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    TROPHIC CONVERSION OF OBLIGATE PHOTOTROPHIC ALGAE THROUGH METABOLIC ENGINEERING
    1.
    发明申请
    TROPHIC CONVERSION OF OBLIGATE PHOTOTROPHIC ALGAE THROUGH METABOLIC ENGINEERING 失效
    通过代谢工程进行的白藜芦醇的热转化

    公开(公告)号：US20080138851A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-06-12

    申请号：US11842898

    申请日：2007-08-21

    申请人： Kirk Emil Apt ,  F.C. Thomas Allnutt ,  David J. Kyle ,  James Casey Lippmeier

    发明人： Kirk Emil Apt ,  F.C. Thomas Allnutt ,  David J. Kyle ,  James Casey Lippmeier

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/02 ,  C12N1/12 ,  C12N15/74

    CPC分类号： C12N15/8209 ,  C12N1/12 ,  C12N15/65 ,  C12N15/79 ,  C12N15/8207 ,  Y10S435/946

    摘要： Most microalgae are obligate photoautotrophs and their growth is strictly dependent on the generation of photosynthetically-derived energy. In this study it is shown that the microalga Phaeodaclylurn tricornutum can be engineered to import glucose and grow in the dark through the introduction of genes encoding glucose transporters. Both the human and Chlorella kessleri glucose transporters facilitated the uptake of glucose by P. tricornutum, allowing the cells to metabolize exogenous organic carbon and thrive, independent of light. This is the first successful trophic conversion of an obligate photoautotroph through metabolic engineering, and it demonstrates that methods of cell nourishment can be fundamentally altered with the introduction of a single gene. Since strains transformed with the glucose transport genes are able to grow non-photosynthetically, they can be exploited for the analysis of photosynthetic processes through mutant generation and characterization. Finally, this work also represents critical progress toward large-scale commercial exploitation of obligate phototrophic algae through the use of microbial fermentation technology, eliminating significant limitations resulting from light-dependent growth.

    摘要翻译： 大多数微藻是专性光自养体，其生长严格依赖于光合作用衍生能量的产生。 在这项研究中，显示微藻Phaeodaclylurn三角褐豆可以通过引入编码葡萄糖转运蛋白的基因进行工程化以导入葡萄糖并在黑暗中生长。 人和小球藻凯斯勒葡萄糖转运蛋白都促进了三角褐指藻的葡萄糖摄取，使得细胞代谢外源有机碳，并且独立于光。 这是通过代谢工程首次成功地营养专一性自养型营养转化，并且表明通过引入单一基因可以从根本上改变细胞营养的方法。 由于用葡萄糖转运基因转化的菌株能够非光合作用生长，因此可以通过突变体的产生和表征来开发光合作用的分析。 最后，这项工作也是通过使用微生物发酵技术大规模商业开发专用光营养藻类的重要进展，消除了光依赖性生长造成的重大限制。

    Trophic Conversion of Obligate Phototrophic Algae Through Metabolic Engineering
    2.
    发明申请
    Trophic Conversion of Obligate Phototrophic Algae Through Metabolic Engineering 审中-公开
    通过代谢工程营养转化特种光营养藻类

    公开(公告)号：US20120034653A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-02-09

    申请号：US13188806

    申请日：2011-07-22

    申请人： Kirk Emil APT ,  F.C. Thomas Allnutt ,  David J. Kyle ,  James Casey Lippmeier

    发明人： Kirk Emil APT ,  F.C. Thomas Allnutt ,  David J. Kyle ,  James Casey Lippmeier

    IPC分类号： C12P21/00 ,  C12N15/79 ,  C12N1/13 ,  C07C29/74 ,  C11B1/10 ,  C07C35/21 ,  C07C7/00 ,  C07K14/405 ,  A23K1/00 ,  C07K1/14

    CPC分类号： C12N15/8209 ,  C12N1/12 ,  C12N15/65 ,  C12N15/79 ,  C12N15/8207 ,  Y10S435/946

    摘要： Most microalgae are obligate photoautotrophs and their growth is strictly dependent on the generation of photosynthetically-derived energy. In this study it is shown that the microalga Phaeodaclylurn tricornutum can be engineered to import glucose and grow in the dark through the introduction of genes encoding glucose transporters. Both the human and Chlorella kessleri glucose transporters facilitated the uptake of glucose by P. tricornutum, allowing the cells to metabolize exogenous organic carbon and thrive, independent of light. This is the first successful trophic conversion of an obligate photoautotroph through metabolic engineering, and it demonstrates that methods of cell nourishment can be fundamentally altered with the introduction of a single gene. Since strains transformed with the glucose transport genes are able to grow non-photosynthetically, they can be exploited for the analysis of photosynthetic processes through mutant generation and characterization. Finally, this work also represents critical progress toward large-scale commercial exploitation of obligate phototrophic algae through the use of microbial fermentation technology, eliminating significant limitations resulting from light-dependent growth.

    摘要翻译： 大多数微藻是专性光自养体，其生长严格依赖于光合作用衍生能量的产生。 在这项研究中，显示微藻Phaeodaclylurn三角褐豆可以通过引入编码葡萄糖转运蛋白的基因进行工程化以导入葡萄糖并在黑暗中生长。 人和小球藻凯斯勒葡萄糖转运蛋白都促进了三角褐指藻的葡萄糖摄取，使得细胞代谢外源有机碳，并且独立于光。 这是通过代谢工程首次成功地营养专一性自养型营养转化，并且表明通过引入单一基因可以从根本上改变细胞营养的方法。 由于用葡萄糖转运基因转化的菌株能够非光合作用生长，因此可以通过突变体的产生和表征来开发光合作用的分析。 最后，这项工作也是通过使用微生物发酵技术大规模商业开发专用光营养藻类的重要进展，消除了光依赖性生长造成的重大限制。

    Trophic conversion of obligate phototrophic algae through metabolic engineering
    3.
    发明授权
    Trophic conversion of obligate phototrophic algae through metabolic engineering 失效

    公开(公告)号：US07939710B1

    公开(公告)日：2011-05-10

    申请号：US09839536

    申请日：2001-04-23

    申请人： Kirk Emil Apt ,  F. C. Thomas Allnutt ,  David J. Kyle ,  James Casey Lippmeier

    发明人： Kirk Emil Apt ,  F. C. Thomas Allnutt ,  David J. Kyle ,  James Casey Lippmeier

    IPC分类号： C12N15/82

    CPC分类号： C12N15/8209 ,  C12N1/12 ,  C12N15/65 ,  C12N15/79 ,  C12N15/8207 ,  Y10S435/946

    摘要： Most microalgae are obligate photoautotrophs and their growth is strictly dependent on the generation of photosynthetically-derived energy. In this study it is shown that the microalga Phaeodaclylurn tricornutum can be engineered to import glucose and grow in the dark through the introduction of genes encoding glucose transporters. Both the human and Chlorella kessleri glucose transporters facilitated the uptake of glucose by P. tricornutum, allowing the cells to metabolize exogenous organic carbon and thrive, independent of light. This is the first successful trophic conversion of an obligate photoautotroph through metabolic engineering, and it demonstrates that methods of cell nourishment can be fundamentally altered with the introduction of a single gene. Since strains transformed with the glucose transport genes are able to grow non-photosynthetically, they can be exploited for the analysis of photosynthetic processes through mutant generation and characterization. Finally, this work also represents critical progress toward large-scale commercial exploitation of obligate phototrophic algae through the use of microbial fermentation technology, eliminating significant limitations resulting from light-dependent growth.

    Polyunsaturated fatty acid production in heterologous organisms using PUFA polyketide synthase systems
    10.
    发明授权
    Polyunsaturated fatty acid production in heterologous organisms using PUFA polyketide synthase systems 有权
    使用PUFA聚酮化合物系统在异源生物体中产生多不饱和脂肪酸

    公开(公告)号：US08426686B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-04-23

    申请号：US12796100

    申请日：2010-06-08

    申请人： James G. Metz ,  Jerry M. Kuner ,  James Casey Lippmeier

    发明人： James G. Metz ,  Jerry M. Kuner ,  James Casey Lippmeier

    IPC分类号： A01H5/00 ,  A01H1/00 ,  C12N15/82 ,  C12N1/20 ,  C07H21/04

    CPC分类号： C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/93 ,  C12N15/8247 ,  C12P7/6427 ,  C12P7/6472 ,  Y02P20/52

    摘要： Disclosed are novel acyl-CoA synthetases and novel acyltransferases, nucleic acid molecules encoding the same, recombinant nucleic acid molecules and recombinant host cells comprising such nucleic acid molecules, genetically modified organisms (microorganisms and plants) comprising the same, and methods of making and using the same. Also disclosed are genetically modified organisms (e.g., plants, microorganisms) that have been genetically modified to express a PKS-like system for the production of PUFAs (a PUFA PKS system or PUFA synthase), wherein the organisms have been modified to express an acyl-CoA synthetase, to express an acyl transferase, to delete or inactivate a fatty acid synthase (FAS) expressed by the organism, to reduce competition for malonyl CoA with the PUFA synthase or to increase the level of malonyl CoA in the organism, and in one aspect, to inhibit KASII or KASIII. Additional modifications, and methods to make and use such organisms, in addition to PUFAs and oils obtained from such organisms, are disclosed, alone with various products including such PUFAs and oils.

    摘要翻译： 公开了新型酰基辅酶A合成酶和新型酰基转移酶，编码该酰基转移酶的核酸分子，重组核酸分子和包含该核酸分子的重组宿主细胞，包含该核酸分子的转基因生物（微生物和植物），以及制备和使用 一样。 还公开了经遗传修饰以表达用于生产PUFA（PUFA PKS系统或PUFA合酶）的PKS样系统的遗传修饰生物体（例如，植物，微生物），其中生物体被修饰以表达酰基 -CoA合成酶，以表达酰基转移酶，以删除或失活由生物体表达的脂肪酸合酶（FAS），以减少与PUFA合酶的丙二酰辅酶A竞争或增加生物体中丙二酰辅酶A的水平，以及 一方面抑制KASII或KASIII。 除了PUFA和从这些生物获得的油之外，还公开了另外的修饰和制造和使用这些生物体的方法，其中包括各种产品，包括这种PUFA和油。