Abstract:
A circuit module comprises a die attach pad with a surface and a plurality of leads surrounding the surface. A nonconductive adhesive is on the surface. A plurality of electronic circuit dies are on the surface of the die attach pad. Each die has a top surface and a bottom surface with the bottom surface on the adhesive. The top surface has a plurality of bonding pads. A first electronic circuit die has at least one routing path of a conductive material connecting a first bonding pad to a second bonding pad. A first bonding wire connects a bonding pad of a second electronic circuit die to the first bonding pad of the first electronic die. A second bonding wire connects the second bonding pad of the first electronic circuit die to a lead. Where one of the dies contains vertical circuit element, where a doped layer forms a terminal along the bottom surface of the layer, a trench filled with doped polysilicon extends from the top surface to the terminal to connect to the terminal. The doped polysilicon filled trench also serves to isolate and separate different circuit elements.
Abstract:
An integrated circuit high voltage analog switch has digital logic-level control interface circuit. A level translator is coupled to the digital logic-level control interface circuit. A plurality of output multi-channel high voltage switches is coupled to the level translator.
Abstract:
An electrical waveform generating circuit has a programmable current source-driver. A digital switched current source is coupled to the programmable current source-driver and controlled by waveforms stored in the programmable current source-driver. A plurality of MOSFETs is coupled to the programmable current source driver. A first coupled inductor is connected to the plurality of high voltage MOSFETs. A transducer is coupled to the first coupled inductor.
Abstract:
A multi-level high-voltage pulse generator integrated circuit has a digital logic-level control interface circuit. A pair of complementary MOSFETs is controlled by the digital control interface circuit. A pair of supply voltage rails is provided, wherein one of the pair of supply voltage rails is connected to each of the pair of complementary MOSFETs. A pair of Zener diodes is provided, wherein one of the pair of Zener diodes is connected to each of the pair of complementary MOSFETs. A pair of resistors is provided, wherein one of the pair of resistors is connected in parallel with each of the pair of Zener diodes. A pair of complementary voltage blocking-MOSFETs having predetermined gate bias voltages is provided, wherein each of the pair complementary voltage blocking-MOSFETs is attached to a corresponding one pair of complementary MOSFETs.
Abstract:
An ultrasonic transducer is disclosed for emitting an ultrasonic wave radially inward. The transducer is constructed with a strip of piezoelectric material laminated with a pair of electrically conductive metal layers that are conductively isolated from one another. In a preferred embodiment, the strip of piezoelectric material is formed in a cylindrical shape and with continuous sinusoidal ripples along the circumference. The sinusoidal ripples are designed to emit a specific wave length of a desired frequency. The radius of the sinusoidal wave is based on material characteristics and the desired resonance frequency. The invention discloses various methods and apparatus for constructing and maintaining the transducer sinusoidal shape. One method includes attachment of a pair of rigid end caps on the laminated piezoelectric material, and another discloses weaving the laminated piezoelectric material through a nonconductive mesh cage, and yet another includes adhesively attaching the transducer to a housing. The invention also includes an application of the above described transducers in a gas analyzer having an internal chamber in which the transducer is arranged. The method of analyzing gas includes passing the gas through the internal chamber and across the surface of the transducer, energizing the transducer to emit an ultrasonic wave into the passing gas toward the center of the transducer. The ultrasonic wave is reflected from a pressure center and sensed by the same transducer that emitted the wave. The invention also includes a method of manufacturing the transducer with sinusoidal ripples to accomplish an emission of desired frequency.
Abstract:
An OTDR stores data samples in a predetermined sequence in a memory. Data is read from and written to the memory in the predetermined sequence by application of successive control signals. The stored data is read, added to a correlated sample of a new signal and the result stored to maintain the predetermined sequence of samples. Successive tests thus accumulate samples in sequence to provide an indication of the variation of the signal as the light pulse passes along the fiber under tests.
Abstract:
An OTDR to examine light reflected from an optic fibre has an amplification stage that operates in either a high gain or low gain mode. To avoid saturation of the amplifier in the high gain mode, the trace is examined to identify the location of spikes and a switch is controlled to connect the amplifier to the signal after the occurrence of the spike.
Abstract:
An optical scanner has focusing elements rotatable about a fixed axis. The elements are each mounted on a flexible radially extending suspension arm. A magnet is carried by each arm and passes a coil extending along the path of the elements. Current to the coil is controlled to induce movement of the arm in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation and effect focusing of the elements.
Abstract:
A capacitive parametric zero crossing detection circuit has a nonlinear voltage controlled capacitive device coupled to an input voltage to convert a zero crossing current pulse into zero crossing voltage signal.