摘要:
In an OFDM system, multiple (M) interlaces are defined for M non-overlapping sets of frequency subbands, and M slots with fixed indices are also defined. Data streams and pilot are mapped to slots, which are in turn mapped to interlaces based on a slot-to-interlace mapping scheme that can achieve frequency diversity and good performance for all slots. At a transmitter, a slot-to-interlace converter maps the slots to the interlaces. The slot-to-interlace converter includes multiple multiplexers and a control unit. The multiplexers map the M slots to the M interlaces based on the slot-to-interlace mapping scheme. The control unit generates at least one control signal for the multiplexers. The multiplexers may be arranged and controlled in various manners depending on the slot-to-interlace mapping scheme. At a receiver, a complementary interlace-to-slot converter maps the interlaces to the slots.
摘要:
An FFT engine implementing a cycle count method of applying twiddle multiplications in multi-stages. When implementing a multistage FFT, the intermediate values need to be multiplied by various twiddle factors. The FFT engine utilizes a minimal number of multipliers to perform the twiddle multiplications in an efficient pipeline. Optimizing a number of complex multipliers based on an FFT radix and a number of values in each row of memory allows the FFT function to be performed using a reasonable amount of area and in a minimal number of cycles. Strategic ordering and grouping of the values allows the FFT operation to be performed in a fewer number of cycles.
摘要:
A wind powered turbine with low voltage ride-through capability. An inverter is connected to the output of a turbine generator. The generator output is conditioned by the inverter resulting in an output voltage and current at a frequency and phase angle appropriate for transmission to a three-phase utility grid. A frequency and phase angle sensor is connected to the utility grid operative during a fault on the grid. A control system is connected to the sensor and to the inverter. The control system output is a current command signal enabling the inverter to put out a current waveform, which is of the same phase and frequency as detected by the sensor. The control system synthesizes current waveform templates for all three-phases based on a sensed voltage on one phase and transmits currents to all three-phases of the electrical system based on the synthesized current waveforms.
摘要:
Channel estimation in a spectrally shaped wireless communication system in which an initial frequency response estimate is obtained for a first set of P uniformly spaced subbands (1) based on pilot symbols received on a second set of subbands used for pilot transmission and (2) using extrapolation and/or interpolation. A channel impulse response estimate is obtained by performing an IFFT on a frequency response estimate. The number of taps in the channel impulse response can be truncated to a predetermined number of taps determined based on an operating mode of the second set of P uniformly spaced subbands. The energy of each tap value remaining after truncation can be compared to a predetermined threshold and modified based on the results of the comparison. The predetermined threshold can be determined based on an operating mode. A final frequency response estimate for each mode within each OFDM symbol is derived.
摘要:
A variable speed system for use in systems, such as, for example, wind turbines, is described. The system comprises a wound rotor induction generator, a torque controller and a proportional, integral derivative (PID) pitch controller. The torque controller controls generator torque using field oriented control, and the PID controller performs pitch regulation based on generator rotor speed.
摘要:
A wind powered turbine with low voltage ride-through capability. An inverter is connected to the output of a turbine generator. The generator output is conditioned by the inverter resulting in an output voltage and current at a frequency and phase angle appropriate for transmission to a three-phase utility grid. A frequency and phase angle sensor is connected to the utility grid operative during a fault on the grid. A control system is connected to the sensor and to the inverter. The control system output is a current command signal enabling the inverter to put out a current waveform, which is of the same phase and frequency as detected by the sensor. The control system synthesizes current waveform templates for all three-phases based on a sensed voltage on one phase and transmits currents to all three-phases of the electrical system based on the synthesized current waveforms.
摘要:
A wind powered turbine with low voltage ride-through capability. An inverter is connected to the output of a turbine generator. The generator output is conditioned by the inverter resulting in an output voltage and current at a frequency and phase angle appropriate for transmission to a three-phase utility grid. A frequency and phase angle sensor is connected to the utility grid operative during a fault on the grid. A control system is connected to the sensor and to the inverter. The control system output is a current command signal enabling the inverter to put out a current waveform, which is of the same phase and frequency as detected by the sensor. The control system synthesizes current waveform templates for all three-phases based on a sensed voltage on one phase and transmits currents to all three-phases of the electrical system based on the synthesized current waveforms.
摘要:
A method for preventing over torque and failure of yaw system components in a wind turbine is disclosed. The method may include providing a yaw system having a yaw drive including a drive motor for facing a nacelle positioned on the yaw system in a preferred wind direction. The method may also include preventing operation of the drive motor beyond a normal operating region on a torque-speed curve of the drive motor to avoid torques that may damage the yaw system components.
摘要:
The present invention provides devices for controlling a desired output of an output device. These devices include a first conductor, a second conductor having a varying, predetermined spacing from the first conductor, and a third conductor positioned on the actuator mechanism and having a plurality of interconnecting positions between the first conductor and the second conductor. A predetermined one of a plurality of output signals may be produced when the third conductor connects the first conductor and the second conductor to control the desired output of the output device.
摘要:
The present invention provides systems, devices and methods for controlling a desired output of an output device. These systems, devices and methods include connecting an electrical resistance element having a selected one of a plurality of resistance values with an electrical circuit portion having a plurality of electrical components, determining an electrical characteristic associated with the connected electrical circuit portion and the variable resistance element, and generating a control signal based on the electrical characteristic to control the desired output of the output device.