Methods and Apparatus for Forming Multi-Layer Structures Using Adhered Masks
    2.
    发明申请
    Methods and Apparatus for Forming Multi-Layer Structures Using Adhered Masks 审中-公开
    使用粘附掩模形成多层结构的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US20110315556A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-12-29

    申请号:US13206133

    申请日:2011-08-09

    IPC分类号: C25D5/02

    摘要: Numerous electrochemical fabrication methods and apparatus are provided for producing multi-layer structures (e.g. having meso-scale or micro-scale features) from a plurality of layers of deposited materials using adhered masks (e.g. formed from liquid photoresist or dry film), where two or more materials may be provided per layer where at least one of the materials is a structural material and one or more of any other materials may be a sacrificial material which will be removed after formation of the structure. Materials may comprise conductive materials that are electrodeposited or deposited in an electroless manner. In some embodiments special care is undertaken to ensure alignment between patterns formed on successive layers.

    摘要翻译: 提供了多种电化学制造方法和装置,用于使用粘附的掩模(例如由液体光致抗蚀剂或干膜形成)从多层沉积材料制备多层结构(例如具有中尺度或微尺度特征),其中两个 或者可以在每层中提供更多的材料,其中至少一种材料是结构材料,并且任何其它材料中的一种或多种可以是在形成结构之后被去除的牺牲材料。 材料可以包括以无电解方式电沉积或沉积的导电材料。 在一些实施例中,特别注意确保在连续层上形成的图案之间的对准。

    Methods of forming three-dimensional structures having reduced stress and/or curvature
    3.
    发明授权
    Methods of forming three-dimensional structures having reduced stress and/or curvature 有权
    形成具有减小的应力和/或曲率的三维结构的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08808800B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-08-19

    申请号:US13409950

    申请日:2012-03-01

    IPC分类号: B05D3/00

    CPC分类号: B81C1/00666 C25D5/022

    摘要: Electrochemical fabrication processes and apparatus for producing single layer or multi-layer structures where each layer includes the deposition of at least two materials and wherein the formation of at least some layers includes operations for reducing stress and/or curvature distortion when the structure is released from a sacrificial material which surrounded it during formation and possibly when released from a substrate on which it was formed. Six primary groups of embodiments are presented which are divide into eleven primary embodiments. Some embodiments attempt to remove stress to minimize distortion while others attempt to balance stress to minimize distortion.

    摘要翻译: 用于生产单层或多层结构的电化学制造方法和装置,其中每个层包括至少两种材料的沉积,并且其中形成至少一些层包括当结构被释放时减少应力和/或曲率失真的操作 牺牲材料,其在形成期间包围它,并且可能当从其形成的基底释放时。 呈现了六个主要实施例的组,它们分为十一个主要实施例。 一些实施例尝试去除应力以最小化失真,而另一些实施例试图平衡应力以最小化失真。

    Electrochemical fabrication methods incorporating dielectric materials and/or using dielectric substrates
    5.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical fabrication methods incorporating dielectric materials and/or using dielectric substrates 有权
    电介质材料和/或使用电介质基片的电化学制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US07517462B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-04-14

    申请号:US11029014

    申请日:2005-01-03

    IPC分类号: B81C1/00

    摘要: Some embodiments of the present invention are directed to techniques for building up single layer or multi-layer structures on dielectric or partially dielectric substrates. Certain embodiments deposit seed layer material directly onto substrate materials while other embodiments use an intervening adhesion layer material. Some embodiments use different seed layer materials and/or adhesion layer materials for sacrificial and structural conductive building materials. Some embodiments apply seed layer and/or adhesion layer materials in what are effectively selective manners while other embodiments apply the materials in blanket fashion. Some embodiments remove extraneous depositions (e.g. depositions to regions unintended to form part of a layer) via planarization operations while other embodiments remove the extraneous material via etching operations. Other embodiments are directed to the electrochemical fabrication of multilayer mesoscale or microscale structures which are formed using at least one conductive structural material, at least one conductive sacrificial material, and at least one dielectric material. In some embodiments the dielectric material is a UV-curable photopolymer.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的一些实施例涉及在电介质或部分电介质基底上建立单层或多层结构的技术。 某些实施方案将种子层材料直接沉积到基底材料上,而其它实施例使用中间粘合层材料。 一些实施例使用不同种子层材料和/或用于牺牲和结构导电建筑材料的粘合层材料。 一些实施例将种子层和/或粘合层材料应用于有选择性的方式,而其它实施例以毯子的方式应用材料。 一些实施例通过平面化操作去除外来沉积物(例如沉积到不想要形成层的一部分的区域),而其他实施例通过蚀刻操作去除外来材料。 其它实施方案涉及使用至少一种导电结构材料,至少一种导电牺牲材料和至少一种电介质材料形成的多层中尺度或微结构结构的电化学制造。 在一些实施方案中,电介质材料是可UV固化的光聚合物。

    Electrochemical Fabrication Methods for Producing Multilayer Structures Including the use of Diamond Machining in the Planarization of Deposits of Material
    8.
    发明申请
    Electrochemical Fabrication Methods for Producing Multilayer Structures Including the use of Diamond Machining in the Planarization of Deposits of Material 审中-公开
    用于生产多层结构的电化学制造方法包括在材料沉积物平面化中使用金刚石加工

    公开(公告)号:US20090020433A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-01-22

    申请号:US12121625

    申请日:2008-05-15

    IPC分类号: C25D5/48

    摘要: Electrochemical fabrication methods for forming single and multilayer mesoscale and microscale structures are disclosed which include the use of diamond machining (e.g. fly cutting or turning) to planarize layers. Some embodiments focus on systems of sacrificial and structural materials which are useful in Electrochemical fabrication and which can be diamond machined with minimal tool wear (e.g. Ni—P and Cu, Au and Cu, Cu and Sn, Au and Cu, Au and Sn, and Au and Sn—Pb), where the first material or materials are the structural materials and the second is the sacrificial material). Some embodiments focus on methods for reducing tool wear when using diamond machining to planarize structures being electrochemically fabricated using difficult-to-machine materials (e.g. by depositing difficult to machine material selectively and potentially with little excess plating thickness, and/or pre-machining depositions to within a small increment of desired surface level (e.g. using lapping or a rough cutting operation) and then using diamond fly cutting to complete he process, and/or forming structures or portions of structures from thin walled regions of hard-to-machine material as opposed to wide solid regions of structural material.

    摘要翻译: 公开了用于形成单层和多层中尺度和微结构的电化学制造方法,其包括使用金刚石加工(例如飞切或车削)来平坦化层。 一些实施例集中于可用于电化学制造的牺牲和结构材料的系统,并且可以以最小的工具磨损(例如Ni-P和Cu,Au和Cu,Cu和Sn,Au和Cu,Au和Sn, 和Au和Sn-Pb),其中第一材料或材料是结构材料,第二材料是牺牲材料)。 一些实施例着重于在使用金刚石加工来平面化使用难以加工的材料进行电化学制造的结构(例如,通过沉积难以加工材料选择性且潜在地具有少量多余电镀厚度和/或预加工沉积 到所需表面水平的小增量(例如使用研磨或粗切割操作),然后使用金刚石飞切切割来完成其加工,和/或从硬质材料的薄壁区域形成结构或部分结构 而不是结构材料的宽固体区域。

    Electrochemical Fabrication Methods Incorporating Dielectric Materials and/or Using Dielectric Substrates
    9.
    发明申请
    Electrochemical Fabrication Methods Incorporating Dielectric Materials and/or Using Dielectric Substrates 审中-公开
    电介质材料和/或使用介质基片的电化学制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US20080121343A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-05-29

    申请号:US12015374

    申请日:2008-01-16

    IPC分类号: B32B38/10

    摘要: Some embodiments of the present invention are directed to techniques for building up single layer or multi-layer structures on dielectric or partially dielectric substrates. Certain embodiments deposit seed layer material directly onto substrate materials while other embodiments use an intervening adhesion layer material. Some embodiments use different seed layer materials and/or adhesion layer materials for sacrificial and structural conductive building materials. Some embodiments apply seed layer and/or adhesion layer materials in what are effectively selective manners while other embodiments apply the materials in blanket fashion. Some embodiments remove extraneous depositions (e.g. depositions to regions unintended to form part of a layer) via planarization operations while other embodiments remove the extraneous material via etching operations. Other embodiments are directed to the electrochemical fabrication of multilayer mesoscale or microscale structures which are formed using at least one conductive structural material, at least one conductive sacrificial material, and at least one dielectric material. In some embodiments the dielectric material is a UV-curable photopolymer.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的一些实施例涉及在电介质或部分电介质基底上建立单层或多层结构的技术。 某些实施方案将种子层材料直接沉积到基底材料上,而其它实施例使用中间粘合层材料。 一些实施例使用不同种子层材料和/或用于牺牲和结构导电建筑材料的粘合层材料。 一些实施例将种子层和/或粘合层材料应用于有选择性的方式,而其它实施例以毯子的方式应用材料。 一些实施例通过平面化操作去除外来沉积物(例如沉积到不想要形成层的一部分的区域),而其他实施例通过蚀刻操作去除外来材料。 其它实施方案涉及使用至少一种导电结构材料,至少一种导电牺牲材料和至少一种电介质材料形成的多层中尺度或微结构结构的电化学制造。 在一些实施方案中,电介质材料是可UV固化的光聚合物。

    Method and apparatus for maintaining parallelism of layers and/or achieving desired thicknesses of layers during the electrochemical fabrication of structures
    10.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for maintaining parallelism of layers and/or achieving desired thicknesses of layers during the electrochemical fabrication of structures 有权
    在结构的电化学制造期间保持层的平行度和/或实现所需厚度的层的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US08702956B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-04-22

    申请号:US13356398

    申请日:2012-01-23

    IPC分类号: C25D5/52 C25D5/10 C25D5/02

    摘要: Some embodiments of the present invention provide processes and apparatus for electrochemically fabricating multilayer structures (e.g. mesoscale or microscale structures) with improved endpoint detection and parallelism maintenance for materials (e.g. layers) that are planarized during the electrochemical fabrication process. Some methods involve the use of a fixture during planarization that ensures that planarized planes of material are parallel to other deposited planes within a given tolerance. Some methods involve the use of an endpoint detection fixture that ensures precise heights of deposited materials relative to an initial surface of a substrate, relative to a first deposited layer, or relative to some other layer formed during the fabrication process. In some embodiments planarization may occur via lapping while other embodiments may use a diamond fly cutting machine.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的一些实施例提供了用于电化学制造多层结构(例如中尺度或微结构)的方法和装置,其具有改进的端点检测和用于在电化学制造过程中被平坦化的材料(例如层)的并行维护。 一些方法涉及在平坦化期间使用夹具,其确保材料的平面化平面平行于给定公差内的其它沉积平面。 一些方法涉及使用端点检测夹具,其相对于第一沉积层或相对于在制造过程期间形成的一些其它层,相对于衬底的初始表面确保沉积材料的精确高度。 在一些实施例中,平面化可以通过研磨发生,而其他实施例可以使用金刚石切片机。