公开(公告)号：US07041986B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-09

申请号：US10389110

申请日：2003-03-14

申请人： Govind Rao ,  Peter Harms ,  Iordan V. Kostov

发明人： Govind Rao ,  Peter Harms ,  Iordan V. Kostov

IPC分类号： G01N21/64

CPC分类号： G01N21/6408 ,  G01N2021/6432

摘要： The present invention provides methods for determining fluorescence lifetime of a fluorophor or an optical sensor using frequency domain gated detection. The method comprises the steps of exciting the fluorophor with frequency modulated light from a pulsed light source, gating a photodetector during excitation of the fluorophore, detecting light emitted from the fluorophor with the photodetector, where the emission light exhibits a phase shift in frequency from that of the excitation light, converting the detected excitation light to an amplified electric signal, and evaluating the amplified electric signal as a measure of fluorescence lifetime of the fluorophor. Also provided is a device with which to use the methods disclosed herein.

公开(公告)号：US07390462B2

公开(公告)日：2008-06-24

申请号：US10609720

申请日：2003-06-30

申请人： Govind Rao ,  Iordan V. Kostov ,  Haley R. Kermis ,  Peter Harms

发明人： Govind Rao ,  Iordan V. Kostov ,  Haley R. Kermis ,  Peter Harms

IPC分类号： G01N21/00 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/66 ,  G01N21/76 ,  G01N33/50 ,  G01N31/16 ,  G01N31/22 ,  G01J1/48

CPC分类号： G01N21/6428 ,  C09B57/001 ,  G01N31/221

摘要： The present invention provides ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors for non-invasive, continuous monitoring of pH in such applications as fermentation processes. The ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors comprise a fluorescent dye that exhibits a shift in excitation wavelength with a corresponding shift in pH in the local environment of said fluorescent dye. Ratiometric measurements of the emission intensities at dual excitation maxima correlate to pH. Also provided is a fluorescent dye 6-methacryloyl-8-hydroxy-1,3-pyrene disulfonic acid (MA-HPDS). Further provided are systems and methods to non-invasively and continuously monitor pH.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了比例式荧光pH传感器，用于在诸如发酵过程的应用中非侵入性，连续监测pH。 比例荧光pH传感器包括荧光染料，其在所述荧光染料的局部环境中具有相应的pH偏移的激发波长的移动。 双重激发最大值的发射强度的比例测量与pH相关。 还提供了6-甲基丙烯酰基-8-羟基-1,3-芘二磺酸荧光染料（MA-HPDS）。 还提供了非侵入性和连续监测pH的系统和方法。

公开(公告)号：US06426505B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-30

申请号：US09487275

申请日：2000-01-19

申请人： Govind Rao ,  Peter Harms

发明人： Govind Rao ,  Peter Harms

IPC分类号： G01N2164

CPC分类号： G01N21/6408

摘要： A low cost apparatus and method for measuring nanosecond luminescence lifetimes with a modulated LED light source that is driven by a lock-in amplifier. The lock-in amplifier provides both a DC bias and an AC signal used to modulate the intensity of an LED source light at a wavelength capable of exciting a photoluminescent species. Excitation of the photoluminescent species produces a corresponding emission. The emission, which can be detected in a variety of ways, was measured by a photomultiplier tube with the resulting signal being sent through a DC block back to the lock-in amplifier with no external signal processing or heterodyning required. The measuring process can be controlled by a computer through a GPIB, USB, serial or similar connection. The computer can also be used to correct for the most common sources of error, namely coherent pickup and stray ambient light. The apparatus without the computer has a component cost of less than US $10,000. Several standard fluorophores were measured with results comparable to research-grade cross-correlation phase fluorometers for frequencies up to 100 MHz. The apparatus is portable, consumes little power, and can be easily configured for use with fiber optics, making it ideal for use with fluorescence lifetime based sensors.

摘要翻译： 一种低成本的装置和方法，用于通过由锁定放大器驱动的调制LED光源来测量纳秒发光寿命。 锁定放大器提供DC偏压和AC信号，用于调制能够激发光致发光物质的波长的LED源光的强度。 激发光致发光物质产生相应的发射。 可以通过光电倍增管测量可以以各种方式检测的发射，其结果信号通过DC块发送回锁定放大器，无需外部信号处理或外插。 测量过程可以由计算机通过GPIB，USB，串行或类似连接来控制。 计算机也可用于校正最常见的误差源，即相干拾取和杂散环境光。 没有计算机的设备的部件成本低于10,000美元。 测量几种标准荧光团，结果与研究级互相关荧光计相当，频率高达100 MHz。 该设备是便携式的，消耗很少的功率，并且可以容易地配置为与光纤配合使用，使其成为使用基于荧光寿命的传感器的理想选择。

公开(公告)号：US20050090014A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-28

申请号：US10609720

申请日：2003-06-30

申请人： Govind Rao ,  Iordan Kostov ,  Haley Kermis ,  Peter Harms

发明人： Govind Rao ,  Iordan Kostov ,  Haley Kermis ,  Peter Harms

IPC分类号： G01N21/64 ,  G01N31/22

CPC分类号： G01N21/6428 ,  C09B57/001 ,  G01N31/221

摘要： The present invention provides ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors for non-invasive, continuous monitoring of pH in such applications as fermentation processes. The ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors comprise a fluorescent dye that exhibits a shift in excitation wavelength with a corresponding shift in pH in the local environment of said fluorescent dye. Ratiometric measurements of the emission intensities at dual excitation maxima correlate to pH. Also provided is a fluorescent dye 6-methacryloyl-8-hydroxy-1,3-pyrene disulfonic acid (MA-HPDS). Further provided are systems and methods to non-invasively and continuously monitor pH.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了比例式荧光pH传感器，用于在诸如发酵过程的应用中非侵入性，连续监测pH。 比例荧光pH传感器包括荧光染料，其在所述荧光染料的局部环境中具有相应的pH偏移的激发波长的移动。 双重激发最大值的发射强度的比例测量与pH相关。 还提供了6-甲基丙烯酰基-8-羟基-1,3-芘二磺酸荧光染料（MA-HPDS）。 还提供了非侵入性和连续监测pH的系统和方法。

公开(公告)号：US09560974B2

公开(公告)日：2017-02-07

申请号：US13539067

申请日：2012-06-29

申请人： Leah Tolosa ,  Hung Lam ,  Yordan Kostov ,  Steven M Falk ,  Govind Rao

发明人： Leah Tolosa ,  Hung Lam ,  Yordan Kostov ,  Steven M Falk ,  Govind Rao

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/01

CPC分类号： A61B5/01 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/6832 ,  A61B5/74 ,  A61B2503/045

摘要： A noninvasive remote parameter sensor and sensing method is provided that is particularly suited for the remote monitoring of skin temperature. The sensor and sensing method utilize luminescence-based sensors that are non-toxic and non-irritating to the skin. The sensor preferably utilizes one or more types of fluorophores that are embedded in a soft hydrogel. The sensor is illuminated with excitation light, and temperature is monitored by detecting and analyzing the emission light from the fluorophores. Because a soft hydrogel is used, the sensor can be gently wiped off the skin at the conclusion of temperature measurements.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种非侵入式远程参数传感器和感测方法，特别适用于远程监测皮肤温度。 传感器和感测方法利用基于发光的传感器，其对皮肤无毒且无刺激性。 传感器优选地使用嵌入软水凝胶中的一种或多种类型的荧光团。 传感器用激发光照亮，通过检测和分析来自荧光团的发射光来监测温度。 因为使用软水凝胶，所以在温度测量结束时，传感器可以轻轻地从皮肤上擦去。

公开(公告)号：US09538944B2

公开(公告)日：2017-01-10

申请号：US13823903

申请日：2011-09-30

申请人： Govind Rao ,  Yordan Kostov ,  Xudong Ge ,  Leah Tolosa ,  Hyung Woo ,  Rose Viscardi

发明人： Govind Rao ,  Yordan Kostov ,  Xudong Ge ,  Leah Tolosa ,  Hyung Woo ,  Rose Viscardi

IPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/6807 ,  A61B5/6829

摘要： A non-invasive gas analyte sensing and monitoring system and method is provided that is particularly applicable to transcutaneous monitoring of arterial blood gases in a mammal. The system and method relies on diffusion of the analyte to be measured into a diffusion chamber and remote sensing of the analyte in the diffusion chamber using optical chemical sensors and associated optoelectronics.

摘要翻译： 提供一种非侵入性气体分析物感测和监测系统和方法，其特别适用于哺乳动物的动脉血气的经皮监测。 该系统和方法依赖于待测量分析物扩散到扩散室中，并使用光学化学传感器和相关联的光电子学来远程检测扩散室中的分析物。

公开(公告)号：US20110235041A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-29

申请号：US13001416

申请日：2009-06-29

申请人： Govind Rao ,  Yordan Kostov

发明人： Govind Rao ,  Yordan Kostov

IPC分类号： G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/59

CPC分类号： G01N21/00 ,  G08B21/12 ,  G08B25/10

摘要： A wireless sensor system is provided that utilizes reliable, small, inexpensive and low power-consuming sensor nodes for monitoring environmental parameters that can communicate through wireless transmitters to a base station. The sensor nodes preferably incorporate anti-biofouling protection, so as to withstand continuous field deployment in streams and/or riparian areas.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种无线传感器系统，其利用可靠，小型，廉价和低功耗的传感器节点来监视可通过无线发射机与基站进行通信的环境参数。 传感器节点优选地结合抗生物污损保护，以便承受流和/或河岸区域中的连续现场部署。

公开(公告)号：US07041493B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-09

申请号：US10733412

申请日：2003-12-12

申请人： Govind Rao

发明人： Govind Rao

IPC分类号： C12M1/34

CPC分类号： G01N21/253 ,  C12M23/12 ,  C12M41/26 ,  C12M41/32 ,  C12M41/34 ,  G01N21/643 ,  G01N21/6452 ,  G01N21/76 ,  G01N21/82 ,  G01N33/52 ,  G01N2021/6482

摘要： The inventive bioprocessing system (and technique) relies on non-invasive optical chemical sensing technology wherein an optical excitation source excites an optical chemical sensor. The optical chemical sensor then emits luminescence or absorbs light which is measured by a detector. The luminescence emitted from the chemical sensor or the amount of light absorbed by the chemical sensor is related to the concentration of an analyte, such as oxygen. If the luminescence emitted changes, or if the amount of light absorbed changes, then the concentration of the analyte has changed. Using such a system to measure and adjust multiple parameters at one time allows one to efficiently and cost-effectively determine optimal conditions for a given cell type and/or cell environment, for example. By combining cell cultivation with optical chemical sensing technology, cultivation can be successfully and rapidly performed, controlled and monitored in small volumes in an automated, parallel fashion at less expense than current bioprocess techniques.

公开(公告)号：US09388373B2

公开(公告)日：2016-07-12

申请号：US13823911

申请日：2012-03-08

申请人： Govind Rao ,  Yordan Kostov ,  Leah Tolosa ,  Lam Hung ,  Xudong Ge ,  Douglas Frey ,  Virendra Singh

发明人： Govind Rao ,  Yordan Kostov ,  Leah Tolosa ,  Lam Hung ,  Xudong Ge ,  Douglas Frey ,  Virendra Singh

IPC分类号： C12M1/40 ,  C12M1/00 ,  C12M1/36

CPC分类号： C12M21/14 ,  B01D15/327 ,  B01D15/361 ,  B01D15/3847 ,  C07K1/34 ,  C07K1/36 ,  C12M21/18 ,  C12M29/04 ,  C12M41/34 ,  C12M41/48 ,  C12M43/00 ,  C12M47/12

摘要： A bioprocessing system for protein manufacturing is provided that is compact, integrated and suited for on-demand production and delivery of therapeutic proteins to patients. The system can also be used for efficient on-demand production of any type of protein.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于蛋白质制造的生物处理系统，其紧凑，集成并适合于按需生产和递送治疗性蛋白质给患者。 该系统还可用于任何类型蛋白质的按需生产。

公开(公告)号：US5628310A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-13

申请号：US444927

申请日：1995-05-19

申请人： Govind Rao ,  Henryk Szmacinski ,  Joseph R. Lakowicz

发明人： Govind Rao ,  Henryk Szmacinski ,  Joseph R. Lakowicz

IPC分类号： G01N21/64 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B10/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/1459 ,  A61B5/0017 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14539

摘要： An apparatus and method to enable minimally invasive transdermal measurements of the fluorescence lifetime of an implanted element without reagent consumption and not requiring painful blood sampling. The monitoring apparatus displays the quantity of a selected substance present in the skin and stores the data in memory. The stored information can be transmitted via modem, or antenna, to a master station for diagnostic purposes or clinical evaluation. The use of this method and apparatus improves control of blood monitoring, and therefore, enhances long-term disease management with fewer complications.

摘要翻译： 一种能够进行植入元件的荧光寿命的微创透皮测量而不需要试剂消耗并且不需要痛苦的血液取样的装置和方法。 监视装置显示皮肤中存在的选定物质的量并将数据存储在存储器中。 存储的信息可以通过调制解调器或天线传送到主站用于诊断目的或临床评估。 这种方法和装置的使用改善了对血液监测的控制，因此以更少的并发症增强了长期的疾病管理。