公开(公告)号：US06294700B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-25

申请号：US09526636

申请日：2000-03-15

申请人： Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Ailene Gardner Phillips ,  Brian Michael Roesch ,  John Robert Briggs ,  Max Min Lee ,  John Michael Maher ,  David Robert Bryant

发明人： Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Ailene Gardner Phillips ,  Brian Michael Roesch ,  John Robert Briggs ,  Max Min Lee ,  John Michael Maher ,  David Robert Bryant

IPC分类号： C07C4550

CPC分类号： C07B63/00 ,  C07C45/50 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  C07C47/02

摘要： This invention relates to a process for separating one or more products from a reaction product fluid comprising a metal-organophosphorus ligand complex catalyst, optionally free organophosphorus ligand, said one or more products, one or more polar reaction solvents and one or more nonpolar reaction solvents, wherein said process comprises (1) subjecting said reaction product fluid to fractional countercurrent extraction with at least two immiscible extraction solvents, said at least two immiscible extraction solvents comprising at least one polar extraction solvent and at least one nonpolar extraction solvent, to obtain a polar phase comprising said metal-organophosphorus ligand complex catalyst, said optionally free organophosphorus ligand, said one or more polar reaction solvents and said at least one polar extraction solvent and a nonpolar phase comprising said one or more products, said one or more nonpolar reaction solvents and said at least one nonpolar extraction solvent, and (2) recovering said nonpolar phase from said polar phase; wherein (i) the organophosphorus ligand has a partition coefficient Kp1 defined herein between the polar phase and the nonpolar phase of greater than about 5, and (ii) the one or more products have a partition coefficient Kp2 defined herein between the polar phase and the nonpolar phase of less than about 2.0.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于从反应产物流体中分离一种或多种产物的方法，其包括金属 - 有机磷配体配合物催化剂，任选的游离有机磷配体，所述一种或多种产物，一种或多种极性反应溶剂和一种或多种非极性反应溶剂 其中所述方法包括（1）使所述反应产物流体与至少两种不混溶的萃取溶剂进行分数逆流萃取，所述至少两种不混溶的萃取溶剂包含至少一种极性萃取溶剂和至少一种非极性萃取溶剂，以获得 所述极性相包含所述金属 - 有机磷配体配合物催化剂，所述任选游离的有机磷配体，所述一种或多种极性反应溶剂和所述至少一种极性提取溶剂和包含所述一种或多种产物的非极性相，所述一种或多种非极性反应溶剂 并表示至少一种非极性萃取溶剂，和（ 2）从所述极性相中回收所述非极性相; 其中（i）有机磷配体在极性相和非极性相之间定义的分配系数Kp1大于约5，和（ii）一种或多种产物在极性相和极性相之间具有限定的分配系数Kp2 非极性相小于约2.0。

公开(公告)号：US06310260B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-30

申请号：US09526191

申请日：2000-03-15

申请人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  Michael Leo Tulchinsky ,  David James Miller ,  Donald Lee Morrison ,  Paul Foley ,  David Robert Bryant ,  Ailene Gardner Phillips ,  Brian Michael Roesch ,  John Robert Briggs ,  Max Min Lee ,  John Michael Maher

发明人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  Michael Leo Tulchinsky ,  David James Miller ,  Donald Lee Morrison ,  Paul Foley ,  David Robert Bryant ,  Ailene Gardner Phillips ,  Brian Michael Roesch ,  John Robert Briggs ,  Max Min Lee ,  John Michael Maher

IPC分类号： C07C4550

CPC分类号： C07C45/50 ,  C07B63/00 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  C07C47/02

摘要： This invention relates to a process for separating one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products, one or more reaction byproducts and one or more products from a continuously generated reaction product fluid comprising one or more unreacted reactants, a metal-organophosphorus ligand complex catalyst, optionally free organophosphorus ligand, said one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products, said one or more reaction byproducts, said one or more products, one or more polar solvents and one or more nonpolar solvents by phase separation wherein (i) the selectivity of the polar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more products is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef1 which is a value greater than about 2.5, (ii) the selectivity of the polar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef2 which is a value greater than about 2.5, and (iii) the selectivity of the polar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more reaction byproducts is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef3 which is a value greater than about 2.5.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从连续生成的反应产物流体中分离一种或多种有机磷配体降解产物，一种或多种反应副产物和一种或多种产物，所述反应产物流体包含一种或多种未反应的反应物，金属 - 有机磷配体络合物催化剂， 有机磷配体，所述一种或多种有机磷配体降解产物，所述一种或多种反应副产物，所述一种或多种产物，一种或多种极性溶剂和一种或多种非极性溶剂通过相分离，其中（i）极性相的选择性为 相对于一种或多种产物的有机磷配体由分配系数比Ef1表示，分配系数比Ef1大于约2.5，（ii）有机磷配体的极性相对于一种或多种有机磷配体的选择性 降解产物由分配系数比Ef2表示，该分配系数比Ef2是大于th的值 约为2.5，和（iii）极性相对于一种或多种反应副产物的有机磷配体的选择性由分配系数比Ef3表示，该分配系数比Ef3是大于约2.5的值。

公开(公告)号：US06307110B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-23

申请号：US09526337

申请日：2000-03-15

申请人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  Michael Leo Tulchinsky ,  David James Miller ,  Donald Lee Morrison ,  Paul Foley ,  David Robert Bryant ,  Ailene Gardner Phillips ,  Brian Michael Roesch ,  John Robert Briggs ,  Max Min Lee ,  John Michael Maher

发明人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  Michael Leo Tulchinsky ,  David James Miller ,  Donald Lee Morrison ,  Paul Foley ,  David Robert Bryant ,  Ailene Gardner Phillips ,  Brian Michael Roesch ,  John Robert Briggs ,  Max Min Lee ,  John Michael Maher

IPC分类号： C07C4550

CPC分类号： C07C45/50 ,  C07B63/00 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  C07C47/02

摘要： This invention relates to a process for separating one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products, one or more reaction byproducts and one or more products from a continuously generated reaction product fluid comprising one or more unreacted reactants, a metal-organophosphorus ligand complex catalyst, optionally free organophosphorus ligand, said one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products, said one or more reaction byproducts, said one or more products, one or more nonpolar solvents and one or more polar solvents by phase separation wherein (i) the selectivity of the nonpolar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more products is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef1which is a value greater than about 2.5, (ii) the selectivity of the nonpolar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef2 which is a value greater than about 2.5, and (iii) the selectivity of the nonpolar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more reaction byproducts is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef3 which is a value greater than about 2.5.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从连续生成的反应产物流体中分离一种或多种有机磷配体降解产物，一种或多种反应副产物和一种或多种产物，所述反应产物流体包含一种或多种未反应的反应物，金属 - 有机磷配体络合物催化剂， 有机磷配体，所述一种或多种有机磷配体降解产物，所述一种或多种反应副产物，所述一种或多种产物，一种或多种非极性溶剂和一种或多种极性溶剂通过相分离，其中（i）非极性相的选择性为 相对于一种或多种产物的有机磷配体由分配系数比Ef1表示，分配系数比Ef1大于约2.5，（ii）非极性相对于有机磷配体相对于一种或多种有机磷配体降解的选择性 产品由分配系数比Ef2表示，该分配系数比Ef2是一个很大的值 （iii）非极性相对于一种或多种反应副产物对有机磷配体的选择性由分配系数比Ef3表示，该分配系数比Ef3是大于约2.5的值。

公开(公告)号：US06303829B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-16

申请号：US09526434

申请日：2000-03-15

申请人： Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Ailene Gardner Phillips ,  Brian Michael Roesch ,  John Robert Briggs ,  Max Min Lee ,  John Michael Maher ,  David Robert Bryant

发明人： Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Ailene Gardner Phillips ,  Brian Michael Roesch ,  John Robert Briggs ,  Max Min Lee ,  John Michael Maher ,  David Robert Bryant

IPC分类号： C07C4550

CPC分类号： C07C45/50 ,  C07B63/00 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  C07C47/02

摘要： This invention relates to a process for separating one or more products from a reaction product fluid comprising a metal-organophosphorus ligand complex catalyst, optionally free organophosphorus ligand, said one or more products, one or more nonpolar reaction solvents and one or more polar reaction solvents, wherein said process comprises (1) subjecting said reaction product fluid to fractional countercurrent extraction with at least two immiscible extraction solvents, said at least two immiscible extraction solvents comprising at least one nonpolar extraction solvent and at least one polar extraction solvent, to obtain a nonpolar phase comprising said metal-organophosphorus ligand complex catalyst, said optionally free organophosphorus ligand, said one or more nonpolar reaction solvents and said at least one nonpolar extraction solvent and a polar phase comprising said one or more products, said one or more polar reaction solvents and said at least one polar extraction solvent, and (2) recovering said polar phase from said nonpolar phase; wherein (i) the organophosphorus ligand has a partition coefficient Kp1 defined herein between the nonpolar phase and the polar phase of greater than about 5, and (ii) the one or more products have a partition coefficient Kp2 defined herein between the nonpolar phase and the polar phase of less than about 2.0.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从反应产物流体中分离一种或多种产物的方法，其包括金属 - 有机磷配体配合物催化剂，任选的游离有机磷配体，所述一种或多种产物，一种或多种非极性反应溶剂和一种或多种极性反应溶剂 其中所述方法包括（1）使所述反应产物流体用至少两种不混溶的萃取溶剂进行分数逆流萃取，所述至少两种不混溶的萃取溶剂包含至少一种非极性萃取溶剂和至少一种极性提取溶剂，以获得 所述非极性相包含所述金属 - 有机磷配体配合物催化剂，所述任选游离的有机磷配体，所述一种或多种非极性反应溶剂和所述至少一种非极性萃取溶剂和包含所述一种或多种产物的极性相，所述一种或多种极性反应溶剂 并表示至少一种极性提取溶剂，和（ 2）从所述非极性相中回收所述极性相; 其中（i）有机磷配体具有在非极性相和极性相之间定义的分配系数Kp1大于约5，和（ii）一种或多种产物在非极性相和非极性相之间具有本文定义的分配系数Kp2 极性相小于约2.0。

公开(公告)号：US06303830B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-16

申请号：US09526638

申请日：2000-03-15

申请人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  Michael Leo Tulchinsky ,  David James Miller ,  Donald Lee Morrison ,  Paul Foley ,  David Robert Bryant

发明人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  Michael Leo Tulchinsky ,  David James Miller ,  Donald Lee Morrison ,  Paul Foley ,  David Robert Bryant

IPC分类号： C07C4550

CPC分类号： C07B63/00 ,  C07C67/58 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  C07C69/716

摘要： This invention relates to a process for separating one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products, one or more reaction byproducts and one or more formylester products from a reaction product fluid comprising one or more unreacted unsaturated ester reactants, a metal-organophosphorus ligand complex catalyst, optionally free organophosphorus ligand, said one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products, said one or more reaction byproducts, said one or more products, a polar solvent and a nonpolar solvent by phase separation wherein(i) the selectivity of the polar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more products is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef1 which is a value greater than about 2.5, (ii) the selectivity of the polar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef2 which is a value greater than about 2.5, and (iii) the selectivity of the polar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more reaction byproducts is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef3 which is a value greater than about 2.5.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种从包含一种或多种未反应的不饱和酯反应物，金属 - 有机磷配位体配合物催化剂，任选的一种或多种反应产物流体的反应产物流体中分离一种或多种有机磷配体降解产物，一种或多种反应副产物和一种或多种甲酰酯产物的方法 所述一种或多种有机磷配体降解产物，所述一种或多种反应副产物，所述一种或多种产物，极性溶剂和非极性溶剂通过相分离，其中（i）极性相对于有机磷配体的选择性 对于一种或多种产物，由分配系数比Ef1表示，该分配系数比Ef1大于约2.5，（ii）极性相对于一种或多种有机磷配体降解产物的有机磷配体的选择性为 由大于约2.5的值的分配系数比Ef2表示，a d（iii）极性相对于一种或多种反应副产物的有机磷配体的选择性由分配系数比Ef3表示，该分配系数比Ef3是大于约2.5的值。

公开(公告)号：US06252121B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-26

申请号：US09361907

申请日：1999-07-27

申请人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  David Robert Bryant ,  Michael Leo Tulchinsky ,  Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  Paul Foley ,  Barry Brent Fish

发明人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  David Robert Bryant ,  Michael Leo Tulchinsky ,  Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  Paul Foley ,  Barry Brent Fish

IPC分类号： C07C4550

CPC分类号： C07B63/00 ,  B33Y40/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  C07B2200/09 ,  C07C29/141 ,  C07C45/49 ,  C07C45/50 ,  C07C45/78 ,  C07C45/80 ,  C07C47/32 ,  C07C209/26 ,  C07C253/30 ,  C07C2601/14 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  C07C47/347 ,  C07C47/36 ,  C07C31/276

摘要： This invention relates to a process for separating one or more cyclic products from a reaction product fluid comprising one or more cyclic reactants, a metal-organophosphorus ligand complex catalyst, optionally free organophosphorus ligand, a non-polar solvent and said one or more cyclic products, wherein said process comprises: (1) reacting said one or more cyclic reactants in the presence of said metal-organophosphorus ligand complex catalyst, optionally free organophosphorus ligand and non-polar solvent to form a multiphase reaction product fluid; and (2) separating said multiphase reaction product fluid to obtain a non-polar phase comprising said one or more cyclic reactants, metal-organophosphorus ligand complex catalyst, optionally free organophosphorus ligand and non-polar solvent and a polar phase comprising said one or more cyclic products.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从包含一种或多种环状反应物，金属 - 有机磷配位体配合物催化剂，任选的游离有机磷配体，非极性溶剂和所述一种或多种环状产物的反应产物流体中分离一种或多种环状产物的方法 其中所述方法包括：（1）在所述金属 - 有机磷配体配合物催化剂，任选的游离有机磷配体和非极性溶剂的存在下使所述一种或多种环状反应物反应以形成多相反应产物流体; 和（2）分离所述多相反应产物流体以获得包含所述一种或多种环状反应物，金属 - 有机磷配体络合物催化剂，任选的游离有机磷配体和非极性溶剂的非极性相和包含所述一种或多种 循环产品。

公开(公告)号：US06307108B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-23

申请号：US09525651

申请日：2000-03-15

申请人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  Michael Leo Tulchinsky ,  David James Miller ,  Donald Lee Morrison ,  Paul Foley ,  David Robert Bryant

发明人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Jeffrey Scott Kanel ,  Michael Leo Tulchinsky ,  David James Miller ,  Donald Lee Morrison ,  Paul Foley ,  David Robert Bryant

IPC分类号： C07C4550

CPC分类号： C07C227/08 ,  C07C67/347 ,  C07C67/58 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  C07C69/716 ,  C07C229/08

摘要： This invention relates to a process for separating one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products, one or more reaction byproducts and one or more formylester products from a reaction product fluid comprising one or more unreacted unsaturated ester reactants, a metal-organophoshorus ligand complex catalyst, optionally free organophosphorus ligand, said one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products, said one or more reaction byproducts, said one or more products, a nonpolar solvent and a polar solvent by phase separation wherein (i) the selectivity of the nonpolar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more products is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef1 which is a value greater than about 2.5 (ii) the selectivity of the nonpolar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more organophosphorus ligand degradation products is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef2 which is a value greater than about 2.5, and (iii) the selectivity of the nonpolar phase for the organophosphorus ligand with respect to the one or more reaction byproducts is expressed by a partition coefficient ratio Ef3 which is a value greater than about 2.5.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种从包含一种或多种未反应的不饱和酯反应物，金属有机磷配体配合物催化剂的反应产物流体中分离一种或多种有机磷配体降解产物，一种或多种反应副产物和一种或多种甲酰酯产物的方法， 所述一种或多种有机磷配体降解产物，所述一种或多种反应副产物，所述一种或多种产物，非极性溶剂和极性溶剂通过相分离，其中（i）所述非极性相对于所述有机磷配体的选择性 对于一种或多种产物，通过分配系数比Ef1表示，该分配系数比Ef1是大于约2.5的值（ii）表示非极性相对于一种或多种有机磷配体降解产物的非极性相对于有机磷配体的选择性 通过大于约2的值的分配系数比Ef2。 5，和（iii）非极性相对于有机磷配体相对于一种或多种反应副产物的选择性由分配系数比Ef3表示，该分配系数比Ef3是大于约2.5的值。

公开(公告)号：US6124226A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-26

申请号：US294105

申请日：1999-04-19

申请人： Kenneth Andrew Nielsen ,  John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Burkhard Eric Wagner

发明人： Kenneth Andrew Nielsen ,  John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Burkhard Eric Wagner

IPC分类号： B01D1/18 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B05D1/02 ,  C08J3/12 ,  C09D5/02 ,  B29B9/00

CPC分类号： B05D1/025 ,  B01D1/18 ,  B01J37/0232 ,  C08J3/122 ,  C09D5/021 ,  B05D2401/90

摘要： This invention relates to methods for spraying liquid compositions containing volatile solvent by using compressed fluids, such as carbon dioxide or ethane, to form solid particulates, coating powders, and catalyst materials, which can be produced with narrow particle size distributions and can be sprayed at higher solids levels, in ambient air or with heated air applied to just the spray instead of a spray chamber. Novel catalyst supports can be produced having a beneficial morphology such as for olefin catalysis. Drier water-borne coatings can be applied to substrates by using compressed fluids to spray water-borne coating compositions having conventional water levels, thereby reducing runs and sags and shortening dry times.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过使用压缩流体如二氧化碳或乙烷喷射含有挥发性溶剂的液体组合物以形成固体颗粒，涂料粉末和催化剂材料的方法，其可以以窄的粒度分布产生并且可以在 更高的固体含量，在环境空气中或加热的空气仅施加喷雾而不是喷雾室。 可以生产具有有利形态的新型催化剂载体，例如用于烯烃催化。 干燥剂水性涂料可以通过使用压缩流体喷涂具有常规水含量的水性涂料组合物施加到基材上，从而减少流动和下垂并缩短干燥时间。

公开(公告)号：US6106896A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-22

申请号：US294104

申请日：1999-04-19

申请人： Kenneth Andrew Nielsen ,  John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Burkhard Eric Wagner

发明人： Kenneth Andrew Nielsen ,  John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Burkhard Eric Wagner

IPC分类号： B01D1/18 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B05D1/02 ,  C08J3/12 ,  C09D5/02 ,  B05D1/04

CPC分类号： B05D1/025 ,  B01D1/18 ,  B01J37/0232 ,  C08J3/122 ,  C09D5/021 ,  B05D2401/90

摘要： This invention relates to methods for spraying liquid compositions containing volatile solvent by using compressed fluids, such as carbon dioxide or ethane, to form solid particulates, coating powders, and catalyst materials, which can be produced with narrow particle size distributions and can be sprayed at higher solids levels, in ambient air or with heated air applied to just the spray instead of a spray chamber. Novel catalyst supports can be produced having a beneficial morphology such as for olefin catalysis. Drier water-born coatings can be applied to substrates by using compressed fluids to spray water-born coating compositions having conventional water levels, thereby reducing runs and sags and shortening dry times.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过使用压缩流体如二氧化碳或乙烷喷射含有挥发性溶剂的液体组合物以形成固体颗粒，涂料粉末和催化剂材料的方法，其可以以窄的粒度分布产生并且可以在 更高的固体含量，在环境空气中或加热的空气仅施加喷雾而不是喷雾室。 可以生产具有有利形态的新型催化剂载体，例如用于烯烃催化。 干燥剂水性涂料可以通过使用压缩流体喷涂具有常规水含量的水性涂料组合物施加到基材上，从而减少流延和下垂并缩短干燥时间。

公开(公告)号：US6106742A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-22

申请号：US288727

申请日：1999-04-09

申请人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Richard Hill Bailey ,  Kenneth Look Hoy ,  Gerald Robert Gilliam ,  Kevin Joseph Riggs

发明人： John Nicholas Argyropoulos ,  Richard Hill Bailey ,  Kenneth Look Hoy ,  Gerald Robert Gilliam ,  Kevin Joseph Riggs

IPC分类号： B05D1/04 ,  B05B5/04 ,  C08J3/09 ,  C09D5/00 ,  C09D5/24 ,  C09D201/00 ,  H01B1/22 ,  H01B1/24 ,  H01B1/06

CPC分类号： C09D5/002 ,  C08J3/092 ,  C09D5/24 ,  H01B1/22 ,  H01B1/24

摘要： This invention pertains to novel higher solids conductive coating compositions which can be applied by spray and other atomization methods. More particularly, it pertains to novel higher solids conductive coating compositions capable of application by electrostatic atomization methods. While there are many applications in which conductive coatings are useful, the invention is particularly useful for the manufacture of adhesion promoting primer compositions which have higher solids and can be applied by electrostatic atomization methods. The key components of the present invention are:(i) a conductive pigment,(ii) a non-conductive polymeric binder, and(iii) a solvent selected for its ability:(a) to form a stable non-conductive dispersion of a conductive pigment when subjected to an electrostatic potential of 20000+ volts,(b) to provide for a higher solids liquid coatings composition thereby reducing the volatile organic emissions (VOC) during application.(c) to promote the coalescence and formation of a uniform conductive film.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及可通过喷雾和其它雾化方法施用的新型高固体导电涂料组合物。 更具体地说，它涉及能够通过静电雾化方法施用的新型高固体导电涂料组合物。 尽管导电涂层有许多应用，本发明特别可用于制造具有较高固体并且可通过静电雾化方法施用的粘合促进底漆组合物。 本发明的关键组分是：（i）导电颜料，（ii）非导电聚合物粘合剂，和（iii）由于其能力而选择的溶剂：（a）形成稳定的非导电分散体 导电颜料当经受20000+伏特的静电电势时，（b）提供更高固体的液体涂料组合物，从而减少施用过程中的挥发性有机物排放（VOC）。 （c）促进均匀导电膜的聚结和形成。