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公开(公告)号：US06388799B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-14
申请号：US09432762
申请日：1999-11-03
申请人： Donald Dominic Arnone , Andrew James Shields , Richard Andrew Hogg , Craig Michael Ciesla , David Mark Whittaker , Edmund Harold Linfield , Alexander Giles Davies
发明人： Donald Dominic Arnone , Andrew James Shields , Richard Andrew Hogg , Craig Michael Ciesla , David Mark Whittaker , Edmund Harold Linfield , Alexander Giles Davies
IPC分类号： G02F0135
CPC分类号： H01S3/108 , G01N21/3581 , H01S1/02 , H01S3/109 , H01S3/1109
摘要： An optical device for efficient radiation emission having a modulation region with phase matching means (1) for enhancing the phase matching between two different frequency signals propagating in the optical modulation region (1) in response to illumination by at least one incident beam (7, 8), the phase matching means (1), having a spatial variation in its refractive index (5) along the path of the incident radiation beam (7, 8). The device may be configured as a radiation source comprising a frequency conversion member (C2) for emitting a beam of radiation (553) in response to irradiation by one or more input beams (507), the emitted beam (553) having a frequency different to that of the one or more input beams (507), the one or more input beams (507) all being produced within a lasing cavity (defined by M3, M4, M5, M6 and output coupler (523)) and said frequency conversion member (C2) being located within said lasing cavity. The invention also extends to an imaging system using the radiation source.
摘要翻译： 一种用于高效辐射发射的光学装置，其具有带有相位匹配装置（1）的调制区域，用于响应于至少一个入射光束（7,7）的光照而增强在光学调制区域（1）中传播的两个不同频率信号之间的相位匹配， 8），相位匹配装置（1）沿着入射辐射束（7,8）的路径具有其折射率（5）的空间变化。 该装置可以被配置为包括用于响应于一个或多个输入光束（507）的照射而发射辐射束（553）的频率转换部件（C2）的辐射源，发射的光束（553）具有不同的频率 与一个或多个输入光束（507）的输入光束（507）的一个或多个输入光束（507）全部在激光腔（由M3，M4，M5，M6和输出耦合器（523）定义）内产生，并且所述频率转换 构件（C2）位于所述激光腔内。 本发明还延伸到使用辐射源的成像系统。
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公开(公告)号：US06828558B1
公开(公告)日：2004-12-07
申请号：US10009249
申请日：2002-06-24
IPC分类号： G01J502
CPC分类号： G01N21/3581 , G01N21/49
摘要： A method and apparatus for imaging a sample, the method comprising the steps of: a) irradiating a sample to be imaged with a beam of pulsed electromagnetic radiation with a plurality of frequencies in the range from 25 GHz to 100 THz; b) detecting radiation which is both transmitted through and reflected from the sample; and c) generating an image of the sample from radiation detected in step (b). The method and apparatus can be used to generate a three-dimensional image of the sample and/or a compositional image of the sample.
摘要翻译： 一种用于对样品进行成像的方法和装置，所述方法包括以下步骤：a）用25GHz至100THz范围内的多个频率的脉冲电磁辐射束照射待成像样品; b）检测通过样品透射和反射的辐射; 以及c）从步骤（b）中检测到的辐射产生样品的图像。 该方法和装置可用于产生样品的三维图像和/或样品的组成图像。
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公开(公告)号：US08027709B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-27
申请号：US11011703
申请日：2004-12-14
CPC分类号： A61B5/0088 , A61B1/042 , A61B5/417 , A61B6/145 , A61B2562/0238 , A61B2562/085 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/3577 , G01N21/3581 , G01N21/49 , G01N21/59
摘要： A probe assembly for examining a sample, the assembly including a probe, a fiber optic cable for communicating signals to and/or from the probe, an emitter for emitting radiation to irradiate the sample and an electro-magnetic radiation detector for detecting radiation which is transmitted or reflected from the sample. The emitter includes a frequency conversion member which emits radiation in response to being irradiated with input radiation which has a different frequency to that of the emitted radiation. At least one of the emitter or detector is located in the probe. The probe is particularly for use as an endoscope or for imaging teeth. The invention also extends to a method of imaging teeth, and apparatus for imaging diseased teeth, for example, teeth with caries or suffering from periodontal disease.
摘要翻译： 用于检查样品的探针组件，包括探针的组件，用于将信号传送到探针和/或从探头传递信号的光纤电缆，用于发射辐射以照射样品的发射器和用于检测辐射的电磁辐射检测器 从样品透射或反射。 发射器包括频率转换构件，其响应于用与发射的辐射的频率不同的频率的输入辐射照射而发射辐射。 发射器或检测器中的至少一个位于探头中。 探头特别用作内窥镜或成像牙齿。 本发明还延伸到牙齿成像的方法，以及用于成像患病牙齿的装置，例如具有龋齿或患有牙周病的牙齿。
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公开(公告)号：US10076261B2
公开(公告)日：2018-09-18
申请号：US10220717
申请日：2001-03-05
CPC分类号： A61B5/05 , A61B5/0507 , A61B5/4547 , G01N21/3581 , G01N21/43 , G01N21/4795
摘要： A range of technique for investigating a sample such as obtaining images and/or spectral information are described. The techniques include a method for deriving structural information about a sample as a continuous function of the depth below the surface of the sample, a method for evaluating a part of the structure of a sample located between two interfaces within the sample, and a contrast enhancing method and apparatus which has a quick image acquisition time.
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公开(公告)号：US06958853B1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-25
申请号：US10089488
申请日：2000-09-27
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , G02F1/09 , G02F1/353 , G02F1/3556 , G02F2203/13 , H01Q3/2676 , H01Q15/00
摘要： A radiation source comprising a frequency conversion member (1) configured to emit a beam of emitted radiation (7) with at least one frequency in the range from 0.1 THz to 100 THz, in response to irradiation with an input beam (3) with a frequency different to that of the emitted radiation (7), the source being subjected to a magnetic field (9) which has a component parallel to that of the emitted beam of radiation (7). The radiation source may be optimised by using both the fluence of the input beam and the magnetic field or may comprise a magnetically doped frequency conversion member or also have means for applying an electric field.
摘要翻译： 一种辐射源，包括频率转换构件（1），其被配置成响应于用输入光束（3）的照射而发射具有在0.1THz至100THz范围内的至少一个频率的发射辐射束（7） 频率不同于发射辐射（7）的频率，源经受具有与发射的辐射束（7）的分量平行的分量的磁场（9）。 可以通过使用输入光束和磁场的能量密度来优化辐射源，或者可以包括磁掺杂的频率转换部件，或者也可以具有施加电场的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US06957099B1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-18
申请号：US09914081
申请日：2000-02-23
CPC分类号： G01N21/3586 , A61B5/0059 , A61B5/0088 , A61B5/0091 , A61B5/4509 , A61B5/7257
摘要： In an apparatus and method for imaging a sample: a) the sample to be imaged is irradiated with pulsed electro-magnetic radiation with a plurality of frequencies in the range from 50 GHz to 84 THz; b) an area of the sample is subdivided into a two dimensional array of pixels, and radiation from each pixel is detected over a plurality of frequencies; and c) an image is generated from the radiation detected in step (b) preferably using a frequency or a selection of frequencies from the plurality of frequencies in the pulsed electro-magnetic radiation. The method can be used as a medical imaging technique and can be used to image cancer tumours.
摘要翻译： 在用于对样品成像的装置和方法中：a）用50GHz至84THz范围内的多个频率的脉冲电磁辐射照射待成像的样品; b）样本的区域被细分为二维像素阵列，并且在多个频率上检测来自每个像素的辐射; 以及c）优选地使用来自脉冲电磁辐射中的多个频率的频率的频率或选择，从步骤（b）中检测到的辐射产生图像。 该方法可用作医学成像技术，可用于癌症肿瘤的成像。
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公开(公告)号：US07174037B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-06
申请号：US10220479
申请日：2001-02-28
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/4795 , G01N21/3581
摘要： An apparatus and method for imaging a sample, the apparatus including a source for irradiating a sample with a beam of substantially continuous electromagnetic radiation having a frequency in the range 25 GHz to 100 THz; means for subdividing an area of the sample which is to be imaged into a two dimensional array of pixels; means for detecting radiation from each pixel wherein the detector is configured to detect a phase dependent quantity of the detected radiation which is measured relative to the radiation which irradiates the sample.
摘要翻译： 一种用于对样本进行成像的装置和方法，所述装置包括用于用具有25GHz至100THz范围内的频率的基本上连续的电磁辐射束照射样品的源; 用于将待成像的样品的区域细分成二维像素阵列的装置; 用于检测来自每个像素的辐射的装置，其中所述检测器被配置为检测相对于照射所述样品的辐射测量的所述检测到的辐射的相位相关量。
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公开(公告)号：US07152007B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-19
申请号：US10732556
申请日：2003-12-09
IPC分类号： G01R23/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/3581 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/4795
摘要： A system for investigating a sample, the system including a detector having non-linear current voltage characteristics and being configured to mix two radiation signals having frequencies in the range from 25 GHz to 100 THz, one of the signals being a local oscillator signal and the other signal being a sample signal carrying information about the sample being investigated, the system further having a quantum cascade laser for providing at least the local oscillator signal.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调查样本的系统，所述系统包括具有非线性电流电压特性的检测器，并且被配置为混合具有在25GHz至100THz范围内的频率的两个辐射信号，所述信号中的一个是本地振荡器信号， 其他信号是携带关于正在研究的样本的信息的采样信号，该系统还具有用于至少提供本地振荡器信号的量子级联激光器。
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公开(公告)号：US06865014B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-08
申请号：US10240341
申请日：2001-03-29
CPC分类号： G01N21/3581
摘要： An apparatus for investigating a sample, the apparatus comprising an emitter (1) for irradiating the sample (27) with a beam of emitted electromagnetic radiation; and a detector (49) for detecting the radiation reflected from the sample, wherein there is an optically non-linear member (15) which functions as both an active part of the emitter and an active part of the detector, said emitter and detector using the same part of the optically non-linear member (15). The electromagnetic radiation is primarily intended to be in the terahertz (THz) frequency range.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调查样品的装置，该装置包括用于用发射的电磁辐射束照射样品（27）的发射体（1） 以及用于检测从样品反射的辐射的检测器（49），其中存在用作发射器的有源部分和检测器的有源部分的光学非线性部件（15），所述发射器和检测器使用 光学非线性构件（15）的相同部分。 电磁辐射主要是在太赫兹（THz）频率范围内。
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公开(公告)号：US07214940B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-08
申请号：US10466398
申请日：2002-01-16
CPC分类号： G01N21/3581 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/49 , G01N21/9508 , G02B26/101
摘要： An apparatus for investigating a sample comprising a source of a beam of radiation, a detector for detecting a beam of radiation reflected by or transmitted through a sample to be imaged, an optical subsystem for manipulating the beam between the source and detector and means for translating the optical subsystem along a first translation axis relative to the source and detector to scan the beam across the sample, wherein the source and the detector are on opposite sides of the subsystem and the beam from the source and the beam reflected or transmitted each enter and exit the subsystem in a direction parallel to the first direction of translation. The apparatus is also suitable for maintaining the relative phase of two beams of radiation, during translation of an optical subsystem.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调查包括辐射束源的样本的检测器，用于检测由要成像的样品反射或透射的要被成像的样品的辐射束的检测器，用于操纵源和检测器之间的光束的光学子系统和用于平移的装置 所述光学子系统沿着相对于所述源的第一平移轴和所述检测器扫描横跨所述样本的所述光束，其中所述源和所述检测器位于所述子系统的相对侧上，并且来自所述源的所述光束和所述反射或透射的光束每次进入和 在平行于第一个翻译方向的方向退出子系统。 该装置还适用于在光学子系统的平移过程中维持两束辐射的相对相位。
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