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公开(公告)号：US08485257B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-16
申请号：US12537056
申请日：2009-08-06
IPC分类号： E21B36/00
CPC分类号： E21B43/16 , C09K8/594 , C09K8/70 , C10G1/04 , C10G2300/4037 , E21B43/241 , Y02P20/544
摘要： Methods of extracting a hydrocarbon-based product from subsurface (oil) shale formations are provided. These methods rely on the use of an extraction fluid comprising pentane for facilitating the production of a mobile hydrocarbon-based product when the pentane contacts hydrocarbons in subsurface shale. The contacting process, and the subsequent process of recovering the mobile hydrocarbon-based product, is further enhanced by the methods of fracturing and/or rubblizing portions of the shale formation, so as to enhance their fluid permeability.
摘要翻译： 提供了从地下（油）页岩层中提取烃类产物的方法。 当戊烷与地下页岩中的烃接触时，这些方法依赖于使用包含戊烷的萃取流体来促进生产可移动烃基产物。 通过使页岩层的部分断裂和/或破碎的方法进一步提高了接触过程和随后的回收活性烃基产物的过程，以提高其流体渗透性。
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公开(公告)号：US20100032171A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-11
申请号：US12537056
申请日：2009-08-06
CPC分类号： E21B43/16 , C09K8/594 , C09K8/70 , C10G1/04 , C10G2300/4037 , E21B43/241 , Y02P20/544
摘要： The present invention is directed to methods of extracting a hydrocarbon-based product from subsurface (oil) shale formations, wherein such methods rely on the use of an extraction fluid comprising pentane for facilitating the production of a mobile hydrocarbon-based product when the pentane contacts hydrocarbons in subsurface shale. The contacting process, and the subsequent process of recovering the mobile hydrocarbon-based product, is further enhanced by the methods of fracturing and/or rubblizing portions of the shale formation, so as to enhance their fluid permeability.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从地下（油）页岩层中提取烃基产物的方法，其中这些方法依靠使用包含戊烷的萃取流体来促进在戊烷接触时生产可移动烃基产物 地下页岩中的碳氢化合物 通过使页岩层的部分断裂和/或破碎的方法进一步提高了接触过程和随后的回收活性烃基产物的过程，以提高其流体渗透性。
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3.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20110201702A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-18
申请号：US12857387
申请日：2010-08-16
IPC分类号： C07C27/00 , B01J23/78 , B01J21/02 , B01J21/06 , B01J23/745 , B01J23/889 , B01J23/89 , B01J23/86 , B01J23/83 , B01J23/80 , B01J35/02 , B01J35/10 , B01J37/08 , B01J37/03
CPC分类号： B01J37/031 , B01J23/745 , B01J23/78 , B01J29/40 , B01J35/0006 , B01J35/002 , B01J35/006 , B01J35/1019 , C10G2/334
摘要： A ferrihydrite catalyst composition can comprise a ferrihydrite of a structural promoter metal, a chemical promoter metal and potassium to form an amorphous nanoparticulate. The ferrihydrite catalyst can be formed by dissolving an iron salt, a structural promoter metal salt and a chemical promoter metal salt in water to form an aqueous iron solution. A ferrihydrite solid can be precipitated from the aqueous iron solution by addition of a precipitating agent under conditions such that the ferrihydrite solid is a nanoparticulate. A potassium can be incorporated into the ferrihydrite solid to form a ferrihydrite catalyst precursor. The ferrihydrite catalyst precursor can be calcined to form the ferrihydrite catalyst. A synthesis gas can be readily converted to a fuel product by contacting the ferrihydrite catalyst with the synthesis gas under reaction conditions sufficient to form a fuel product mixture.
摘要翻译： 铁水合物催化剂组合物可以包含结构促进剂金属的铁水合物，化学助催化剂金属和钾，以形成无定形纳米颗粒。 铁水合物催化剂可以通过将铁盐，结构助催化剂金属盐和化学促进剂金属盐溶解在水中形成铁水溶液来形成。 在铁水溶液固体为纳米颗粒的条件下，可通过加入沉淀剂从铁水溶液中析出铁水合物固体。 可将钾掺入铁水合物固体中以形成铁水合物催化剂前体。 铁水合物催化剂前体可以煅烧形成铁水合物催化剂。 通过在足以形成燃料产物混合物的反应条件下使铁水合物催化剂与合成气接触，可以容易地将合成气转化为燃料产物。
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公开(公告)号：US07429404B2
公开(公告)日：2008-09-30
申请号：US11215828
申请日：2005-08-29
IPC分类号： C23C16/40
CPC分类号： B01J35/002 , B01J23/462 , B01J23/745 , B01J23/75 , B01J23/8913 , B01J31/1625 , B01J37/0203 , B01J37/0209 , C10G2/33 , C10G2/332 , C23C18/1639 , C23C18/1651 , Y10T428/1259 , Y10T428/12611 , Y10T428/12806 , Y10T428/12875
摘要： A method for forming multi-metallic sites on a substrate is disclosed and described. A substrate including active groups such as hydroxyl can be reacted with a pretarget metal complex. The target metal attached to the active group can then be reacted with a secondary metal complex such that an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction occurs to form a multi-metallic species. The substrate can be a highly porous material such as aerogels, xerogels, zeolites, and similar materials. Additional metal complexes can be reacted to increase catalyst loading or control co-catalyst content. The resulting compounds can be oxidized to form oxides or reduced to form metals in the ground state which are suitable for practical use.
摘要翻译： 公开并描述了在基板上形成多金属部位的方法。 包括活性基团如羟基的底物可以与预靶金属络合物反应。 附着在活性基团上的靶金属然后可以与二次金属络合物反应，从而发生氧化还原（氧化还原）反应以形成多金属物质。 基底可以是高度多孔的材料，例如气凝胶，干凝胶，沸石和类似材料。 另外的金属络合物可以反应以增加催化剂负载量或控制助催化剂含量。 所得到的化合物可被氧化形成氧化物或还原形成处于基态的金属，这些金属适用于实际应用。
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公开(公告)号：US08435918B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-07
申请号：US11725168
申请日：2007-03-15
IPC分类号： B01J23/00 , B01J23/10 , B01J23/70 , B01J23/74 , B01J23/42 , B01J23/44 , B01J23/02 , B01J23/04 , B01J23/72 , B32B3/00 , B32B3/26
CPC分类号： C23C26/00 , B01J23/10 , B01J23/63 , B01J23/66 , B01J23/83 , B01J37/0211 , B01J37/0234 , B01J37/036 , Y02T50/67 , Y10T428/249967
摘要： Ceria-coated aerogels can include an aerogel support material having a stabilized ceria coating thereon. The ceria coating can be formed by solution or vapor deposition of alcogels or aerogels. Additional catalytic metal species can also be incorporated into the coating to form multi-metallic compounds having improved catalytic activity. Further, the ceria coated aerogels retain high surface areas at elevated temperatures. Thus, improvements in catalytic activity and thermal stability can be achieved using these ceria-coated composite aerogels.
摘要翻译： 二氧化铈涂覆的气凝胶可以包括其上具有稳定的二氧化铈涂层的气凝胶载体材料。 二氧化铈涂层可以通过溶胶或汽相淀积的凝胶或气凝胶形成。 还可以将另外的催化金属物质并入涂层中以形成具有改善的催化活性的多金属化合物。 此外，二氧化铈涂覆的气凝胶在高温下保持高表面积。 因此，可以使用这些二氧化铈涂覆的复合气凝胶来实现催化活性和热稳定性的改善。
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