摘要:
A polishing solution for metal comprises a specific compound represented and an oxidizing agent. A chemical mechanical polishing method for a semiconductor substrate, comprises: supplying a polishing solution for metal comprising a specific compound; and an oxidizing agent; allowing a polishing face and a face to be polished to be moved relatively to each other while the polishing face and the face to be polished are in contact with each other via the polishing solution for metal; and performing polishing with a contact pressure between the polishing face and the face to be polished in the range of from 1000 to 25000 Pa.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, an endless intermediate transfer member having a transport surface and being tensioned to transport a developer image, transferred from the image carrier to the intermediate transfer member, from a first transfer position to a second transfer position, a first transfer member that brings the intermediate transfer member in contact with the image carrier and transfers a developer image present on the image carrier to the intermediate transfer member at the first transfer position, a second transfer member that transfers the developer image to a recording medium at the second transfer position, a position adjusting member that adjusts a position of the transport surface of the intermediate transfer member downstream of the first transfer position, and a controller that controls the position adjusting member responsively to a type of the recoding medium to which the second transfer member transfers the developer image.
摘要:
A transfer apparatus includes a transfer belt that conveys a toner image which has been transferred to an outer periphery face thereof; a transfer member that, at a contact portion, causes the toner image to be transferred from the outer periphery face of the transfer belt to a recording medium; an opposing roller that is disposed to oppose the transfer member at an inner periphery side of the transfer belt; an opposing belt that is wound round the opposing roller; and a tension member that is disposed at an upstream side of a conveyance direction of the transfer belt relative to the opposing roller, the opposing belt being wound round the tension member, and the tension member causing the opposing belt to touch against the inner side of the transfer belt at the upstream side relative to the contact portion.
摘要:
A wastewater treatment control system for controlling a wastewater treatment of using a microorganism that can degrade a specific compound, comprises measuring a specific value corresponding to a concentration of the specific compound in wastewater, and controlling the wastewater treatment on the basis of the specific value.
摘要:
An electronic component placement machine and an electronic component placement method are disclosed. A takeout and transfer head, provided on rotary chip takeout and transfer mechanism, removes a chip from a feeder and flips it. A placement head receives the flipped chip and places it onto a board. An image of the chip at a pre-centering recognition position is captured during a takeout and transfer operation, during which the takeout and transfer head transfers the chip to the placement head at a receiving position, so as to recognize the position. Based on this positional recognition result, the chip and the placement head are positioned by controlling a placement head driving mechanism. Moreover, the takeout and transfer head is rotated to a position which does not hinder image capturing of the electronic component for placement positioning.
摘要:
In a bonding tool which bonds a component to a substrate by urging and vibration, a through hole is formed in the horn. An adhesion section is fit into a lower section of the hole and an engaging section is fit into an upper section of the hole, so that a sealed inner space is formed inside the hole by tightening an outer screw. An adhesion hole open to a bonding section communicates with a sucking hole of the horn via the inner space, so that a simply structured vacuum-adhesion-system can be formed. This mechanics does not loose replaceablility of the adhesion section detachable to the horn. As a result, the adhesion section can be replaceable as an independent part (urging terminal), and a bonding apparatus as well as a bonding tool having the simply structured vacuum-adhesion-system can be provided.
摘要:
A color image formation method is disclosed, comprising developing a photographed silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material, photoelectrically reading the image information obtained to convert it into a digital image information, and taking out the digital image information to a printer, wherein the development processing is performed under the condition satisfying at least one of the following conditions (1) to (4): (1) the color developing agent concentration in the color developer is from 0.02 to 0.2 mol/l; (2) the bromide ion concentration in the color developer is from 0.015 to 0.1 mol/l; (3) the color development time is from 45 seconds to 2 minutes; and (4) the color development temperature is from 40 to 55° C.
摘要:
In a processing method wherein, after a silver halide color photographic material is subjected to color development, the silver halide color photographic material is desilvered and then washed and/or stabilized, a photographic material that has at least one high-silver chloride emulsion layer, and in which at least one emulsion layer contains a monodisperse emulsion, is rapidly processed with a color developer having a water-soluble high polymer compound. The coating amount of silver of the said silver halide color photographic material is preferably 0.75 g/m2 or less, and the color developer contains chloride ions in an amount of 0.035 mol/liter or more. In continuous and rapid processing, fluctuations of photographic properties (particularly changes in sensitivity and gradation) are remarkably reduced, the ununiformity of developed density is remarkably improved, and the occurrence of a deposit on a processing tank wall surface is prevented.
摘要翻译:在其中,在卤化银彩色照相材料进行显色后,将卤化银彩色照相材料脱溶剂洗涤和/或稳定的处理方法中,具有至少一种高氯化银乳剂层的照相材料, 并且其中至少一个乳剂层含有单分散乳液,用具有水溶性高分子化合物的显色剂快速加工。 所述卤化银彩色照相材料的银的涂布量优选为0.75g / m 2以下,彩色显影剂含有0.035mol / l以上的氯离子。 在连续和快速的处理中,照相特性(特别是灵敏度和灰度变化)的波动显着降低,显影浓度的不均匀性显着提高,并且防止了在处理罐壁表面上的沉积。
摘要:
An optical deflection device for deflecting light by a mirror mounted on the tip of a rod-like torsion spring which oscillates at near resonance frequency. An optical deflection device which produces a large amplitude by exerting control to avoid variation in the natural oscillation frequency of the torsion spring (including mirror) regardless of temperature fluctuation.
摘要:
An overhead projector provides an unobstructed view of projected images by minimizing the vertical dimension of the projector and provides sufficient brightness of projected images by minimizing the loss of light. The light emitted from a light source housed in the body of the projector is reflected by a first reflection mirror and directed, through a transparent stage on which a transparent original is placed, to a second reflection mirror. Meanwhile, on the transparent stage, the principal ray axis of the light beam forms an angle .theta. with respect to the center axis of the surface of the transparent original. After reaching the second reflection mirror and being reflected thereby, the light is condensed into a projection lens unit, and is projected therefrom onto a screen to form thereon an image of the transparent original.