摘要:
A method for applying a thin coating to a flat side (front side) and edge surfaces of a two-dimensional formation of graphite foil, includes applying the coating material to the flat side (front side) to be coated by electrostatic powder spraying followed by a sintering cycle or melting cycle. During the spraying, the two-dimensional formation is electrically contacted on a limited area virtually in the middle of its rear side, facing away from the spraying direction, on a limited area at a distance of at least 5 mm from the edges. A method for heat dissipation in electronic equipment, is also provided.
摘要:
Graphite films are provided with a metal coating of at most 100 nm thick and are produced, for example by a continuous vapor deposition process on graphite film. In spite of the small thickness of the metal layer, the graphite films can be connected to one another or to other components of metal or metal-coated materials by soldering. Furthermore, the thin metal coating protects the surface of the graphite film against particles breaking out or peeling or flaking off.
摘要:
An anode assembly for aluminum electrolysis cells includes carbon anodes with stubholes and an anode hanger having stubs, in which the anodes are fixed to the anode hanger by cast iron and the stubholes are fully or partially lined with an expanded graphite lining. The anode assembly provides a reduced voltage drop across an interface between the cast iron and the carbon anode and thus increases cell productivity significantly. Mechanical stresses in the stubhole area are reduced. A collar formed from the lining prevents spilling of cast iron over the anode surface and a protective shot plug or a protective collar optionally prevent direct contact of a hot electrolyte bath with the stub and the cast iron. A method of manufacturing anode assemblies and an aluminum electrolysis cell, are also provided.
摘要:
Cathodes for aluminum electrolysis cells are formed of cathode blocks and current collector bars attached to those blocks. The cathode slots receiving the collector bar are lined with expanded graphite lining thus providing longer useful lifetime of such cathodes and increased cell productivity. The expanded graphite provides a good electrical and thermal conductivity especially with its plane layer.
摘要:
Cathodes for aluminum electrolysis cells are formed of cathode blocks and current collector bars attached to those blocks. The cathode slots receiving the collector bar are lined with expanded graphite lining thus providing longer useful lifetime of such cathodes and increased cell productivity. The expanded graphite provides a good electrical and thermal conductivity especially with its plane layer.
摘要:
A freeze-drying apparatus (1) includes an arrangement of individual product platforms (19) that are supported vertically in a frame (20) in a drying chamber, in which each platform is able to be moved to a shift level, in which lateral guides (20, 21) designed to support a carriage (15) are arranged with a fixed height position, and which cooperate with the guides (16, 18) of a loading and unloading device. All product platforms (19) in the drying chamber can be loaded by repeating this operation cyclically. In order to unload the drying chamber, the arrangement of the product platforms (19) are moved to such a position above the shift level in which the carriage (15) can be moved as far as its rear limit position inside the drying chamber, travelling underneath each loaded product platform (19).
摘要:
The invention relates to the detection of oxidation of carbon-containing fibers or fiber bundles embedded in a nonconductive or semiconducting ceramic matrix in composites wherein use is made of the eddy current method.
摘要:
A vehicle cup holder has a housing forming an upwardly open cup-shaped seat centered on an upright seat axis and having a side wall and a floor and a plurality of gripping arms spaced around the seat on the side wall and pivotal about respective upright axes between radially inner positions projecting into the seat and radially outer positions generally disengaged from the seat. A drive under the floor is connected to the arms for displacing them synchronously between the inner and outer positions.
摘要:
A device for loading and unloading the standing surface of the drying chamber of a freeze drying installation. The device includes a carriage disposed above an unloading position of the surface which extends transversely to a movement direction during a loading or unloading process and in parallel with the standing surface and forms a movable guiding edge for the drying vessels. Guides disposed on both sides of the standing surface extend in parallel with the movement direction and form fixed guiding edges for the drying vessels. The carriage is driven by two linear motors, the respective primary parts of which are fixedly connected to both side ends of the carriage and are supported on the guides which at the same time receive the secondary parts. All of the components of the devices thus defined are located within the drying chamber, wherein a mechanically extremely simple and low-wear construction is achieved.
摘要:
An expanded graphite is derived from a graphitic or partially graphitic starting material selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, compressed expanded graphite, partially oxidized graphite and/or graphite fibers having a BET surface area of >30 m2/g. The expanded graphite is obtained by reaction of the starting material with substances capable of intercalation or mixtures of substances capable of intercalation to give a compound designated as an intercalation compound and subsequent expansion in plasma.