摘要:
This invention provides birefringent optical waveguide structures of crystalline aluminum garnet of a high refractive index which are clad with crystalline aluminum garnet of a lower refractive index. Due to predetermined lattice mismatch between garnet substrate and cladding layer, strain is induced which causes a stress with resultant birefringence in the waveguide layer. When linearly polarized light enters such stressed waveguide in certain orientations, the linear polarization will be preserved by the stress-induced birefringence. These birefringent clad waveguides can be in the form of slabs, channels, ribs, or any of the typical optical waveguide structures. They are useful at high temperature.
摘要:
A sensor for use in an optical temperature detector system having a birefringent element made of a single crystal metal oxide plate. A broad band light spectrum is transmitted through a first linear polarizing element to create a linearly polarized wave. The linearly polarized wave on passing through the single crystal metal oxide plate decomposes into first and second orthogonally polarized waves. Propagation of the linearly polarized wave through the birefringent single crystal metal oxide plate introduces a temperature dependent phase shift between the two waves. Thereafter, a second linear polarizer combines the first and second orthogonally polarized waves to create a modulated light spectrum having a fringe pattern, the fringe pattern being a function of the current temperature experienced by said birefringent element. A fiber optic cable connected to the second linear polarizing element carries the modulated light spectrum to an opto-electronic interface where the fringe pattern is extracted and a computer compatible signal is generated for a CPU to accurately indicate current environmental temperature conditions up to 1000.degree. C. experienced by the single crystal plate crystal in the birefringent element.
摘要:
Blades for use in combusion turbine engine are formed from a single crystal garnet body--suitably an aluminum garnet, desirably a rare earth aluminum garnet--having an epitaxial surface layer of a second garnet having a lattice constant larger than that of the body garnet so as a compressive strain, to thereby strengthen the blade.
摘要:
Reinforcement fibers are formed from a single crystal garnet body--suitably an aluminum garnet, desirably a rare earth aluminum garnet--having an epitaxial surface layer of a second garnet having a lattice constant larger than that of the body garnet so as to provide a compressive strain, to thereby strengthen the fiber.
摘要:
Optical waveguides suitable for use in high temperature environments are constructed of a waveguiding body composed of a first crystalline aluminum garnet, which is clad with an epitaxially deposited layer of a second crystalline aluminum garnet. The second crystalline aluminum garnet has a lower refractive index than the first crystalline aluminum garnet.
摘要:
Blades for use in combusion turbine engines are formed from a single crystal aluminum garnet body--desirably a rare earth aluminum garnet body--having an epitaxial surface layer of a second aluminum garnet having a lattice constant larger than that of the body garnet so as to provide a compressive strain, to thereby strengthen the blade.
摘要:
A simple, compact, and rugged laser comprises a solid transparent housing with two cavities. A laser medium is embedded in one cavity and a pump lamp in the other. By choosing for the housing and lamp envelope materials having thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of the laser medium, high power operation is feasible. An optional reflecting coating on the exterior of the housing enhances efficiency. A filter coating on the lamp envelope eliminates unwanted components of lamp radiation.
摘要:
Single crystals of chromium-doped beryllium aluminate find advantageous use in optical applications and, in particular, in lasers capable of operating at room temperature.
摘要:
Egg trays for containing and transporting eggs in successive layers. Each tray comprises an array of staggered egg-supporting skirts disposed in transverse and longitudinal rows. Each row of skirts occupies a sequentially alternating upper and lower plane. The skirts are formed by a series of integrally connected, tubular receptacles made from a semirigid molded plastic. Each skirt is so shaped that the upper perimeter of the skirt is adapted to receive the pointed end of an egg and retain it in a stable position during handling and tilting of the tray. Lateral support for the eggs on the perimeter of the tray when it is tilted from the horizontal is provided by a plurality of upstanding lugs and fingers spaced around the periphery of the tray. Each tray also has at least three vertical support pedestals located in the interior portion of the tray for holding a tray in stacking arrangement immediately above it. The upper end of each pedestal terminates in the same horizontal plane and is located above the topmost end of the eggs when situated in the skirts. Acting as a male member, the upper end of each support pedestal is adapted to engage a socket in the lower end of the support pedestal in the tray immediately above it. The lower ends of each support pedestal and the base of the socket in each pedestal occupy, respectively, the two closely spaced horizontal planes. The socket recess is adapted to receive and interlock with the upper end of the corresponding support pedestal of the tray below, thus providing lateral support as well as vertical support for each tray in stacked arrangement.
摘要:
Porous solid bodies, especially carbon bodies, are densified by chemical vapor deposition by establishing a thermal gradient within the body, thermally decomposing a gaseous precursor so deposit an electrically and thermally conductive deposit (e.g. carbon) within the body, and shifting the thermal gradient toward the lower temperature zone as deposition proceeds, by means of induction heating.