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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4721699A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-26
申请号：US900824
申请日：1986-08-27
申请人： Dietrich Wagener , Karl H. Laue , Egmar Wunderlich , Theo Sander , Claus Flockenhaus , Erich Hackler , Blagoje Levkov , Daniel Grimm , Hartmut Kainer , Hermann Stein
发明人： Dietrich Wagener , Karl H. Laue , Egmar Wunderlich , Theo Sander , Claus Flockenhaus , Erich Hackler , Blagoje Levkov , Daniel Grimm , Hartmut Kainer , Hermann Stein
CPC分类号： B01D53/8631 , B01J35/04 , F01N2330/06
摘要： A structure made from catalyst for use in the separation of nitrogen oxides from combustion exhaust gases which contain dust. The catalytic structure has plates with spaces therebetween to carry a flow of the exhaust gas therethrough. The catalyst is constructed of individual ceramic plates. The abrasion or wear resistance of the plates is chosen such that the dust in the exhaust gases flowing through the spaces abrades the plate surface at a rate which is at least equivalent to the deactivation of the catalyst surface by action of the nitrogen oxides, which constantly provides a fresh catalyst surface for reaction with the nitrogen oxides. The movement of the exhaust gas through the catalytic structure carries the dust and abraded material along with it and out of the structure.
摘要翻译： 由用于从含有灰尘的燃烧废气中分离氮氧化物的催化剂制成的结构。 催化结构具有在其间具有间隔的板，以使废气流过其中。 催化剂由单独的陶瓷板构成。 选择板的磨损或耐磨性，使得流过空间的废气中的灰尘以至少等于通过氮氧化物的作用使催化剂表面的失活至少相当的速率磨损板表面，氮气氧化物的作用不断 提供了与氮氧化物反应的新鲜催化剂表面。 废气通过催化结构的运动将灰尘和磨损材料与其一起携带并离开结构。
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公开(公告)号：US4672052A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-09
申请号：US768508
申请日：1985-08-22
申请人： Dietrich Wagener , Karl H. Laue , Egmar Wunderlich , Theo Sander , Claus Flockenhaus , Erich Hackler , Blagoje Levkov , Daniel Grimm , Hartmut Kainer , Hermann Stein
发明人： Dietrich Wagener , Karl H. Laue , Egmar Wunderlich , Theo Sander , Claus Flockenhaus , Erich Hackler , Blagoje Levkov , Daniel Grimm , Hartmut Kainer , Hermann Stein
CPC分类号： B01D53/8631 , B01J35/04 , F01N2330/06
摘要： A catalyst for use in a process for the removal of nitrogen oxides from exhaust gases contaminated with dust in which the process uses ammonia. The catalyst is made of a material which is easily disposable. Furthermore, the catalyst should be completely used up in the catalysis. The catalyst comprises individual ceramic bricks with a porous surface, and passages therethrough for the flow of the exhaust gases. The bricks exhibit a resistance to abrasion which is designed so that the dust of the exhaust gas which flows through the passages erodes the catalyst surface, thereby reactivating the catalyst. The exhaust gas carries the dust and the eroded material along with it.
摘要翻译： 一种催化剂，用于从其中使用氨的灰尘污染的废气中除去氮氧化物的方法。 催化剂由易于一次性的材料制成。 此外，催化剂应在催化中完全消耗。 该催化剂包括具有多孔表面的单个陶瓷砖，以及用于排气流动的通道。 砖表现出耐磨性，其设计为使得流过通道的排气的灰尘侵蚀催化剂表面，从而使催化剂再次活化。 废气携带灰尘和侵蚀的材料。
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3.发明授权Catalyst for the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides in waste gases and process for the manufacture of such a catalyst 失效用于选择性还原废气中的氮氧化物的催化剂和用于制造这种催化剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US4695559A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US831142
申请日：1986-02-19
申请人： Dietrich Wagener , Karl H. Laue , Egmar Wunderlich , Theo Sander , Claus Flockenhaus , Erich Hackler , Biagoje Levkov , Daniel Grimm , Hartmut Kainer , Hermann Stein , Hans-Eugen Buhler , Horst Kalfa , Johann Jansen , Werner Stender , Arnold Max
发明人： Dietrich Wagener , Karl H. Laue , Egmar Wunderlich , Theo Sander , Claus Flockenhaus , Erich Hackler , Biagoje Levkov , Daniel Grimm , Hartmut Kainer , Hermann Stein , Hans-Eugen Buhler , Horst Kalfa , Johann Jansen , Werner Stender , Arnold Max
CPC分类号： B01J37/04 , B01D53/8628 , B01J23/862
摘要： A catalyst for use with ammonia for the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides in waste gases. The catalyst comprises a mixture of substances which has high activity and selectivity with regard to nitrogen oxide conversion and high sorption capabilities with regard to ammonia, but low oxidation capabilities with regard to sulfur dioxide, ammonia, or similar substances. The invention also provides a process for the manufacture and use of such catalysts.
摘要翻译： 用于氨的催化剂用于选择性还原废气中的氮氧化物。 催化剂包括对于氮氧化物转化和对氨具有高吸附能力而具有高活性和选择性的物质的混合物，但对于二氧化硫，氨或类似物质的氧化能力低。 本发明还提供了制备和使用这种催化剂的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4828806A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-09
申请号：US127609
申请日：1987-11-30
申请人： Claus Flockenhaus , Karl H. Laue , Theo Sander , Erich Hackler , Blagoje Levkov , Daniel Grimm , Hartmut Kainer , Hermann Stein
发明人： Claus Flockenhaus , Karl H. Laue , Theo Sander , Erich Hackler , Blagoje Levkov , Daniel Grimm , Hartmut Kainer , Hermann Stein
CPC分类号： F23J15/006 , B01D53/86 , B01D53/8646 , B01D53/865 , F23J2215/40 , F23J2219/10
摘要： In a process for cleaning a waste gas containing various pollutants, the exhaust gas with the pollutants is introduced directly into a reduction reactor. In the reactor, the pollutants are reduced by ammonia. The catalyst used is iron oxide material or a mixed oxide material of iron oxide and chromium oxide, or a mixture of the mixture material of the mixed oxide material and the iron oxide material.
摘要翻译： 在清洗含有各种污染物的废气的过程中，将具有污染物的废气直接引入还原反应器中。 在反应堆中，污染物被氨还原。 使用的催化剂是氧化铁材料或氧化铁和氧化铬的混合氧化物材料，或混合氧化物材料和氧化铁材料的混合物的混合物。
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5.发明授权Process for the removal of nitrogen oxides and soot from exhaust gases of machines and combustion installations burning heavy fuel oil 失效从燃烧重型燃油的机器和燃烧设备的废气中除去氮氧化物和烟灰的过程
公开(公告)号：US4720376A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-19
申请号：US860306
申请日：1986-05-06
申请人： Karl H. Laue , Claus Flockenhaus , Erich Hackler , Blagoje Levkov , Daniel Grimm , Hartmut Kainer , Hermann Stein , Hans-Eugen Buhler
发明人： Karl H. Laue , Claus Flockenhaus , Erich Hackler , Blagoje Levkov , Daniel Grimm , Hartmut Kainer , Hermann Stein , Hans-Eugen Buhler
CPC分类号： F01N3/36 , B01D53/8625 , B01D53/8646 , B01D53/9409 , F01N3/02 , F01N3/0205 , F01N3/0231 , F01N3/2066 , F01N3/2882 , F01N2610/02 , F01N2610/14 , Y02T10/24
摘要： A process for the removal of nitrogen oxides and soot from exhaust gases from machines and combustion installations burning heavy fuel oil by means of free-passage catalysts at increased temperatures with the addition of ammonia into the exhaust gas stream ahead of the catalysts. To make the process mre effective, the soot adhering to the catalyst surfaces is removed by burning it off and/or by friction resulting from the admixture of sand, ash or similar abrasive mixtures into the exhaust gas stream ahead of the catalysts.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从机器和燃烧装置的废气中除去氮氧化物和烟灰的方法，通过在升高的温度下通过自由通道催化剂燃烧重质燃料燃料，在催化剂之前的排气流中加入氨。 为了使该方法有效，粘附到催化剂表面上的烟灰通过将其从脱硫和/或由砂，灰或类似的研磨混合物混合物引起的摩擦物排出到催化剂前面的排气流中来除去。
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6.发明授权Process for the manufacture of a catalyst for the reduction of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases 失效用于制造用于还原废气中的氮氧化物的催化剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US4751212A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-14
申请号：US938525
申请日：1986-12-05
申请人： Claus Flockenhaus , Erich Hackler , Karl H. Laue , Klaus Merkel , Arnold Max , Werner Stender , Johann Jansen , Hartmut Kainer , Daniel Grimm , Blagoje Levkov
发明人： Claus Flockenhaus , Erich Hackler , Karl H. Laue , Klaus Merkel , Arnold Max , Werner Stender , Johann Jansen , Hartmut Kainer , Daniel Grimm , Blagoje Levkov
IPC分类号： B01D53/86 , B01J23/745 , B01J23/74 , B01J27/053 , C01B21/00
CPC分类号： B01J23/745 , B01D53/8628
摘要： The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a catalyst for the reduction of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases. The catalyst contains a metal oxide. The catalyst is preferably used for catalytic reduction with ammonia. The process comprises screening a natural goethite iron ore to the required grain size and then treating the ore with sulfuric acid. Subsequently, the goethite iron ore is heated to a temperature which approximately equals the temperature at which it will be used in the catalytic reaction.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及制备用于还原废气中的氮氧化物的催化剂的方法。 催化剂含有金属氧化物。 该催化剂优选用于用氨催化还原。 该方法包括将天然针铁矿铁矿筛选成所需的粒度，然后用硫酸处理矿石。 随后，将针铁矿铁矿石加热到与催化反应中使用的温度大致相等的温度。
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公开(公告)号：US4746483A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-24
申请号：US905752
申请日：1986-09-09
申请人： Claus Flockenhaus , Karl-Heinz Laue , Klaus Merkel , Erich Hackler , Johann Jansen , Arnold Max , Werner Stender , Reinhard Kruse , Hartmut Kainer , Daniel Grimm , Blagoje Levkov
发明人： Claus Flockenhaus , Karl-Heinz Laue , Klaus Merkel , Erich Hackler , Johann Jansen , Arnold Max , Werner Stender , Reinhard Kruse , Hartmut Kainer , Daniel Grimm , Blagoje Levkov
IPC分类号： B01D53/86 , B01J37/00 , B01J27/043 , B01J27/047 , B29C43/02 , B29C43/32
CPC分类号： B01J37/0009 , B01D53/8628
摘要： In a process for the manufacture of catalyst moldings a natural raw material containing Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 or another such catalyst component such as TiO.sub.2, NbO.sub.2, WO.sub.3, V.sub.2 O.sub.5 or MoO.sub.3 is screened to a grain size equal to or less than approximately 0.25 mm. This screened base mixture is thoroughly blended, and then preferably a concentrated sulphuric acid is added. This mixture of material is then pressed into a molding in a hydraulic press with a pressure of approximately 500 bar to produce the molding.
摘要翻译： 在制造催化剂模制品的方法中，将含有Fe 2 O 3，Cr 2 O 3或另一种这样的催化剂组分如TiO 2，NbO 2，WO 3，V 2 O 5或MoO 3的天然原料筛分至等于或小于约0.25mm的晶粒度。 将该筛分的基础混合物充分混合，然后优选加入浓硫酸。 然后将该材料混合物压制成压力为约500巴的液压机中的模塑制品以产生模制品。
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公开(公告)号：US4407699A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-04
申请号：US320742
申请日：1981-11-12
申请人： Claus Flockenhaus , Dietrich Wagener , Erich Hackler , Stefan Smieskol , Manfred Galow , Joachim Meckel , Dieter Breidenbach
发明人： Claus Flockenhaus , Dietrich Wagener , Erich Hackler , Stefan Smieskol , Manfred Galow , Joachim Meckel , Dieter Breidenbach
摘要： A process and apparatus for the dry cooling of coke involves the provision of a vessel having therein first and second zones in full communication with each other. Hot coke from a coking operation is introduced into the first zone and is passed through the first and second zones. Raw coke oven gas from the coking operation is introduced into the first zone, thereby reducing the temperature of the coke, while cleaning the raw coke oven gas to form cleaned coke oven gas. The cleaned coke oven gas is removed from the first zone, cooled, and then directly or indirectly utilized as a heat carrier gas introduced into the second zone to therein further reduce the temperature of the coke. The thereby further cooled coke is removed from the second zone.
摘要翻译： 用于干燥冷却焦炭的方法和设备涉及提供容器，其中第一和第二区域彼此完全相通。 来自焦化操作的热焦炭被引入第一区域并且通过第一和第二区域。 来自焦化操作的原焦炉气体被引入第一区域，从而降低焦炭的温度，同时清洁原焦炉气体以形成清洁的焦炉煤气。 将清洁的焦炉气体从第一区域移除，冷却，然后直接或间接地用作引入第二区域的热载体气体，从而进一步降低焦炭的温度。 由此进一步冷却的焦炭从第二区域去除。
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9.发明授权Method for the preparation of high-caloric gases, particularly methane, by means of a catalyst fluidized bed 失效通过催化剂流化床制备高热量气体，特别是甲烷的方法
公开(公告)号：US4433066A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-21
申请号：US340738
申请日：1982-01-19
CPC分类号： B01J8/28 , B01J8/006 , C07C1/0485 , B01J2208/0007 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/00539 , B01J2208/00548
摘要： A method for the production of high-caloric content gases is disclosed wherein feed gases containing CO and H.sub.2 are passed through at least two consecutive catalytic fluidized bed stages having cooling elements wherein, the feed gases being introduced to the first stage under pressure and to the subsequent stages under a pressure which is less than the pressure of the next preceding stage, and the gas produced from each preceding stage is fed to the next stage as a diluting gas. As a result of using the method of the present invention, one can avoid the necessity of compression of the feed gases in the subsequent reaction stages, thereby decreasing the cost as well as the technical difficulties encountered in the process.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于生产高热量含量气体的方法，其中包含CO和H 2的进料气体通过至少两个具有冷却元件的连续的催化流化床阶段，其中在压力下将进料气体引入第一阶段， 在低于下一级的压力的压力下的后续阶段，并且从每个前一级产生的气体作为稀释气体被供给到下一阶段。 作为使用本发明的方法的结果，可以避免后续反应阶段中进料气体压缩的必要性，从而降低成本以及在该方法中遇到的技术难题。
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公开(公告)号：US4407974A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-04
申请号：US371265
申请日：1982-04-23
CPC分类号： C07C1/042 , B01J8/1836 , C07C1/048 , Y02P20/131
摘要： A method of catalytic conversion of feed gases, particularly of a low-sulphur gas mixture rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen, into a product gas mixture containing methane and/or higher hydrocarbons under high pressure includes the step of removing heat of reaction from the catalytic conversion from a reaction zone by feeding both water and steam to form a cooling medium through a pipe coil in the reaction zone. This forms superheated steam in the pipe coil and the superheated steam is then converted into another form of energy, for example in a turbo-generator. Preferably the reaction zone is a fluidized bed. For carrying out this method a reactor is used, which is preferably a fluidized bed reactor and in this reactor the piping system forming the superheater is disposed in the lower part of the reaction zone. The superheater is connected to a feedwater line and to a steam inlet line and a steam turbine is connected to a steam output line leading from the superheater.
摘要翻译： 将含有一氧化碳和氢的低硫气体混合物的进料气体特别是在高压下含有甲烷和/或高级烃的产物气体混合物的催化转化方法包括从催化剂中除去反应热的步骤 通过进料水和蒸汽从反应区转化成通过反应区中的管线形成冷却介质。 这在管线圈中形成过热蒸汽，然后将过热蒸汽转化成另一形式的能量，例如在涡轮发电机中。 优选地，反应区是流化床。 为了实施该方法，使用反应器，其优选为流化床反应器，并且在该反应器中，形成过热器的管道系统设置在反应区的下部。 过热器连接到给水管线和蒸汽入口管线，蒸汽轮机连接到从过热器引出的蒸汽输出管线。
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