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    Molding method, apparatus, and device including use of powder metal technology for forming a molding tool with thermal control elements
    2.
    发明授权
    Molding method, apparatus, and device including use of powder metal technology for forming a molding tool with thermal control elements 失效
    成型方法，装置和装置，包括使用粉末金属技术形成具有热控制元件的模制工具

    公开(公告)号：US06224816B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

    申请号：US09156512

    申请日：1998-09-17

    申请人： Charles W. Hull ,  Michael S. Lockard ,  Thomas A. Almquist

    发明人： Charles W. Hull ,  Michael S. Lockard ,  Thomas A. Almquist

    IPC分类号： B29C3304

    CPC分类号： B22F5/007 ,  B29C33/04 ,  B29C67/04 ,  B29C70/68 ,  B33Y80/00

    摘要： Tool having a molding surface is formed from a flowable material (e.g., powder material) wherein the shape of molding surface is formed from a molding process using a master pattern having a surface with a shape substantially the same as the shape of the molding surface to be formed. The tool has at least one thermal control element located within it and spaced from the molding surface where a component used in forming the thermal control element is located within the flowable material prior to solidifying the material. The powder material is preferably a mixture of metals. The thermal control elements include fluid flow paths, heating elements, temperature sensors, and the like.

    摘要翻译： 具有模制表面的工具由可流动的材料（例如，粉末材料）形成，其中模制表面的形状由使用具有与模制表面的形状基本相同的形状的表面的母模的模制工艺形成， 形成。 该工具具有至少一个热控制元件，其位于其内并与模制表面间隔开，其中用于形成热控制元件的部件在固化材料之前位于可流动材料内。 粉末材料优选是金属的混合物。 热控制元件包括流体流动路径，加热元件，温度传感器等。

    Process of making a molded refractory article
    8.
    发明授权
    Process of making a molded refractory article 失效
    制造耐火制品的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5989476A

    公开(公告)日：1999-11-23

    申请号：US97225

    申请日：1998-06-12

    申请人： Michael S. Lockard ,  Kris Schmidt ,  Charles W. Hull

    发明人： Michael S. Lockard ,  Kris Schmidt ,  Charles W. Hull

    IPC分类号： B22F3/00 ,  B22F3/10 ,  B22F3/12 ,  B29C33/38 ,  B29C35/08 ,  B29C41/02

    CPC分类号： C22C1/1015 ,  B22F3/008 ,  B22F3/1021 ,  B22F3/1283 ,  B22F3/1291 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  B22F2999/00

    摘要： A method for making a molded refractory article including the steps of providing a mold including a master pattern, the mold and master pattern defining a mold cavity; filling the mold cavity with a mixture comprising refractory particles and a heat fugitive binder; placing the assembly of the mold, master pattern and mixture in a furnace; curing the mixture; separating the mold and master pattern from the cured mixture; removing the binder to form a porous structure, sintering the porous structure to provide a porous refractory article and infiltrating the porous refractory article with a filler metal.

    摘要翻译： 一种制造模制耐火制品的方法，包括以下步骤：提供包括母模的模具，所述模具和主模式限定模腔; 用包含耐火颗粒和耐热粘结剂的混合物填充模腔; 将模具，主模式和混合物的组件放置在炉中; 固化混合物; 将模具和母版图案与固化混合物分离; 去除粘合剂以形成多孔结构，烧结多孔结构以提供多孔耐火制品并用填充金属渗透多孔耐火制品。

    Method and apparatus for maintaining parallelism of layers and/or achieving desired thicknesses of layers during the electrochemical fabrication of structures
    9.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for maintaining parallelism of layers and/or achieving desired thicknesses of layers during the electrochemical fabrication of structures 有权
    在结构的电化学制造期间保持层的平行度和/或实现所需厚度的层的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08702956B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-04-22

    申请号：US13356398

    申请日：2012-01-23

    申请人： Uri Frodis ,  Adam L. Cohen ,  Michael S. Lockard

    发明人： Uri Frodis ,  Adam L. Cohen ,  Michael S. Lockard

    IPC分类号： C25D5/52 ,  C25D5/10 ,  C25D5/02

    CPC分类号： C25D5/48 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B81C1/00492 ,  B81C99/0065 ,  B81C2201/0104 ,  B81C2201/0197 ,  C25D1/00 ,  C25D1/003 ,  C25D5/022 ,  C25D5/10 ,  C25D21/12 ,  H01L21/2885 ,  H01L21/76885 ,  Y10T156/1052

    摘要： Some embodiments of the present invention provide processes and apparatus for electrochemically fabricating multilayer structures (e.g. mesoscale or microscale structures) with improved endpoint detection and parallelism maintenance for materials (e.g. layers) that are planarized during the electrochemical fabrication process. Some methods involve the use of a fixture during planarization that ensures that planarized planes of material are parallel to other deposited planes within a given tolerance. Some methods involve the use of an endpoint detection fixture that ensures precise heights of deposited materials relative to an initial surface of a substrate, relative to a first deposited layer, or relative to some other layer formed during the fabrication process. In some embodiments planarization may occur via lapping while other embodiments may use a diamond fly cutting machine.

    摘要翻译： 本发明的一些实施例提供了用于电化学制造多层结构（例如中尺度或微结构）的方法和装置，其具有改进的端点检测和用于在电化学制造过程中被平坦化的材料（例如层）的并行维护。 一些方法涉及在平坦化期间使用夹具，其确保材料的平面化平面平行于给定公差内的其它沉积平面。 一些方法涉及使用端点检测夹具，其相对于第一沉积层或相对于在制造过程期间形成的一些其它层，相对于衬底的初始表面确保沉积材料的精确高度。 在一些实施例中，平面化可以通过研磨发生，而其他实施例可以使用金刚石切片机。

    Electrochemical Fabrication Method Including Elastic Joining of Structures
    10.
    发明申请
    Electrochemical Fabrication Method Including Elastic Joining of Structures 有权
    包括结构弹性连接的电化学制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120137497A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-06-07

    申请号：US13287437

    申请日：2011-11-02

    申请人： Adam L. Cohen ,  Vacit Arat ,  Michael S. Lockard ,  Dennis R. Smalley

    发明人： Adam L. Cohen ,  Vacit Arat ,  Michael S. Lockard ,  Dennis R. Smalley

    IPC分类号： B23P25/00

    CPC分类号： B29C65/56 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  C25D5/02 ,  Y10T29/49885

    摘要： Embodiments are directed to methods for forming multi-layer three-dimensional structures involving the joining of at least two structural elements, at least one of which is formed as a multi-layer three-dimensional structure, wherein the joining occurs via one of: (1) elastic deformation and elastic recovery and subsequent retention of elements relative to each other, (2) relative deformation of an initial portion of at least one element relative to another portion of the at least one element until the at least two elements are in a desired retention position after which the deformation is reduced or eliminated and a portion of at least one element is brought into position which in turn locks the at least two elements together via contact with one another including contact with the initial portion of at least one element, or (3) moving a retention region of one element into the retention region of the other element, without deformation of either element, along a path including a loading region of the other element and wherein during normal use the first and second elements are configured relative to one another so that the loading region of the second elements is not accessible to the retention region of the first element.

    摘要翻译： 实施例涉及用于形成多层三维结构的方法，所述多层三维结构涉及至少两个结构元件的接合，其中至少一个结构元件形成为多层三维结构，其中通过以下之一进行接合：（ 1）弹性变形和弹性恢复以及随后元件相对于彼此的保持，（2）至少一个元件的初始部分相对于至少一个元件的另一部分的相对变形，直到至少两个元件处于 期望的保持位置，在此之后，变形被减小或消除，并且至少一个元件的一部分进入位置，其又通过彼此接触将至少两个元件锁定在一起，包括与至少一个元件的初始部分的接触， 或（3）将一个元件的保持区域移动到另一个元件的保持区域中，而不会使任一元件变形，沿着包括装载物 g区域，并且其中在正常使用期间，第一和第二元件相对于彼此构造，使得第二元件的加载区域不能被第一元件的保持区域访问。