摘要:
The subject of the invention at hand are novel, a little basic, fluorinated pentafluorophenyl imide anions, which can be used as anions in ionic liquids. Methods for producing ionic liquids are described, which contain these novel pentafluorophenyl imide ions as anions, as well as quaternary organic ammonium ions, guanidinium ions, N-organo-pyridinium ions, imidazolium, imidazolidinium or benzimidazolidinium ions, alkyl-alkylidene phosphoranes or aryl-alkylidene phosphoranes as cations. Alternative methods according to the present invention provide ionic liquids through reaction of ketene N,N-diacetals or alkyl or aryl-alkylidene phosphoranes with acids.The ionic liquids according to the present invention are suitable, for example, as solvents for syntheses, as mobile and/or stationary phase in chromatography, as electrolyte systems for batteries, galvanic elements, fuel cells and rechargeable battery packs.
摘要:
The present invention provides new lithium salts comprising pentafluorophenylamide anions following the general formula Li+[N(SO2—R)(C6F5)]−, which are optionally present as solvent-free complexes. R is hereby selected from fluorine, linear or branched acyclic or cyclic alkyl groups with 1 to 20 carbon atoms which are not fluorinated, partially fluorinated or fully fluorinated; or not fluorinated, partially fluorinated or fully fluorinated aryl or benzyl groups with 1 to 20 carbon atoms. The lithium salts according to the present invention are produced by reacting the corresponding NH acid of the pentafluorophenylamide with one equivalent of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or lithium organyl, wherein the reaction is carried out advantageously in the presence of apolar aprotic solvents. In this way, lithium salts in the form of solvent-free complexes are obtained. These solvent-free lithium complexes are thermally, electrochemically and against oxidation stable and comprise a high ionic conductivity. The lithium salts according to the present invention are suitable to be used as ion-conducting materials, electrically conductive materials, dyes and in chemical catalysis. They are preferably used as ion-conducting electrolytes in lithium ion accumulators.
摘要:
The subject of the invention at hand are novel, a little basic, fluorinated pentafluorophenyl imide anions, which can be used as anions in ionic liquids. Methods for producing ionic liquids are described, which contain these novel pentafluorophenyl imide ions as anions, as well as quaternary organic ammonium ions, guanidinium ions, N-organo-pyridinium ions, imidazolium, imidazolidinium or benzimidazolidinium ions, alkyl-alkylidene phosphoranes or aryl-alkylidene phosphoranes as cations. Alternative methods according to the present invention provide ionic liquids through reaction of ketene N,N-diacetals or alkyl or aryl-alkylidene phosphoranes with acids.The ionic liquids according to the present invention are suitable, for example, as solvents for syntheses, as mobile and/or stationary phase in chromatography, as electrolyte systems for batteries, galvanic elements, fuel cells and rechargeable battery packs.
摘要:
A method of inducing differentiation of mammalian cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells by contacting the mammalian cell with a triazine compound of formula (I), wherein X is independently —NR4—or —O—, R4 is hydrogen or C1-6-alkyl; R1 is hydroxy, C1-6-alkyl, C1-6-alkoxy, carboxy, C1-6-alkoxycarbonyl, halo, cyano, nitro, formyl, amino, C1-6-alkylamino, or di-C1-6-alkylamino, the C1-6-alkyl or -alkoxy residue being optionally substituted with one or more R5 substituents selected from hydroxy, halo, cyano, and nitro; n is 0 to 5; R2 is hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, or C1-6-alkyl, the aryl or heteroaryl residue being optionally substituted with one or more R1 substituents, and where the C1-6-alkyl is optionally further substituted with one or more R5 substituents; and R3 is selected from hydrogen, halo, NR4R7, OR7, SR7, and R7, where the same options apply for R7 as for R2; with the proviso that the compound of formula (I) is not 3-[(4,6-diphenoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]benzoic acid.
摘要:
A method measures at least one capacitive property of a communication line. The communication line includes a first line and a second line. The method includes applying at least a first voltage ramp to at least one of the first line and the second line, measuring at least a first current flowing via the at least one of the first line and the second line during the first voltage ramp, and calculating the capacitive property based on the first measured current.
摘要:
Audio processing systems and corresponding methods are disclosed, wherein the audio processing system comprises at least one of an analog portion and a digital portion.
摘要:
A method and a device for operating a transmission line are provided. The device includes a line driver circuit and a protective circuit. The line driver circuit converts an input signal of the device into a current or a voltage for the transmission line while the protective circuit prevents an overvoltage and/or an overcurrent on the transmission line. The line driver circuit and the protective circuit are integrated in a common package.
摘要:
Embodiments related to line testing are described and depicted. A digital subscriber line testing apparatus comprises a plurality of resistors and a switching device. The switching device comprises first and second signal inputs to couple the switching device to a signal generator output, and a plurality of wire terminals. The switching device is configured to switch the plurality of resistors into a first switching state and a second switching state.
摘要:
A method and an apparatus for measuring electrical properties of communication lines is presented, wherein the communication line comprises a first line and a second line, wherein the first line is connected to a first line driver and the second line is connected to a second line driver. At least one measurement for determining said properties of said communication line is performed with the first line driver or the second line driver set to a high impedance state. With this method and apparatus, detailed line testing can be performed without the need for additional elements in a communication circuit.
摘要:
A method and an apparatus for measuring electrical properties of communication lines is presented, wherein the communication line comprises a first line and a second line, wherein the first line is connected to a first line driver and the second line is connected to a second line driver. At least one measurement for determining said properties of said communication line is performed with the first line driver or the second line driver set to a high impedance state. With this method and apparatus, detailed line testing can be performed without the need for additional elements in a communication circuit.