considered to be a “green” chemistry method.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及生产纳米颗粒的方法。 纳米颗粒可以使用乙醇作为溶剂和还原剂来制造具有窄粒度分布的贵金属纳米颗粒，并且在其它金属芯上涂覆薄金属壳。 有或没有碳载体，通过调节温度和通过在合成过程中加入碱性溶液微调乙醇的还原能力来控制粒度。 在种子介导的生长过程中，添加或涂覆的金属壳的厚度可以容易地从亚单层变化到多层。 设计的核 - 壳催化剂的整个合成可以用金属盐作为前体完成，产率高达98％ 除了简单的冲洗之外，基本上不需要清洁处理。 因此，该方法被认为是“绿色”化学方法。

    Synthesis of nanoparticles using ethanol
    8.
    发明授权
    Synthesis of nanoparticles using ethanol 有权
    使用乙醇合成纳米粒子

    公开(公告)号：US09550170B2

    公开(公告)日：2017-01-24

    申请号：US13860316

    申请日：2013-04-10

    Applicant: Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC

    Inventor： Jia Xu Wang

    IPC: B22F9/24 ,  B22F1/00 ,  B01J23/46 ,  B22F9/18 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B22F1/02 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01M4/92 ,  B01J13/02 ,  B32B15/02 ,  B82Y40/00

    CPC classification number: H01M4/926 ,  B01J13/02 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B01J23/462 ,  B22F1/0018 ,  B22F1/025 ,  B22F9/18 ,  B22F9/24 ,  B22F2009/245 ,  B22F2301/25 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  B32B15/02 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B11/04 ,  Y02E60/366 ,  Y02E60/50 ,  Y10S977/777 ,  Y10S977/892 ,  Y10S977/896 ,  Y10S977/948 ,  B22F1/0085

    Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for producing nanoparticles. The nanoparticles may be made using ethanol as the solvent and the reductant to fabricate noble-metal nanoparticles with a narrow particle size distributions, and to coat a thin metal shell on other metal cores. With or without carbon supports, particle size is controlled by fine-tuning the reduction power of ethanol, by adjusting the temperature, and by adding an alkaline solution during syntheses. The thickness of the added or coated metal shell can be varied easily from sub-monolayer to multiple layers in a seed-mediated growth process. The entire synthesis of designed core-shell catalysts can be completed using metal salts as the precursors with more than 98% yield; and, substantially no cleaning processes are necessary apart from simple rinsing. Accordingly, this method is considered to be a “green” chemistry method.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及生产纳米颗粒的方法。 纳米颗粒可以使用乙醇作为溶剂和还原剂来制造具有窄粒度分布的贵金属纳米颗粒，并且在其它金属芯上涂覆薄金属壳。 有或没有碳载体，通过调节温度和通过在合成过程中加入碱性溶液微调乙醇的还原能力来控制粒度。 在种子介导的生长过程中，添加或涂覆的金属壳的厚度可以容易地从亚单层变化到多层。 设计的核 - 壳催化剂的整个合成可以用金属盐作为前体完成，产率高达98％ 除了简单的冲洗之外，基本上不需要清洁处理。 因此，该方法被认为是“绿色”化学方法。

    Underpotential Deposition-Mediated Layer-by-Layer Growth of Thin Films
    9.
    发明申请
    Underpotential Deposition-Mediated Layer-by-Layer Growth of Thin Films 有权
    低电位沉积介导的薄膜逐层生长

    公开(公告)号：US20150225869A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-08-13

    申请号：US14689708

    申请日：2015-04-17

    Applicant: Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC

    Inventor： Jia Xu Wang ,  Radoslav R. Adzic

    IPC: C25D21/12 ,  C25D3/50

    CPC classification number: C25D21/12 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/42 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B01J37/0215 ,  B01J37/0228 ,  B01J37/341 ,  C25D3/50 ,  C25D5/18 ,  C25D5/34 ,  C25D7/006 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8853 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M4/926 ,  Y02E60/50

    Abstract: A method of depositing contiguous, conformal submonolayer-to-multilayer thin films with atomic-level control is described. The process involves electrochemically exchanging a mediating element on a substrate with a noble metal film by alternatingly sweeping potential in forward and reverse directions for a predetermined number of times in an electrochemical cell. By cycling the applied voltage between the bulk deposition potential for the mediating element and the material to be deposited, repeated desorption/adsorption of the mediating element during each potential cycle can be used to precisely control film growth on a layer-by-layer basis.

    Abstract translation: 描述了一种沉积具有原子级控制的连续的共形亚单层到多层薄膜的方法。 该方法包括通过在电化学电池中交替地将正向和反向的电位扫描预定次数，在衬底上用介电元件电化学交换介质元件与贵金属膜。 通过在介质元件的体积沉积电位和待沉积的材料之间循环施加的电压，可以使用在每个电位循环期间重复解吸/吸附中间元件以逐层地精确地控制膜生长。

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