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公开(公告)号：US07112249B2
公开(公告)日：2006-09-26
申请号：US10674947
申请日：2003-09-30
CPC分类号： B21D26/021 , B21D26/031 , B21D26/055 , B21D37/16
摘要： A sheet material is gripped at its edges and hot blow formed by a pressurized working gas against a forming tool surface. The flow characteristics of the material are determined at increasing gas pressures over a range of temperature relevant to the forming operation. A predetermined pressure/time schedule is determined at a reference temperature for rapid shape formation of good parts on a continual basis. The process is then controlled as parts are thus formed by measuring the forming temperature of the parts and correcting the pressure time schedule, using the determined flow characteristics, for the actual temperature to achieve the desired shape evolution of the parts.
摘要翻译： 片材在其边缘处被夹持，并且由加压工作气体形成的热吹气抵靠成形工具表面。 在与成形操作相关的温度范围内，在增加的气体压力下确定材料的流动特性。 在基准温度下确定预定的压力/时间表，以便在连续的基础上快速形成好的部件。 然后控制该过程，因为通过测量部件的成形温度并且使用确定的流动特性来校正压力时间表来形成部件，以实现实际温度以实现部件的期望的形状演变。
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公开(公告)号：US09172075B2
公开(公告)日：2015-10-27
申请号：US12974269
申请日：2010-12-21
申请人： Hamid G. Kia , Xiaosong Huang , Mark W. Verbrugge
发明人： Hamid G. Kia , Xiaosong Huang , Mark W. Verbrugge
IPC分类号： B29D7/00 , C08J9/28 , B29C44/22 , H01M2/16 , H01M2/18 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0585 , H01M4/505 , H01M4/525 , H01M4/587
CPC分类号： H01M2/1653 , H01M2/18 , H01M4/505 , H01M4/525 , H01M4/587 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0585 , Y02E60/122 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： A porous polymer battery separator is provided that includes variable porosity along its length. Such battery separators can increase the uniformity of the current density within electrochemical battery cells that may normally experience higher current density and higher temperatures near their terminal ends than they do near their opposite ends. By disposing a variable porosity separator between the electrodes of an electrochemical cell such that its terminal end has a lower porosity than its opposite end, the transport of ions, such as lithium ions, through the separator can be more restricted in normally high current regions and less restricted in normally low current regions, thereby increasing the overall uniformity of current density within the battery cell. Variable porosity battery separators may be produced by a modified solvent exchange process. The process may include forming a polymer-containing film having a non-uniform thickness, selectively densifiying the film so that it has a non-uniform polymer concentration, and inducing variable porosity in the film.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种多孔聚合物电池隔板，其包括沿其长度的可变孔隙率。 这样的电池隔离器可以增加电化学电池单元内的电流密度的均匀性，其通常可能比它们的相对端附近在其终端附近经历更高的电流密度和更高的温度。 通过在电化学电池的电极之间设置可变的孔隙分离器，使得其末端具有比其相对端更低的孔隙率，通常通过隔膜的离子（例如锂离子）的输送可以在通常的高电流区域中受到更多的限制， 在正常低电流区域中较少受限制，从而增加电池单元内的电流密度的总体均匀性。 可变孔隙率电池分离器可以通过改性的溶剂交换方法生产。 该方法可以包括形成具有不均匀厚度的含聚合物的膜，选择性地使膜密实，使得其具有不均匀的聚合物浓度，并且在膜中引起可变的孔隙率。
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3.发明授权Corrosion inhibitors in breakable microcapsules to passivate scratched metals 有权可破坏的微胶囊中的腐蚀抑制剂可钝化划伤的金属公开(公告)号：US09011977B2
公开(公告)日：2015-04-21
申请号：US12557587
申请日：2009-09-11
IPC分类号： B05D3/02 , B32B27/02 , C09K3/00 , C09D5/08 , C09D7/12 , C08K3/16 , C08K3/28 , C08K3/30 , C08K9/10
CPC分类号： C09D5/084 , C08K3/16 , C08K3/28 , C08K3/30 , C08K9/10 , C09D7/70 , Y10T428/25 , Y10T428/254 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/258 , Y10T428/2985
摘要： Microencapsulated chemical(s), as water-soluble solid particles, are embedded in at least one the paint layers on the surface of a magnesium article used in an automobile. If the protective paint film is scratched or otherwise mechanically disturbed to expose the surface of the magnesium article the capsules will be ruptured. This will expose the encapsulated chemical(s) to ambient water enabling them to dissolve and form an aqueous solution capable of reacting with the exposed magnesium to form a protective passivating layer on the exposed magnesium to resist corrosion. In a second embodiment the encapsulated chemicals include a deliquescing compound for extraction of moisture from the atmosphere sufficient to induce dissolution of the passivating layer-forming chemical(s) and trigger the formation of the passivating layer in the absence of ambient water.
摘要翻译： 微胶囊化学品作为水溶性固体颗粒嵌入在汽车中使用的镁制品的表面上的至少一个涂料层中。 如果保护漆膜被划伤或以其他方式机械地干扰以暴露镁制品的表面，则胶囊将破裂。 这将使封装的化学物质暴露于环境水中，使其能够溶解并形成能够与暴露的镁反应的水溶液，以在露出的镁上形成保护性钝化层以抵抗腐蚀。 在第二实施方案中，包封的化学品包括用于从大气中提取水分的潮解化合物，足以诱导形成钝化层的化学物质的溶解，并在没有环境水的情况下触发钝化层的形成。
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4.发明授权System and method to determine the state of charge of a battery using magnetostriction to detect magnetic response of battery material 有权使用磁致伸缩来确定电池充电状态的系统和方法来检测电池材料的磁响应公开(公告)号：US08872519B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-28
申请号：US12545311
申请日：2009-08-21
CPC分类号： B60L11/1861 , B60L11/1851 , G01R1/16 , G01R15/18 , G01R31/3606 , G01R31/3665 , H01M4/5825 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/4285 , H01M10/48 , Y02E60/122 , Y02P70/54 , Y02T10/7005 , Y02T10/7011 , Y02T10/705 , Y10S903/93
摘要： One exemplary embodiment includes a method including providing a battery, producing a first magnetic field so that a second magnetic field is induced in the battery, sensing a magnetic field resulting from the interaction of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, utilizing the sensed net magnetic field to determine the state of charge of the battery.
摘要翻译： 一个示例性实施例包括一种方法，包括提供电池，产生第一磁场，使得在电池中感应出第二磁场，感测由第一磁场和第二磁场的相互作用产生的磁场，利用感测到的 净磁场来确定电池的充电状态。
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公开(公告)号：US08746302B2
公开(公告)日：2014-06-10
申请号：US12497000
申请日：2009-07-02
摘要： A tire includes a pair of sidewalls in spaced apart relation and extending substantially radially from a respective inner circumferential portion to a respective outer circumferential portion, a tread extending between and connecting outer circumferential portions of the sidewalls, at least a portion of a tire cavity defined by the tread and sidewalls, and a bead portion on the inner circumferential portion of each radially extending sidewall, the bead portion providing an engagement surface for engaging a wheel on which the tire is to be mounted, and a noise reducing foam disposed in at least a portion of the tire cavity.
摘要翻译： 轮胎包括一对间隔开的侧壁并且从相应的内圆周部分基本径向地延伸到相应的外圆周部分，胎面在侧壁之间延伸并连接外侧圆周部分之间，轮胎腔的至少一部分被限定 通过胎面和侧壁，以及在每个径向延伸的侧壁的内圆周部分上的胎圈部分，胎圈部分提供用于接合其上将要安装轮胎的车轮的接合表面，以及至少设置在其上的降噪泡沫 轮胎腔的一部分。
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6.发明申请VIRTUAL CONVERTIBLE TOPS, SUNROOFS, AND BACK WINDOWS, AND SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROVIDING SAME 有权虚拟可转换刀片，SUNROOFS和BACK WINDOWS，以及其提供的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US20130235351A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-12
申请号：US13414126
申请日：2012-03-07
IPC分类号： G03B21/14
CPC分类号： B60R1/00 , B60R2300/202
摘要： A virtual-sunroof system for providing a virtual sunroof at an interior of a vehicle for viewing by a passenger of the vehicle. The system includes a virtual-sunroof imaging device configured and arranged at the vehicle to collect image information from an environment above the vehicle and create digital image data using the image information. The system also includes a virtual-sunroof projection device configured and arranged in the vehicle to be in communication with the virtual-sunroof imaging device for providing a virtual sunroof display. The virtual sunroof display provided (a) is viewable above a head of the passenger, (b) is formed using the image data, (c) represents accurately at the interior of the vehicle a rendition of the environment above the vehicle, and (d) has a size, shape, and location corresponding generally to a size, shape, and location that an actual conventional-type sunroof would have in the vehicle.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在车辆内部提供虚拟天窗的虚拟天窗系统，用于由所述车辆的乘客观看。 该系统包括配置和布置在车辆处的虚拟天窗成像装置，以从车辆上方的环境收集图像信息，并使用图像信息创建数字图像数据。 该系统还包括配置和布置在车辆中以与虚拟天窗成像设备通信的虚拟天窗投影设备，用于提供虚拟天窗显示。 所提供的虚拟天窗显示器（a）可以在乘客的头部上方观察，（b）使用图像数据形成，（c）在车辆内部精确地表示车辆上方的环境的再现， ）具有通常对应于实际的常规型天窗将在车辆中具有的尺寸，形状和位置的尺寸，形状和位置。
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公开(公告)号：US20130157125A1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-20
申请号：US13330803
申请日：2011-12-20
CPC分类号： H01M4/134 , B22F7/004 , B22F2999/00 , C22C9/00 , C22C19/03 , C22C28/00 , H01M4/1395 , H01M4/626 , H01M4/661 , H01M4/667 , H01M10/052 , H01M2004/021 , Y02E60/122 , Y02P70/54 , Y02T10/7011 , B22F3/002
摘要： The gravimetric and volumetric efficiency of lithium ion batteries may be increased if high capacity materials like tin and silicon may be employed as the lithium-accepting host in the negative electrode of the battery. But both tin and silicon, when fully charged with lithium, undergo expansions of up to 300% and generate appreciable internal stresses which have potential to spall off material from the electrode on each discharge-charge cycle, resulting in a progressive reduction in battery capacity, also known as battery fade. A method of reinforcing such electrode materials by incorporating within them fiber reinforcements or shaped, elongated reinforcements fabricated of shape memory alloy is described. Electrode materials incorporating such reinforcements are less prone to damage under applied stress and so less prone to battery fade.
摘要翻译： 如果可以使用诸如锡和硅的高容量材料作为电池负极中的锂接受主体，则锂离子电池的重量和体积效率可能会增加。 但是当完全充满锂时，锡和硅都经历了高达300％的膨胀，并产生明显的内应力，这些内应力在每个放电 - 充电循环中都有可能从电极中剥离材料，导致电池容量的逐渐降低， 也称为电池褪色。 在其中加入这种电极材料的方法被描述为由形状记忆合金制成的纤维增强件或成形的细长增强件。 结合这种增强材料的电极材料在施加的应力下不太容易损坏，因此不太容易发生电池褪色。
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公开(公告)号：US08373381B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-12
申请号：US11112103
申请日：2005-04-22
CPC分类号： H01M10/44 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/345 , H01M10/46 , H01M16/003 , H01M2008/1095 , H02J7/34 , H02J2001/004 , Y10T307/625
摘要： A fuel cell system that employs a matched battery that matches the battery voltage to a fuel cell power bus voltage so as to eliminate the need for a DC/DC converter. The internal characteristics and parameters of the matched battery allow it to operate over the large load dependent voltage swing of the fuel cell, and prevent the battery state of charge from going below a damaging value. The battery type, number of battery cells and the battery internal impedance are selected to provide the desired matching. In one embodiment, the battery is a lithium ion battery. The system also includes a diode electrically coupled to the power bus line and a by-pass switch electrically coupled to the power bus line in parallel with the diode. The by-pass switch is selectively opened or closed to allow the fuel cell stack to recharge the battery and prevent the battery from being overcharged.
摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池系统，其采用与电池电压匹配的匹配电池与燃料电池电力总线电压，以便消除对DC / DC转换器的需要。 匹配电池的内部特性和参数允许其在燃料电池的大负载相关电压摆幅下工作，并防止电池充电状态低于损坏值。 选择电池类型，电池数量和电池内部阻抗以提供所需的匹配。 在一个实施例中，电池是锂离子电池。 该系统还包括电耦合到电源总线的二极管和与二极管并联电连接到电源总线的旁路开关。 选择性地打开或关闭旁路开关以允许燃料电池堆对电池充电并防止电池过充电。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08227681B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-24
申请号：US11780502
申请日：2007-07-20
申请人： John C. Ulicny , Jihui Yang , Mark W. Verbrugge
发明人： John C. Ulicny , Jihui Yang , Mark W. Verbrugge
摘要： An active material assembly is provided having a thermally-activated active material apparatus with an elongated, non-planar shape and a thermoelectric device in thermal contact therewith. The thermoelectric device is characterized by a thermal differential when current flows through the device to activate the thermally-activated active material apparatus, thereby altering at least one dimension thereof. Multiple discrete thermoelectric devices may be in thermal contact with the active material apparatus and electrically in parallel with one another. The active material apparatus, which may be multiple active material components, each with one of the thermoelectric devices thereon, may be encased within a flexible electronic-insulating material to form an articulated active material assembly that can achieve different geometric shapes by separately activating one or more of the different thermoelectric devices. A method of fabricating an articulated active material assembly is also provided.
摘要翻译： 提供了具有热活化活性材料装置的活性材料组件，其具有细长的非平面形状和与其热接触的热电装置。 热电装置的特征在于电流流过装置时的热差，以激活热活化的活性材料装置，从而改变其至少一个维度。 多个分立的热电装置可以与活性材料装置热接触并彼此电并联。 活性材料装置可以是多个活性材料组分，每个活性材料组分各自具有其中的一个热电装置，其可以被包裹在柔性电子绝缘材料内以形成铰接的活性材料组件，其可以通过单独激活一个或多个活化材料组件来实现不同的几何形状 更多的不同的热电器件。 还提供了一种制造铰接式活性材料组件的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20120156569A1
公开(公告)日：2012-06-21
申请号：US12974269
申请日：2010-12-21
申请人： Hamid G. Kia , Xiaosong Huang , Mark W. Verbrugge
发明人： Hamid G. Kia , Xiaosong Huang , Mark W. Verbrugge
CPC分类号： H01M2/1653 , H01M2/18 , H01M4/505 , H01M4/525 , H01M4/587 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0585 , Y02E60/122 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： A porous polymer battery separator is provided that includes variable porosity along its length. Such battery separators can increase the uniformity of the current density within electrochemical battery cells that may normally experience higher current density and higher temperatures near their terminal ends than they do near their opposite ends. By disposing a variable porosity separator between the electrodes of an electrochemical cell such that its terminal end has a lower porosity than its opposite end, the transport of ions, such as lithium ions, through the separator can be more restricted in normally high current regions and less restricted in normally low current regions, thereby increasing the overall uniformity of current density within the battery cell. Variable porosity battery separators may be produced by a modified solvent exchange process. The process may include forming a polymer-containing film having a non-uniform thickness, selectively densifiying the film so that it has a non-uniform polymer concentration, and inducing variable porosity in the film.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种多孔聚合物电池隔板，其包括沿其长度的可变孔隙率。 这样的电池隔离器可以增加电化学电池单元内的电流密度的均匀性，其通常可能比它们的相对端附近在其终端附近经历更高的电流密度和更高的温度。 通过在电化学电池的电极之间设置可变的孔隙分离器，使得其末端具有比其相对端更低的孔隙率，通常通过隔膜的离子（例如锂离子）的输送可以在通常的高电流区域中受到更多的限制， 在正常低电流区域中较少受限制，从而增加电池单元内的电流密度的总体均匀性。 可变孔隙率电池分离器可以通过改性的溶剂交换方法制备。 该方法可以包括形成具有不均匀厚度的含聚合物的膜，选择性地密封膜，使得其具有不均匀的聚合物浓度，并且在膜中引起可变的孔隙率。
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