摘要:
A heavy petroleum oil feed is upgraded by having its amenability to cracking improved by subjecting the oil to selective partial oxidation with a catalytic oxidation system to partially oxidize aromatic ring systems in the heavy oil. The partially oxidized oil can then be cracked in the conventional manner but at lower severities to lower molecular weight cracking products. The cracking following the partial oxidation step may be thermal in nature as by thermal cracking, delayed, contact or fluid coking or fluid catalytic cracking or hydrogenative as in hydrocracking.
摘要:
A heavy petroleum oil feed is upgraded by having its amenability to cracking improved by subjecting the oil to selective partial oxidation with a catalytic oxidation system to partially oxidize aromatic ring systems in the heavy oil. The partially oxidized oil can then be cracked in the conventional manner but at lower severities to lower molecular weight cracking products. The cracking following the partial oxidation step may be thermal in nature as by thermal cracking, delayed, contact or fluid coking or fluid catalytic cracking or hydrogenative as in hydrocracking.
摘要:
Systems and methods are provided for slurry hydroconversion of a heavy oil feed, such as an atmospheric or vacuum resid. The systems and methods allow for slurry hydroconversion using catalysts with enhanced activity and/or catalysts that can be recycled as a side product from a complementary refinery process.
摘要:
An apparatus for evaluating deposit formation characteristics of lubricant samples. The apparatus includes a reactor chamber having a closed first end and a second end, said closed first end of said reactor chamber forming a lubricant sump and said second end open to the atmosphere, an electric heater for heating a test coupon positioned thereon, said electric heater positioned within said reactor chamber, above said lubricant sump, an air supply tube, said air supply tube having a first end in fluid communication with a source of air and a second end, said second end positioned adjacent the test coupon, said air supply tube having a sample orifice located between said first end and said second end of said air supply tube and a lubricant supply tube, said lubricant supply tube having a first end positioned within said lubricant sump and in fluid communication with a source of lubricant and a second end, said second end positioned within said sample orifice of said air supply tube. A method of predicting lubricant deposit formation in an end use engine test and a method for predicting whether a candidate lubricant sample will pass an End Use Test are also provided.
摘要:
Adducts of benzotriazole or substituted benzotriazole with formaldehyde or with thiadiazole or substituted thiadiazole are useful as ashless anti-wear/anti-friction/anti-oxidant additives for lubricants. Formulated lubricants containing such adducts exhibit compound levels of anti-wear, anti-friction and oxidation stability performance.
摘要:
The invention comprises lubricating compositions and hydraulic fluids containing N,N′-diaryl-o-phenylenediamine compounds that impart good levels of oxidation inhibition in the lubricants and hydraulic fluids. The invention further comprises a method of making N,N′-diaryl-o-phenylenediamine compounds.
摘要:
It has now been discovered that hydrocarbon feeds containing a polycyclic aromatic compound or mixtures thereof can be selectively hydrogenated by contacting the feed with a transition metal catalyst and hydrogen in the presence of an acid to provide a hydrocarbon mixture in which the aromatic content consists substantially of mono- and di-aromatic compounds. Useful acids include Lewis acids and acids having a pKa in the range of 0 to about -10.
摘要:
A lubricating oil composition is provided comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of at least one trinuclear molybdenum compound. Preferably, the trinuclear molybdenum compound is selected from those compounds having the formula Mo3SkL4Qz and mixtures thereof in which L is a ligand having organo groups with a sufficient number of carbon atoms to render the compound soluble in the oil, k varies from 4 through 7, Q is selected from the group of compounds having lone pair electrons including water, amines, alcohols, phosphines, and ethers, and z ranges from 0 to 5. In general, the organo groups of the mono-anionic ligands will be the same although they may be different, and they preferably are selected from alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and ether groups. For example, when L is a dialkyldithiocarbamate or a dialkyldithiophosphate, the alkyl groups will have from about 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
摘要翻译:提供润滑油组合物,其包含主要量的润滑粘度的油和少量的至少一种三核钼化合物。 优选地,三核钼化合物选自具有式Mo 3 S k L 4 Q z的那些化合物及其混合物,其中L是具有足够数目碳原子的有机基团的配体,以使化合物可溶于油,k从4至7变化, Q选自具有包括水,胺,醇,膦和醚在内的单对电子的化合物的组,z的范围为0至5.通常,单阴离子配体的有机基团将是相同的,尽管它们 可以不同,它们优选选自烷基,芳基,取代的芳基和醚基。 例如,当L是二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯或二烷基二硫代磷酸酯时,烷基将具有约1至30个碳原子。
摘要:
A lubricating oil composition for jet engines which comprises: (a) an aviation turbine oil; (b) from about 0.025 to about 5.0 wt %, based on lubricating oil composition, of a dimercaptothiadiazole of the formula: ##STR1## where R and R.sup.1 are each independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and (c) from about 1.0 to about 30.0 wt %, based on lubricating oil composition, of an alphaolefin/maleic ester copolymer of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently C.sub.1 to C.sub.18 alkyl, and n is an integer such that the average molecular weight of the copolymer is from 500 to 20,000.
摘要:
Petroleum resid, bitumen and/or heavy oil is upgraded by the separation of asphaltenes and/or resins from such resids, bitumen and/or heavy oils by contacting them with an ionic liquid with which the asphaltenes and/or resins interact.