公开(公告)号：US07468067B2

公开(公告)日：2008-12-23

申请号：US11192427

申请日：2005-07-29

Applicant: Mark Licata ,  Kevin R. Ward ,  Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

Inventor： Mark Licata ,  Kevin R. Ward ,  Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

IPC: A61B17/00 ,  A44B1/04 ,  A44B11/25 ,  A44B17/00 ,  F16G11/00 ,  F16G3/00 ,  F16G3/02 ,  F16G11/10

CPC classification number: A61B17/1322 ,  A61B17/132 ,  A61B17/1327 ,  Y10T24/3423 ,  Y10T24/4016 ,  Y10T24/44427

Abstract: Provided is a tourniquet having two opposing and pivotally movable plates. The plates comprise a clamp that pinches an elastomeric cord. The plates are pivotally biased together by a spring. The cord is attached to a back end of the clamp. A free end of the cord is squeezed by the plates such that a loop of cord is provided. The cord can be pulled from the clamp to reduce the size of the loop. The clamp comprises a safety lock that prevents movement of the plates and slipping of the cord. The safety lock can comprise a button disposed between the plates in the back end of the clamp, preventing the plates from moving together in the back portion, and therefore from moving apart in a front portion that grips the cord. Also, the tourniquet clamp can comprise a dual-sided press connector mechanism for fast release of tourniquet tension.

Abstract translation: 提供具有两个相对且可枢转的板的止血带。 板包括夹住弹性体绳的夹具。 板通过弹簧枢转地偏置在一起。 绳子连接到夹具的后端。 帘线的自由端被板挤压，从而提供一条绳索。 可以从夹具拉出绳索以减小回路的尺寸。 夹具包括防止板的运动和电线滑动的安全锁。 安全锁可以包括设置在夹具的后端中的板之间的按钮，防止板在后部中一起移动，并且因此在握住绳索的前部中移动分开。 此外，止血带夹可以包括用于快速释放止血带张力的双面压力连接器机构。

公开(公告)号：US5293772A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-15

申请号：US982652

申请日：1992-12-01

Applicant: Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

Inventor： Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

IPC: G01N33/487 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G01N33/86 ,  G01N33/48

CPC classification number: G01N33/4905

Abstract: The performance of platelets can be best understood by monitoring both the force development and the elastic modulus of the blood clot during both clotting and dissolution of the blood clot. Intermittent application and removal of a compressive force on a blood sample (8) positioned between a pair of plates (12 and 14) throughout clot formation and dissolution provides a standard for using voltage output from a transducer (22) to determine force and elastic modulus parameters. Force development arises from the internal actions of the platelets during clot retraction. Elastic modulus provides a measure of the stiffness of the clot. Clotting can be measured as an increase in force development and clot elastic modulus. Clot dissolution can be determined by a dramatic decrease in force development and in elastic modulus. Providing the blood sample with a clot dissolving agent such as tPA allows determining the fibrinolytic potential of whole blood and, thus, aids in identifying patients at risk for thrombosis due to a decreased ability to dissolve clots. Clot elastic modulus provides a measure of erythrocyte flexibility.

Abstract translation: 通过监测血块凝血和溶解期间血块的力发展和弹性模量，可以最好地了解血小板的表现。 在凝块形成和溶解过程中，定位在一对板（12和14）之间的血液样品（8）上的间歇施加和去除压缩力提供了使用来自换能器（22）的电压输出来确定力和弹性模量的标准 参数。 力发展起因于凝血块收缩期间血小板的内部作用。 弹性模量提供了凝块刚度的量度。 可以测量凝块的力发展和凝块弹性模量的增加。 凝血块溶解可以通过力发展和弹性模量的显着降低来确定。 为血液样本提供诸如tPA的凝块溶解剂允许确定全血的纤维蛋白溶解潜力，因此有助于鉴定由于溶血凝块的能力降低而导致血栓形成风险的患者。 凝块弹性模量提供了红细胞灵活性的量度。

公开(公告)号：US5205159A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-27

申请号：US822415

申请日：1992-01-17

Applicant: Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

Inventor： Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

IPC: G01N33/49

CPC classification number: G01N33/49

Abstract: The compression elastic modulus of a blood sample is determined by compressing a blood sample (12) between plates (14 and 16) and comparing the voltage signal (32) output from the transducer (22) with a displacement calibration constant C.sub.d. The compression elastic modulus is determined on the same sample as the platelet mediated force development.

Abstract translation: 通过压缩板（14和16）之间的血液样本（12）并将从换能器（22）输出的电压信号（32）与位移校准常数Cd进行比较来确定血液样本的压缩弹性模量。 在与血小板介导的力发育相同的样品上测定压缩弹性模量。

公开(公告)号：US5106186A

公开(公告)日：1992-04-21

申请号：US516426

申请日：1990-04-30

Applicant: Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

Inventor： Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

IPC: C12Q1/56 ,  G01N15/02 ,  G01N21/59

CPC classification number: G01N15/0205 ,  C12Q1/56 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G01N2333/75 ,  G01N2333/974

Abstract: Experiments have been conducted which demonstrate that gel optical density is a linear function of the fibrin fiber mass/length ratio (.mu.). Once the linear function is known, knowledge of a gel optical density at one wavelength is adequate to determine .mu.. Such measurements allow quantitative monitoring of fibrin structure, and are clinically relevant.

Abstract translation: 已经进行了实验，其证明凝胶光密度是纤维蛋白纤维质量/长度比（μ）的线性函数。 一旦已知线性函数，在一个波长处的凝胶光密度的知识足以确定mu。 这些测量可以定量监测纤维蛋白结构，并且在临床上是相关的。

公开(公告)号：US4986964A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-22

申请号：US511040

申请日：1990-04-19

Applicant: Marcus E. Carr, Jr. ,  Sheryl L. Zekert

Inventor： Marcus E. Carr, Jr. ,  Sheryl L. Zekert

IPC: G01N3/00 ,  G01N33/49

CPC classification number: G01N33/4905 ,  G01N2203/0089

Abstract: An instrument for measuring the internal force characteristics of a blood sample (12) during clotting has been developed. The blood sample (12) is held between a cup (10) and a plate (16). The plate (16) is connected to a force displacement transducer (22). As the clot forms, platelets contract and exert an inward pulling force on the plate (16). This inward pulling force is sensed by the transducer (22) which outputs a corresponding voltage signal. The voltage signal is amplified (24) and recorded on strip chart paper (28). The voltage signal (32) can be directly translated into force parameters by first calibrating the instrument with standard weights. It has been found that the maximum force measurements are obtained under controlled temperature, ionic strength and calcium concentration conditions which approximate those of the blood while in the body. A particular feature of the invention includes a water jacket (14) which is used to maintain the temperature of the blood sample (12) at 37.degree. C. (body temperature).

Abstract translation: 已经开发了用于在凝血期间测量血液样品（12）的内部力特征的仪器。 血液样品（12）保持在杯（10）和板（16）之间。 板（16）连接到力位移传感器（22）。 当凝块形成时，血小板收缩并在板（16）上施加向内的拉力。 该向内的拉力由换能器（22）感测，其输出相应的电压信号。 电压信号被放大（24）并记录在条形图纸（28）上。 可以通过首先用标准重量校准仪器，将电压信号（32）直接转换成力参数。 已经发现，在受控温度，离子强度和钙浓度条件下获得最大力测量值，其在身体中与血液相似。 本发明的一个特征包括用于将血液样品（12）的温度维持在37℃（体温）的水套（14）。

公开(公告)号：US08497408B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-30

申请号：US11855205

申请日：2007-09-14

Applicant: Gary Wnek ,  Marcus E. Carr, Jr. ,  Gary Bowlin ,  Kelman I. Cohen ,  Kevin R. Ward ,  Wayne Barbee ,  Rao Ivatury

Inventor： Gary Wnek ,  Marcus E. Carr, Jr. ,  Gary Bowlin ,  Kelman I. Cohen ,  Kevin R. Ward ,  Wayne Barbee ,  Rao Ivatury

IPC: A61F13/00

CPC classification number: A61L26/0061 ,  A61B17/0057 ,  A61B17/122 ,  A61B17/132 ,  A61B2017/00659 ,  A61F13/0269 ,  A61K9/0048 ,  A61L15/22 ,  A61L24/106 ,  A61L24/108 ,  A61L2400/04

Abstract: High-pressure bleeding wounds (and other bleeding wounds) may be treated by applying direct pressure directly in the bleeding wound, such as by applying a back pressure in a confined space around and in the wound. Certain substances and articles may be inserted into the wound, and the wound may be enclosed with that substance or article (such as a hemostatic substance, which may be polymeric), by swelling on contact with molecules (such as water molecules in the blood) encountered in the wound, generates the desired pressure to stop or at least reduce the bleeding without the detrimental effects of a tourniquet. Clot-inducing substances may be introduced into the wound contemporaneously with direct pressure application directly in the wound. Compressible and non-compressible wounds are treated. Treatment stops bleeding without producing pressure injury or ischemic damage. Medical devices using this technology are provided, including removable, biodegradable, medic-administrable devices.

Abstract translation: 可以通过直接对出血伤口施加直接压力来治疗高压出血性伤口（和其他出血性伤口），例如通过在围绕和缠绕的受限空间中施加背压。 某些物质和制品可以插入到伤口中，并且伤口可以与该物质或制品（例如可以是聚合物的止血物质）一起被封闭，通过与分子（例如血液中的水分子）接触而膨胀， 在伤口中遇到，产生所需的停止压力或至少减少出血，而不会有止血带的不利影响。 可以直接在伤口中直接施加压力诱导物质同时引入伤口。 可压缩和不可压缩的伤口被处理。 治疗停止出血而不产生压力损伤或缺血性损伤。 提供使用此技术的医疗设备，包括可拆卸，可生物降解的医疗管理设备。

公开(公告)号：US07759082B2

公开(公告)日：2010-07-20

申请号：US10764691

申请日：2004-01-26

Applicant: Gary L. Bowlin ,  Gary E. Wnek ,  David G. Simpson ,  Philippe Lam ,  Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

Inventor： Gary L. Bowlin ,  Gary E. Wnek ,  David G. Simpson ,  Philippe Lam ,  Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

IPC: C12Q1/56

CPC classification number: C12N5/0622 ,  A61K35/12 ,  A61K2035/126 ,  A61L15/32 ,  A61L27/225 ,  A61L27/24 ,  A61L27/26 ,  A61L27/38 ,  A61L31/041 ,  A61L2400/04 ,  B29C41/006 ,  C07K14/75 ,  C07K14/78 ,  C12N5/0012 ,  C12N5/0062 ,  C12N5/0068 ,  C12N2503/00 ,  C12N2510/00 ,  C12N2533/40 ,  C12N2533/54 ,  C12N2533/56 ,  C08L89/00

Abstract: The invention is directed to formation and use of electroprocessed fibrin as an extracellular matrix and, together with cells, its use in forming engineered tissue. The engineered tissue can include the synthetic manufacture of specific organs or tissues which may be implanted into a recipient. The electroprocessed fibrin may also be combined with other molecules in order to deliver the molecules to the site of application or implantation of the electroprocessed fibrin. The fibrin or fibrin/cell suspension is electrodeposited onto a substrate to form the tissues and organs.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及形成和使用电加工的纤维蛋白作为细胞外基质，并与细胞一起用于形成工程化组织。 工程组织可以包括可以植入受体的特定器官或组织的合成制造。 电加工的纤维蛋白也可以与其它分子组合以将分子递送到电加工的纤维蛋白的施用位点或植入。 将纤维蛋白或纤维蛋白/细胞悬浮液电沉积在基质上以形成组织和器官。

公开(公告)号：US07192726B1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-20

申请号：US10049374

申请日：2000-08-11

Applicant: Marcus E. Carr, Jr. ,  Ashok Krischnaswami ,  Erika Martin

Inventor： Marcus E. Carr, Jr. ,  Ashok Krischnaswami ,  Erika Martin

IPC: C12Q1/56

CPC classification number: G01N33/86 ,  G01N2800/224 ,  G01N2800/226 ,  G01N2800/323 ,  G01N2800/52

Abstract: Platelet contractile force and/or clot elastic modulus measurements are used to identify patients at risk for atherosclerosis or for bleeding during surgical procedures or other applications. Measurements which are elevated are indicative of atherosclerosis, and measurements which are reduced are indicative of a bleeding risk.

Abstract translation: 血小板收缩力和/或凝块弹性模量测量用于鉴定在外科手术或其他应用中有动脉粥样硬化或出血风险的患者。 升高的测量指示动脉粥样硬化，并且减少的测量指示出血风险。

公开(公告)号：US06573104B2

公开(公告)日：2003-06-03

申请号：US09852149

申请日：2001-05-10

Applicant: Marcus E. Carr, Jr. ,  Mark Licata

Inventor： Marcus E. Carr, Jr. ,  Mark Licata

IPC: G01N3386

CPC classification number: G01N33/4905 ,  G01N33/86 ,  Y10T436/10

Abstract: Blood clot analysis instrumentation used to evaluate platelet function and clot structure by monitoring force development during clot retraction or upon application of a known amount of force can have a calibration check automatically performed by using a top member with a known amount of mass which is detachable from the instrumentation, and preferably is a disposable component. The calibration check is performed by monitoring force or displacement on a holding member with and without the top member attached. If the difference measured is within a preferred tolerance range, then the instrumentation can be deemed to be within the specifications deemed best suited for the instrument. The top member may also be modified to allow for mixing reagents with the clot, thereby avoiding the need to pre-mix blood with reagents before measurement. This can be accomplished by providing the top member with a rotation mechanism, such as an air driven fin assembly, that permits the top member to rotate forwards and/or backwards relative to the receptacle which holds the blood sample. The top member may also carry on board one or more reagents used for the diagnostic tests to be performed on the blood sample. Different top members might be used to perform different tests by being capable of dispensing different reagents. Moreover, a bar code or other indicia may be used to have the instrumentation automatically identify the test being performed, and this can also be used to provide information useful in regulating the mixing operation to be performed by the top member. Furthermore, a disposable liner may also be positionable within the receptacle such that the entire test can be performed with disposable components, thereby reducing clean up time, improving performance of the instrumentation, and enhancing the safety for the clinicians. Finally, the shape of the top and bottom members are configured in such a way as to have the evaporation force vector perpendicular to the clot retraction force vector.

公开(公告)号：US5118182A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-02

申请号：US593680

申请日：1990-10-05

Applicant: Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

Inventor： Marcus E. Carr, Jr.

IPC: C12Q1/56 ,  G01N15/02 ,  G01N21/59

CPC classification number: C12Q1/56 ,  G01N15/0205 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G01N2333/75 ,  G01N2333/974

Abstract: Experiments have been conducted which demonstrate that gel optical density is a linear function of the fibrin fiber mass/length ratio (.mu.) and that the slope of the linear function is dependent on the concentration of fibrinogen in the sample. Once the linear function is known, knowledge of a gel optical density at one wavelength is adequate to determine .mu.. Such measurements allow quantitative monitoring of fibrin structure, and are clinically relevant.

Abstract translation: 已经进行了实验，其证明凝胶光密度是纤维蛋白纤维质量/长度比（μ）的线性函数，并且线性函数的斜率取决于样品中纤维蛋白原的浓度。 一旦已知线性函数，在一个波长处的凝胶光密度的知识足以确定mu。 这些测量可以定量监测纤维蛋白结构，并且在临床上是相关的。