公开(公告)号：US4351972A

公开(公告)日：1982-09-28

申请号：US296328

申请日：1981-08-26

申请人： Hans K. Kubbeler ,  Heinz Erpenbach ,  Klaus Gehrmann ,  Klaus Schmitz

发明人： Hans K. Kubbeler ,  Heinz Erpenbach ,  Klaus Gehrmann ,  Klaus Schmitz

IPC分类号： C07C17/00 ,  B01J31/00 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C17/093 ,  C07C17/363 ,  C07C19/07 ,  C07C51/00 ,  C07C51/09 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C19/02

CPC分类号： C07C17/093

摘要： The invention relates to the production of anhydrous alkyl iodides. To this end, carboxylic acid alkyl esters of the formula R.sup.1 COOR.sup.2, in which R.sup.1 stands for hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 stands for an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, are reacted with iodine and hydrogen and optionally with carbon monoxide in the presence of compounds of noble metals comprised of rhodium, iridium, palladium or ruthenium as catalyst, and of a heterocyclic aromatic compound, in which at least one hetero atom is a quaternary nitrogen atom, or of a quaternary organophosphorus compound as a promoter, and optionally also in the presence of a carboxylic acid having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and/or its anhydrides. The reaction is effected under practically anhydrous conditions at temperatures of from 350 to 420 K. and under a total pressure of up to 30 bars.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及无水烷基碘化物的生产。 为此，式R1COOR2的羧酸烷基酯（其中R1代表氢或具有1至8个碳原子的烷基或芳基，R2代表具有1至4个碳原子的烷基）与 碘和氢，以及任选地与一氧化碳在由铑，铱，钯或钌作为催化剂组成的贵金属的化合物和杂环芳族化合物存在下，其中至少一个杂原子是季氮原子，或 作为促进剂的季有机磷化合物，以及任选地还可以在具有1至8个碳原子的羧酸和/或其酸酐存在下进行。 反应在几乎无水条件下在350至420K的温度下进行，总压力高达30巴。

公开(公告)号：US4333884A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-08

申请号：US191702

申请日：1980-09-29

申请人： Hans-Klaus Kubbeler ,  Heinz Erpenbach ,  Klaus Gehrmann ,  Klaus Schmitz

发明人： Hans-Klaus Kubbeler ,  Heinz Erpenbach ,  Klaus Gehrmann ,  Klaus Schmitz

IPC分类号： C07C53/12 ,  B01J27/00 ,  B01J31/00 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C51/00 ,  C07C51/54 ,  C07C51/56 ,  C07C67/00

CPC分类号： C07C51/54 ,  C07C51/56

摘要： The invention relates to an improved process for making acetic anhydride by reacting methyl acetate and/or dimethylether with carbon monoxide under practically anhydrous conditions, at temperatures of 350 to 575 K., under pressures of 1 to 300 bars, and in the presence of a catalyst system containing noble metals belonging to group VIII of the periodic system of the elements, or compounds thereof, iodine and/or its compounds, and an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. The improved process is effected in the presence of a catalyst system containing, as additional ingredients, a heterocyclic aromatic compound, in which at least one hetero atom is a quaternary nitrogen atom, or a quaternary organophosphorus compound, and a zirconium compound being soluble in the reaction mixture.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过使甲酸乙酯和/或二甲基醚与一氧化碳在几乎无水的条件下在350至575K的温度下在1-300巴的压力下反应制备乙酸酐的改进方法，并且在 含有属于元素周期系的VIII族的贵金属或其化合物，碘和/或其化合物以及具有1至8个碳原子的脂族羧酸的催化剂体系。 改进的方法是在催化剂体系存在下进行的，所述催化剂体系含有作为附加成分的杂环芳族化合物，其中至少一个杂原子是季氮原子，或季有机磷化合物，和锆化合物可溶于 反应混合物。

公开(公告)号：US08113323B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-14

申请号：US11827811

申请日：2007-07-13

申请人： Hubert Beck ,  Klaus Schmitz

发明人： Hubert Beck ,  Klaus Schmitz

IPC分类号： B60G17/00

CPC分类号： B60G17/044 ,  F16F9/063 ,  F16F9/092

摘要： An oil-filled working cylinder is divided into first and second working spaces by a working piston, the first working space being connected to a high pressure chamber. A piston pump includes a pump rod received in a pump cylinder formed by the hollow piston rod, the pump rod having a bore connected to a low pressure chamber via a discharge valve, a distal end provided with a suction valve, and a down-regulating opening connecting the bore to the first working space as a function of the position of the working piston, the pump cylinder being connected to the first working space by an outlet valve. At least one of the valves is a check valve including a housing having a bore, a ball reciprocably guided in the bore by guide ribs, and a resilient retaining element capturing the ball in the bore and spring-loading the ball toward a valve seat.

摘要翻译： 充油工作缸通过工作活塞分为第一和第二工作空间，第一工作空间连接到高压室。 活塞泵包括容纳在由中空活塞杆形成的泵缸中的泵杆，泵杆具有经由排出阀连接到低压室的孔，设置有吸入阀的远端和下调 根据工作活塞的位置将孔连接到第一工作空间，泵缸通过出口阀连接到第一工作空间。 阀中的至少一个是止回阀，其包括具有孔的壳体，通过引导肋在孔中可往复引导的球，以及将球捕获在孔中并将球弹簧加载到阀座的弹性保持元件。

公开(公告)号：US08042791B2

公开(公告)日：2011-10-25

申请号：US11725263

申请日：2007-03-19

申请人： Klaus Schmitz ,  Roland Krupp

发明人： Klaus Schmitz ,  Roland Krupp

IPC分类号： F16F9/14

CPC分类号： F16F9/5126 ,  F16F9/092 ,  Y10S267/02

摘要： Self-pumping hydropneumatic shock absorber with internal level control, with an oil-filled working cylinder under the pressure of gas cushions and with a damping piston, which is attached to the end of a hollow piston rod and can slide back and forth in the working cylinder, the hollow space in the piston rod serving as the pump space of a pump rod attached to the working cylinder. Oil is drawn from a reservoir space when the piston rod travels outward and into the working space when the piston rod travels inward, and where a control opening is provided in the pump rod to compensate for pressure differences between the working spaces. At least one throttle acting as a function of pressure is provided in the pump space between the high-pressure gas cushion and the low-pressure gas cushion.

摘要翻译： 具有内部液位控制的自吸液压气动减震器，在气垫的压力下具有充油工作缸，并具有阻尼活塞，其连接到中空活塞杆的端部并且可以在工作中来回滑动 活塞杆中的中空空间用作连接到工作缸的泵杆的泵空间。 当活塞杆向内移动时，活塞杆向外移动并进入工作空间，并且在泵杆中设置控制开口以补偿工作空间之间的压力差时，油从储存空间抽出。 作为压力的函数的至少一个节气门设置在高压气垫和低压气垫之间的泵空间中。

公开(公告)号：US20090033009A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-05

申请号：US12221222

申请日：2008-07-31

申请人： Holger Kirchner ,  Klaus Schmitz ,  Hubert Beck

发明人： Holger Kirchner ,  Klaus Schmitz ,  Hubert Beck

IPC分类号： F16F9/18

CPC分类号： B60G17/044 ,  B60G15/12 ,  B60G2202/152 ,  B60G2202/242 ,  F16F9/092 ,  F16F9/512

摘要： A self-pumping hydropneumatic spring-damper unit with internal leveling control is provided. The spring-damper unit has an oil-filled work cylinder under pressure by gas cushions. A damping piston is displaceable in the work cylinder and arranged at the end of a hollow piston rod whose hollow space serves to receive a pump by means of a pump rod fastened to the work cylinder. Damping medium is sucked out of a reservoir space when the piston rod moves outward and is conveyed into the work space when the piston rod moves inward. The pump rod has a control opening and, at a distance therefrom, an outlet bore for pressure equilibrium between work spaces in the work cylinder. At least one pressure-dependent throttle point is provided in the pump space between the high-pressure and low-pressure gas cushions. A first flow connection in the pump rod provided with at least one check valve connects the low-pressure gas cushion to the pump space. A second flow connection having the throttle point is connected to the work space by the outlet bore.

摘要翻译： 提供了具有内部调平控制的自抽水合气动弹簧阻尼器单元。 弹簧阻尼器单元具有通过气垫压力的充油工作缸。 阻尼活塞可在工作缸中移动并且布置在空心活塞杆的端部，其中空空间用于通过固定到工作缸的泵杆接收泵。 当活塞杆向外移动时，阻尼介质从储存空间吸出，并且当活塞杆向内移动时被传送到工作空间。 泵杆具有控制开口，并且与其距离一定距离处有用于工作缸中的工作空间之间的压力平衡的出口孔。 在高压和低压气垫之间的泵空间中提供至少一个压力相关的节流点。 设置有至少一个止回阀的泵杆中的第一流动连接将低压气垫连接到泵空间。 具有节流点的第二流动连接通过出口孔连接到工作空间。

公开(公告)号：US06421503B2

公开(公告)日：2002-07-16

申请号：US09859788

申请日：2001-05-17

申请人： Siegfried Grob ,  Joachim Scherzer ,  Klaus Schmitz ,  Walter Dieudonné

发明人： Siegfried Grob ,  Joachim Scherzer ,  Klaus Schmitz ,  Walter Dieudonné

IPC分类号： H05B300

CPC分类号： H05B3/44 ,  H05B3/0066 ,  H05B3/145 ,  H05B2203/032

摘要： A radiation system has at least two elongated envelope tubes permeable to light and infrared radiation which are joined together and sealed from the ambient atmosphere, a first envelope tube of which contains an incandescent coil which is electrically connected through sealed tube ends and external contacts to an external power supply and emits infrared radiation in the near IR range; furthermore, at least a second envelope tube is provided which has an elongated carbon strip as an infrared radiator for radiation in the medium IR range, which is likewise connected through sealed ends and external contacts with the external power supply or with an additional external power supply. Preferably a carbon strip is used as the radiator strip, which is configured either as an elongated coil or forms an elongated strip. It is thus possible to produce both infrared radiation in the near IR range and infrared radiation in the medium IR range, so that in the case, for example, of the surface application of paints both paint pigments and pigment solvents can be rapidly vaporized and dried.

公开(公告)号：US06892695B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-17

申请号：US10860309

申请日：2004-06-04

申请人： Klaus Schmitz ,  Stephan Rubbert ,  Martin Berckmueller

发明人： Klaus Schmitz ,  Stephan Rubbert ,  Martin Berckmueller

IPC分类号： F02B17/00 ,  F02B23/10 ,  F02B31/00 ,  F02B31/02 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02F1/42 ,  F02F3/26 ,  F02M61/06 ,  F02M61/14 ,  F02M61/18

CPC分类号： F02B17/005 ,  F02B23/104 ,  F02B23/105 ,  F02B31/00 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02F3/26 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y02T10/146

摘要： In an internal combustion engine having direct injection and spark ignition, charging air is introduced in stratified charge operation through one of two valve-controlled intake channels into a cylinder having a roof-like cylinder head end and a piston having a piston head with a recess oriented toward the intake side. The charging air is introduced forms a swirl flow, into which fuel is introduced. To avoid fuel accumulation on the recess wall, a strong swirl flow with a compact swirl core is achieved through a flow-optimized filling channel, with the swirl core being held in a fixed position in a rotor recess at the latest in the second section of the stroke of the piston toward top dead center such that fuel introduced into the swirl core with a relatively late end of the injection is supplied to an ignition device due to the piston movement toward top dead center.

摘要翻译： 在具有直接喷射和火花点火的内燃机中，通过两个阀控制的进气通道中的一个将带电空气通过分层充气操作引入具有屋顶状气缸头端部的气缸中，并且具有活塞头的活塞具有凹部 朝向进气侧。 引入的加注空气形成涡流，引入燃料。 为了避免在凹陷壁上的燃料积聚，通过流动优化的填充通道实现具有紧凑的涡流芯的强烈的涡流，最后在第二部分中的涡流芯保持在转子凹槽中的固定位置 活塞朝向上止点的行程，使得由于活塞向上止点移动而将引入相对较晚的喷射端的涡流芯中的燃料供应到点火装置。

公开(公告)号：US5276763A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-04

申请号：US949334

申请日：1992-09-22

申请人： Wolfgang Gobel ,  Klaus Schmitz ,  Wolfgang Wild

发明人： Wolfgang Gobel ,  Klaus Schmitz ,  Wolfgang Wild

IPC分类号： H05B3/44 ,  F24C7/04 ,  G02B1/00 ,  G02B1/10

CPC分类号： H05B3/44

摘要： In infrared radiators whose heater is disposed in an envelope tube of transparent or opaque fused vitreous silica, radiation losses can be reduced by a reflective coating, for example of gold, placed on the envelope tube. To improve the thermal stability of the reflective coating, a protective coating of zirconium, silicon and/or tin dioxide is proposed. The protective coating can be made by using thermally degradable organic zirconium, silicon and/or tin compounds.

摘要翻译： 在其加热器设置在透明或不透明的熔融玻璃状二氧化硅的封套管中的红外线辐射器中，可以通过放置在信封管上的反射涂层（例如金）来减少辐射损失。 为了提高反射涂层的热稳定性，提出了锆，硅和/或二氧化锡的保护涂层。 保护涂层可以通过使用可热降解的有机锆，硅和/或锡化合物来制备。

公开(公告)号：US5220774A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-22

申请号：US659095

申请日：1991-02-22

申请人： Jorg Harbeke ,  Klaus Schmitz

发明人： Jorg Harbeke ,  Klaus Schmitz

IPC分类号： A01D34/73 ,  A01D34/416

CPC分类号： A01D34/4168 ,  Y10T428/2973 ,  Y10T428/2975 ,  Y10T428/2978 ,  Y10T428/298

摘要： The invention is directed to a cutting filament for a vegetation cutter. The vegetation cutter includes a drive motor which sets the cutting filament in motion thereby producing noise. The cutting filament extends substantially radially outwardly because of the centrifugal force. The cutting filament reduces noise especially at high rotational speeds and thus also at high peripheral speeds. This is achieved in that the cutting filament is configured to have a cross section not having point symmetry. The cutting filament preferably has at least one slot and/or protrusion formed in the surface thereof to extend in the longitudinal direction. The slot and/or protrusion can, for example, be formed so as to follow a helical path with respect to the longitudinal axis of the filament or it can extend parallel to this axis.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于植被切割机的切割细丝。 植被切割机包括驱动马达，其将切割细丝设置成运动，从而产生噪音。 由于离心力，切割丝基本上径向向外延伸。 切割长丝可以降低噪音，特别是在高旋转速度下，因此也可以在高周边速度下降低噪音。 这是通过切割细丝构造成具有不具有点对称性的横截面来实现的。 切割丝优选在其表面上形成有至少一个在纵向方向上延伸的槽和/或突起。 狭缝和/或突起可以例如形成为相对于灯丝的纵向轴线的螺旋路径，或者可以平行于该轴线延伸。

公开(公告)号：US08381400B2

公开(公告)日：2013-02-26

申请号：US12498568

申请日：2009-07-07

申请人： Hubert Beck ,  Klaus Schmitz

发明人： Hubert Beck ,  Klaus Schmitz

IPC分类号： B21D53/10

CPC分类号： F16K15/046 ,  Y10T29/49405 ,  Y10T29/49409 ,  Y10T29/49416 ,  Y10T29/49426 ,  Y10T137/791

摘要： A check valve includes a housing, a bore, and a liftably movable valve body which is spring-loaded at least after a small axial travel of the valve body and tightly contacts a valve seat. The bore is constructed as a stepped bore, the bore section of smaller diameter having the valve seat, and the bore section of larger diameter receiving the liftably movable valve member. A ball which is held captive by a holding element arranged in the bore is provided as valve body. The valve seat has a contour corresponding to the valve body in the area of the contact surface of the valve body.

摘要翻译： 止回阀包括壳体，孔和可升降的可移动的阀体，其至少在阀体的小的轴向移动之后弹簧加载并且紧密接触阀座。 孔被构造为阶梯孔，具有阀座的较小直径的孔部分和更大直径的孔部分接收可升降的可动阀构件。 被设置在孔中的保持元件保持的球被设置为阀体。 在阀体的接触表面的区域中，阀座具有对应于阀体的轮廓。