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    Production of Alkali Bicarbonate and Alkali Hydroxide From Alkali Carbonate in an Electrolyte Cell.
    1.
    发明申请
    Production of Alkali Bicarbonate and Alkali Hydroxide From Alkali Carbonate in an Electrolyte Cell. 审中-公开
    在电解槽中碱式碳酸盐和碱性氢氧化物的生产。

    公开(公告)号：US20110240484A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-10-06

    申请号：US13078775

    申请日：2011-04-01

    申请人： Justin Pendleton ,  Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    发明人： Justin Pendleton ,  Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    IPC分类号： C25B1/14 ,  C25B1/16

    CPC分类号： C25B1/14 ,  C25B1/16 ,  C25B3/04 ,  Y02P20/132

    摘要： Alkali bicarbonate is synthesized in an electrolytic cell from alkali carbonate. The electrolytic cell includes an alkali ion conductive membrane positioned between an anolyte compartment configured with an anode and a catholyte compartment configured with a cathode. The alkali conductive membrane selectively transports alkali ions and prevents the transport of anions produced in the catholyte compartment. An aqueous alkali carbonate solution is introduced into the anolyte compartment and electrolyzed at the anode to produce carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen ions which react with alkali carbonate to produce alkali bicarbonate. The alkali bicarbonate is recovered by filtration or other separation techniques. When the catholyte solution includes water, pure alkali hydroxide is produced. When the catholyte solution includes methanol, pure alkali methoxide is produced.

    摘要翻译： 在碱金属碳酸盐的电解池中合成碱金属碳酸氢盐。 电解池包括位于由阳极构成的阳极电解室和由阴极构成的阴极电解液室之间的碱性离子传导膜。 碱性导电膜选择性地输送碱离子并防止在阴极电解液室中产生的阴离子的输送。 将碱金属碳酸盐水溶液引入阳极电解液室中并在阳极处电解以产生与碱金属碳酸盐反应产生碱式碳酸氢盐的二氧化碳和/或氢离子。 通过过滤或其他分离技术回收碱金属碳酸氢盐。 当阴极电解液包含水时，产生纯碱氢氧化物。 当阴极电解液包含甲醇时，产生纯碱金属甲醇盐。

    Electrochemical production of hydrogen
    2.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical production of hydrogen 有权
    电化学生产氢

    公开(公告)号：US09297084B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-03-29

    申请号：US13349269

    申请日：2012-01-12

    申请人： Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    发明人： Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    IPC分类号： C25B1/04 ,  C25B1/10 ,  C25B1/20 ,  C25B1/24 ,  C25B15/08 ,  C25B9/08

    CPC分类号： C25B1/10 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B1/20 ,  C25B1/24 ,  C25B9/08 ,  C25B9/10 ,  C25B13/04 ,  C25B15/08 ,  Y02E60/366 ,  Y02P20/134

    摘要： Electrochemical systems and methods for producing hydrogen. Generally, the systems and methods involve providing an electrochemical cell that includes an anolyte compartment holding an anode in contact with an anolyte, wherein the anolyte includes an oxidizable substance having a higher standard oxidation potential than water. The cell further comprises a catholyte compartment holding a cathode in contact with a catholyte that includes a substance that reduces to form hydrogen. Additionally, the cell includes an alkali cation conductive membrane that separates the anolyte compartment from the catholyte compartment. As an electrical potential passes between the anode and cathode, the reducible substance reduces to form hydrogen and the oxidizable substance oxidizes to form an oxidized product.

    摘要翻译： 电化学系统和生产氢的方法。 通常，所述系统和方法包括提供一种电化学电池，其包括阳极电解液室，其阳极与阳极电解液接触，其中所述阳极电解质包括具有比水更高的标准氧化电位的可氧化物质。 电池进一步包括阴极电解室，其阴极与阴极电解液接触，阴极电解液包括减少形成氢的物质。 此外，电池包括将阳极电解液室与阴极电解液隔室分离的碱性阳离子导电膜。 当电极通过阳极和阴极之间时，可还原物质减少形成氢气，可氧化物质氧化形成氧化产物。

    REUSABLE APPARATUS WITH SPARINGLY SOLUBLE SOLID FOR CLEANING AND/OR DISINFECTING
    3.
    发明申请
    REUSABLE APPARATUS WITH SPARINGLY SOLUBLE SOLID FOR CLEANING AND/OR DISINFECTING 审中-公开
    具有可拆卸固体的可拆卸设备用于清洁和/或消毒

    公开(公告)号：US20140190820A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-07-10

    申请号：US13734416

    申请日：2013-01-04

    申请人： Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    发明人： Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    IPC分类号： A61L2/18 ,  C25B9/00

    CPC分类号： A61L2/18 ,  A61L2/186 ,  A61L2/22 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25B9/08 ,  Y10T428/13

    摘要： An apparatus for cleaning and/or disinfecting a surface or object is disclosed. In one embodiment, such an apparatus includes a container that is refillable with water. A sparingly soluble solid is provided in the container and is positioned to contact the water. The sparingly soluble solid slightly dissolves in the water to form a dilute solution that acts as a cleaning and/or disinfecting solution. The sparingly soluble solid is provided in a quantity sufficient to last several refills of the container.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于清洁和/或消毒表面或物体的设备。 在一个实施例中，这种装置包括可再填充水的容器。 在容器中提供微溶的固体并定位成与水接触。 微溶的固体稍微溶解在水中以形成用作清洁和/或消毒溶液的稀释溶液。 提供的微溶固体的量足以使容器的几次再填充。

    Method of producing coupled radical products from biomass
    4.
    发明授权
    Method of producing coupled radical products from biomass 有权
    从生物质产生偶联的自由基产物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08647492B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-02-11

    申请号：US12840913

    申请日：2010-07-21

    申请人： Mukund Karanjikar ,  Sai Bhavaraju ,  Ashok V. Joshi ,  Pallavi Chitta ,  David Joel Hunt

    发明人： Mukund Karanjikar ,  Sai Bhavaraju ,  Ashok V. Joshi ,  Pallavi Chitta ,  David Joel Hunt

    IPC分类号： C25B3/10 ,  C25B3/00

    CPC分类号： C10G3/40 ,  C10G3/45 ,  C10G3/47 ,  C10G3/50 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/1018 ,  C10G2300/44 ,  C10G2400/04 ,  C12P7/54 ,  C25B3/00 ,  C25B3/10 ,  C25B9/08 ,  Y02E50/343 ,  Y02P30/20

    摘要： A method that produces coupled radical products from biomass. The method involves obtaining a lipid or carboxylic acid material from the biomass. This material may be a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, a triglyceride of a carboxylic acid, or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or any other fatty acid derivative. This lipid material or carboxylic acid material is converted into an alkali metal salt. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.

    摘要翻译： 从生物质产生偶联的自由基产物的方法。 该方法包括从生物质获得脂质或羧酸物质。 该材料可以是羧酸，羧酸的酯，羧酸的甘油三酸酯，或羧酸的金属盐，或任何其它的脂肪酸衍生物。 将该脂质物质或羧酸物质转化为碱金属盐。 然后将碱金属盐用作阳极电解液作为电解池的一部分。 电解池可以包括碱离子传导膜（例如NaSICON膜）。 当电池操作时，羧酸的碱金属盐脱羧并形成自由基。 然后将这些基团与其它基团键合，由此产生偶联的基团产物如烃。 取决于起始原料，生成的烃可以是例如饱和的，不饱和的，支链的或非支链的。

    Apparatus and method for delivering beneficial agents to subterranean locations
    6.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for delivering beneficial agents to subterranean locations 失效
    将有益物质输送到地下位置的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07658156B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-02-09

    申请号：US12100982

    申请日：2008-04-10

    申请人： Truman Wold ,  Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    发明人： Truman Wold ,  Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    IPC分类号： A01C23/02

    CPC分类号： A01G27/006 ,  A01G29/00

    摘要： An apparatus for delivering a beneficial agent to a subterranean location is disclosed in one embodiment of the invention as including a water collection chamber having a substantially open end. A water-transporting membrane is provided to communicate with the water collection chamber. An extraction chamber receives water through the water-transporting membrane, expanding the extraction chamber. A dispensing chamber, containing a beneficial agent such as fertilizer, is configured to contract upon expanding the extraction chamber. This causes the dispensing chamber to expel the beneficial agent through a subterranean delivery channel, such as a rigid hollow spike. In certain embodiments, a rate adjustment mechanism may control the rate that water is received through the water-transporting membrane, thereby controlling the rate the beneficial agent is expelled from the subterranean delivery channel.

    摘要翻译： 在本发明的一个实施例中公开了一种用于将有益剂递送到地下位置的装置，包括具有基本开口端的水收集室。 提供水输送膜以与收集室连通。 提取室通过水输送膜接收水，使提取室膨胀。 包含有益剂例如肥料的分配室被构造成在膨胀提取室时收缩。 这使得分配室通过地下输送通道（例如刚性中空尖峰）排出有益剂。 在某些实施方案中，速率调节机构可以控制通过水输送膜接收水的速率，从而控制有益剂从地下输送通道排出的速率。

    AUTO-REPLENISHING, WOUND-DRESSING APPARATUS AND METHOD
    7.
    发明申请
    AUTO-REPLENISHING, WOUND-DRESSING APPARATUS AND METHOD 审中-公开
    自动再生装置，绕线装置及方法

    公开(公告)号：US20090216204A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-08-27

    申请号：US12341832

    申请日：2008-12-22

    申请人： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Troy C. Dayton ,  John Howard Gordon ,  Jeremy Heiser ,  Ashok V. Joshi

    发明人： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Troy C. Dayton ,  John Howard Gordon ,  Jeremy Heiser ,  Ashok V. Joshi

    IPC分类号： A61M35/00 ,  A61F13/00

    CPC分类号： A61M35/00 ,  A61F13/00068 ,  A61F2013/0017 ,  A61F2013/00174 ,  A61F2013/002 ,  A61F2013/00268 ,  A61M35/006

    摘要： Apparatus and methods to treat skin defects include a pump with reservoirs for a pressurization gas and a fluid, the fluid loaded at a factory and sealed or filled at point of use through a valve, septum, or the like. Upon activation, the pump generates a gas introduced into the gas reservoir, a movable wall of which displaces a movable wall of a fluid source, thus dispensing the fluid into the dressing to spread throughout irrespective of orientation of the dressing, maintaining a transport fluid (e.g. carrier) in the dressing and in contact with a skin defect being treated. Delivery may be periodic, constant, programmatically controlled, or manual. A dressing may maintain intimate contact, a transport fluid, and a controllable concentration of active ingredient against a skin defect.Apparatus and methods to replenish a dressing with a therapeutically effective concentration of a fluid deliver a fluid carrier containing an active ingredient. The fluid may be stored in and delivered from a pump mechanism including reservoirs for a pressurization gas and the fluid, which may be loaded at a factory and sealed or filled at point of use through a valve, septum, or the like. The dressing may have a distribution network, and multiple members, dispensing the fluid into a wick maintaining a transport fluid (e.g. carrier) distributed in the dressing and in contact with a skin defect being treated. Delivery may be periodic, constant, programmatically controlled, or manual to maintain intimate contact, a transport fluid, and a controllable concentration of active ingredient against wounded tissue.

    摘要翻译： 用于治疗皮肤缺陷的装置和方法包括具有用于加压气体和流体的储存器的泵，流体在工厂加载并通过阀，隔膜等密封或填充在使用点处。 在激活时，泵产生引入气体储存器中的气体，其活动壁移动流体源的可移动壁，从而将流体分配到敷料中以遍及敷料的方向，以保持输送流体（ 例如载体），并与正在治疗的皮肤缺陷接触。 交货可以是周期性的，恒定的，程序控制的或手动的。 敷料可以保持紧密接触，运输液体和针对皮肤缺陷的可控浓度的活性成分。 用治疗有效浓度的流体补充敷料的装置和方法输送含有活性成分的流体载体。 流体可以存储在泵机构中并且从泵机构输送，该泵机构包括用于加压气体的储存器和可以在工厂加载并通过阀，隔膜等在使用点处密封或填充的流体。 敷料可以具有分配网络和多个部件，将流体分配到芯中，以保持分布在敷料中并与被处理的皮肤缺陷接触的输送流体（例如载体）。 输送可以是定期的，恒定的，程序控制的或手动的，以保持紧密接触，运输液体和对受伤组织的可控浓度的活性成分。

    METHOD FOR DELIVERING BENEFICIAL LIQUIDS AT STEADY RATE
    9.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR DELIVERING BENEFICIAL LIQUIDS AT STEADY RATE 有权
    以稳定速度递送受益液体的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120037658A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-02-16

    申请号：US13281288

    申请日：2011-10-25

    申请人： John Howard Gordon ,  Ashok V. Joshi ,  Truman Wold ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    发明人： John Howard Gordon ,  Ashok V. Joshi ,  Truman Wold ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    IPC分类号： B67D7/16

    CPC分类号： A01M1/2044 ,  A61L9/12 ,  Y10T137/2931

    摘要： A method for delivering a beneficial agent is disclosed in one embodiment of the invention as including a water collection chamber. A water-transporting membrane is provided to communicate with the water collection chamber. An extraction chamber receives water through the water-transporting membrane, expanding the extraction chamber. A dispensing chamber, containing a beneficial agent, is configured to contract upon expanding the extraction chamber. This causes the dispensing chamber to expel the beneficial agent through a subterranean delivery channel, such as a rigid hollow spike. In certain embodiments, a rate adjustment mechanism may control the rate that water is received through the water-transporting membrane, thereby controlling the rate the beneficial agent is expelled. The water-transporting membrane has features that repel osmagent from passing through to the water collection chamber. The method features steady rate performance without refreshing the water chamber and low temperature sensitivity.

    摘要翻译： 在本发明的一个实施例中公开了一种递送有益剂的方法，包括一个收水室。 提供水输送膜以与收集室连通。 提取室通过水输送膜接收水，使提取室膨胀。 包含有益剂的分配腔被构造成在膨胀提取室时收缩。 这使得分配室通过地下输送通道（例如刚性中空尖峰）排出有益剂。 在某些实施例中，速率调节机构可以控制通过水输送膜接收水的速率，从而控制有益剂被排出的速率。 水输送膜具有排斥渗透到收集室的特征。 该方法具有稳定的速率性能，无需刷新水箱和低温灵敏度。