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公开(公告)号：US4764966A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-16
申请号：US786972
申请日：1985-10-11
申请人： Mark A. Einkauf , Lynn P. West
发明人： Mark A. Einkauf , Lynn P. West
摘要： This invention enables voice energy to be distinguished from energy due to other sources such as telephone call progress signals. A portion of the audio spectrum is divided into a high and into a low frequency band and the energy content of these bands is examined. The audio energy of a signal is passed through a set of filters and compared. A frequency boundary crossing of an input signal subsequent to filtering is used to signify the receipt of a voice signal. By operating in this manner, voice, whose predominant frequency switches in a random fashion from being greater than to less than a cutoff frequency, can be distinguished from other signals either below or above the cutoff frequencies of the filters. The detection of voice energy is not begun until a predetermined threshold of energy has been received for a specified period of time. This specified period of time need not be continuous after a ringback signal is received. Subsequent to the receipt of a ringback signal, the voice detection mechanism will proceed as long as the total time above the threshold exceeds the specified time.
摘要翻译： 本发明使话音能量与诸如电话呼叫进行信号等其他来源的能量区分开来。 音频频谱的一部分被分成高频和低频带，并且检查这些频带的能量含量。 信号的音频能量通过一组滤波器并进行比较。 滤波后的输入信号的频率边界交叉用于表示语音信号的接收。 通过以这种方式操作，其主要频率以大于小于截止频率的随机方式切换的语音可以与低于或高于滤波器的截止频率的其他信号区分开。 在规定的时间段内已经接收到预定的能量阈值之前，才开始检测语音能量。 在收到回铃信号后，该指定的时间段不需要连续。 在收到回铃信号之后，只要超过阈值的总时间超过指定时间，语音检测机构将继续进行。
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公开(公告)号：US4747065A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-24
申请号：US786911
申请日：1985-10-11
申请人： Lynn P. West
发明人： Lynn P. West
CPC分类号： H03G3/3089
摘要： Automatic gain control (AGC) is provided in a digital signal processor environment. A predetermined threshold value, a predetermined automatic gain control value, and a predetermined count threshold value are established and stored in a data memory associated with a signal processor. Each incoming signal sample that is received is multiplied by the AGC value with the product being temporarily stored in the data memory. The absolute value of the resulting product is taken and added to the predetermined threshold value. If the result of this operation results in a signal processor overflow, then the AGC value is reduced and stored back into the data memory. The adjustment period of the AGC value is chosen to be well under the allowable distortion time for speech, dual tone multi-frequency reception, and modem operation.
摘要翻译： 在数字信号处理器环境中提供自动增益控制（AGC）。 建立预定阈值，预定自动增益控制值和预定计数阈值，并将其存储在与信号处理器相关联的数据存储器中。 接收的每个输入信号样本乘以AGC值，产品暂时存储在数据存储器中。 取出所得到的产品的绝对值并将其加到预定的阈值。 如果此操作的结果导致信号处理器溢出，则AGC值被减少并存储回数据存储器。 AGC值的调整周期被选择在语音，双音多频接收和调制解调器操作的允许失真时间之下。
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公开(公告)号：US4491838A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-01
申请号：US402654
申请日：1982-07-28
申请人： Lynn P. West
发明人： Lynn P. West
CPC分类号： H04L12/00 , G06F15/17343 , H04L12/2697 , H04L43/0817 , H04L43/50 , H04L43/0823
摘要： A starloop communication network for intraestablishment communication in a multiterminal processing system includes a digital switch as its central terminal. In the basic mode, the switch is configured so that the input from each terminal is switched back to the next terminal forming a loop network. A central processor in the network need only service the output of the first terminal on the loop and the input from the last terminal. The digital switch includes a port connected to monitor activity on the loop. In the event of a failure, the monitor can determine the failing terminal in the loop by use of a binary search around the loop. The failing terminal will be detected by the monitor and automatically isolated from the loop by the digital switch. The communication network may also be configured to include a plurality of terminal devices of equal performance and intelligence, i.e. a plurality of central processors.
摘要翻译： 用于多终端处理系统中的建立间通信的星形通信网络包括数字交换机作为其中央终端。 在基本模式下，开关被配置为使得每个终端的输入被切换回形成环路网络的下一个终端。 网络中的中央处理器只需要对循环中的第一个终端的输出和最后一个终端的输入进行服务。 数字开关包括连接到监视环路上的活动的端口。 在发生故障的情况下，监视器可以通过使用循环周围的二进制搜索来确定循环中的故障终端。 故障终端将被监视器检测到，并通过数字开关与环路自动隔离。 通信网络还可以被配置为包括具有相同性能和智能的多个终端设备，即多个中央处理器。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06675277B2
公开(公告)日：2004-01-06
申请号：US09912954
申请日：2001-07-25
申请人： Karlon K. West , Lynn P. West
发明人： Karlon K. West , Lynn P. West
IPC分类号： G06F1200
CPC分类号： G06F12/0646 , G06F12/0223
摘要： A method and apparatus for using a memory adapter may allow a system to access the memory adapter. The memory adapter may comprise a list of entries for data within the memory adapter. Each entry may include an adapter memory segment offset, a segment length, a segment status, and a corresponding system memory address. The adapter memory segment offset may be the location of the offset within the memory adapter. A processor may access the adapter memory segment offsets through the system address space. The method and apparatus may be used to perform functions, such as read adapter memory, write adapter memory, insert adapter memory segment, remove an adapter memory segment, scan for an adapter memory segment, scan for a removable adapter memory segment, and potentially other functions.
摘要翻译： 使用存储器适配器的方法和装置可以允许系统访问存储器适配器。 存储器适配器可以包括用于存储器适配器内的数据的条目的列表。 每个条目可以包括适配器存储器段偏移，段长度，段状态和对应的系统存储器地址。 适配器存储器段偏移量可以是存储器适配器内的偏移的位置。 处理器可以通过系统地址空间访问适配器存储器段偏移量。 该方法和装置可用于执行功能，例如读取适配器存储器，写入适配器存储器，插入适配器存储器段，移除适配器存储器段，扫描适配器存储器段，扫描可移动适配器存储器段，以及可能的其他 功能。
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公开(公告)号：US4679001A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-07
申请号：US786912
申请日：1985-10-11
申请人： Lynn P. West
发明人： Lynn P. West
CPC分类号： H03H21/0021 , H03H11/04 , H04Q1/457
摘要： A filter suppresses energy at time varying or ensemble varying frequencies. The filter comprises multiplier sections having sets of values which are dynamically varied during the receipt of time varying or ensemble varying energy. The variation of the values of the multiplier sections provides the suppression of energy at the time varying or ensemble varying frequencies. The sets of values for the multiplier sections are chosen such that the poles of such values lie within the unit circle of the z-plane locus. The location of the poles within the unit circle guarantees that the filter remain stable even though the multipliers may be located in a feedback path. In the preferred embodiment, the dynamically varying filter is used in a dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) receiver.
摘要翻译： 滤波器在时变或整体变化的频率下抑制能量。 滤波器包括乘法器部分，其具有在接收时变或整体变化能量期间动态变化的值集合。 乘法器部分的值的变化提供了在时变或整体变化频率下的能量的抑制。 选择乘法器部分的值集合，使得这些值的极点位于z平面轨迹的单位圆内。 单元圆内极的位置保证滤波器保持稳定，即使乘法器可能位于反馈路径中。 在优选实施例中，动态变化的滤波器用于双音多频（DTMF）接收机。
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公开(公告)号：US4357700A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-02
申请号：US932579
申请日：1978-08-10
CPC分类号： H04L1/007 , H03M13/35 , H04B7/18519 , H04L1/0009 , H04L1/02 , H04L2001/0096
摘要： In a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, for "multi-path" data communication via satellite repeater, the form of transmitted data is varied adaptively to maintain error-free transmission under varying noise conditions. Adjustments are made on a path selective and channel selective basis to protect only the most vulnerable data in specific transmission paths experiencing noise deterioration. Accordingly any multi-channel burst may contain channels of data in both protected and unprotected forms. A predetermined portion of each channel containing data in unprotected format is used explicitly to designate the destination of the accompanying data and implicitly to distinguish the data format as unprotected. In protected format data including error protective coding is transmitted in two contiguous channels along with information in the first channel explicitly distinguishing the protected format. This format-distinguishing information occupies the space allotted in the unprotected format for designating the data destination. The destination of protectively encoded data is explicitly designated in a separate predetermined space in the associated double-channel slot.
摘要翻译： 在时分多址（TDMA）系统中，对于经由卫星转发器的“多路径”数据通信，传输数据的形式自适应地变化，以在变化的噪声条件下维持无差错传输。 在路径选择性和频道选择性基础上进行调整，以保护只有经历噪声恶化的特定传输路径中最脆弱的数据。 因此，任何多信道突发都可以包含受保护和不受保护形式的数据信道。 显式地使用包含无保护格式的数据的每个通道的预定部分来指定伴随数据的目的地并隐含地将数据格式区分为未受保护的数据格式。 在保护格式中包括错误保护编码的数据在两个连续的信道中被传送，同时第一信道中的信息明确区分受保护的格式。 该格式识别信息占据用于指定数据目的地的不受保护格式分配的空间。 保护编码数据的目的地在关联的双通道时隙中的单独的预定空间中被明确指定。
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7.发明授权Modular branch exchange and nodal access units for multiple access systems 失效用于多个接入系统的模块化分支交换和节点接入单元
公开(公告)号：US4009347A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-22
申请号：US537502
申请日：1974-12-30
CPC分类号： H04B7/18528 , H04Q11/04
摘要： Modular digital exchanges linked by earth satellite provide coordinated time division switching and time compressed communication services relative to externally attached telephone and data (user) trunks. Branch exchange modules (NCU's) perform call switching, buffer storage, time compression and activity selective channel assignment handling between individual external user trunks and multi-bit channels of external time division highways (digital links). The latter are linked pyramidally to time division multiple access nodes of the satellite through Network (Nodal) Access Unit modules (NAU's) which perform further time compression handling and adaptive assignment of satellite channels based upon nodal distribution of demand. The NCU modules also provide "local" switching between user trunks and "tandem" linkage directly between NCU's (without NAU and satellite handling). The modules have individual common control processors which inter-communicate via reserved signaling channels on the digital links and satellite. The modularity is in increments suitable for adaptive deployment of connection equipment relative to satellite access nodes (e.g. to adapt to shifts in user populations and/or plant facilities).
摘要翻译： 通过地球卫星连接的模块化数字交换机，相对于外部连接的电话和数据（用户）中继线提供协调的时分切换和时间压缩通信服务。 分支交换模块（NCU）在各个外部用户中继线和外部时分高速公路（数字链路）的多位通道之间执行呼叫切换，缓冲存储，时间压缩和活动选择性信道分配处理。 后者通过网络（节点）访问单元模块（NAU）以金字塔方式与卫星的时分多址接入节点相关联，该模块根据需求的节点分布进行进一步的时间压缩处理和卫星信道的自适应分配。 NCU模块还在NCU（无NAU和卫星处理）之间直接在用户中继线和“串联”链路之间提供“本地”切换。 这些模块具有各自的公共控制处理器，其通过数字链路和卫星上的预留信令信道进行通信。 模块化的增量适用于相对于卫星接入节点的连接设备的自适应部署（例如，以适应用户群体和/或设备设施中的移动）。
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公开(公告)号：US06892298B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-10
申请号：US09915109
申请日：2001-07-25
申请人： Lynn P. West
发明人： Lynn P. West
IPC分类号： G06F9/45 , G06F9/46 , G06F9/50 , G06F12/00 , G06F12/02 , G06F12/08 , G06F12/10 , G06F12/14 , G06F13/14 , G06F13/16 , G06F13/28
CPC分类号： G06F9/5016 , G06F8/457 , G06F9/52 , G06F9/544 , G06F12/0284 , G06F12/0817 , G06F12/0837 , G06F12/0862 , G06F12/109 , G06F13/28 , G06F2212/507
摘要： Systems and methods are described for a load/store micropacket handling system. A method includes interconnecting a compute node with a shared memory node; translating a processor instruction into an interconnect command; transforming the interconnect command into a direct memory access interconnect command; transmitting the direct memory access interconnect command via a link medium; and performing an operation defined by the direct memory access interconnect command. An apparatus includes a computer network, including: a compute node, having: a compute node interconnect interface unit; and a compute node interconnect adapter; a link medium, coupled to the compute node; and a shared memory node, coupled to the link medium, having: a shared memory node interconnect interface unit; and a shared memory node interconnect adapter.
摘要翻译： 系统和方法描述为一个加载/存储微型处理系统。 一种方法包括将计算节点与共享存储器节点相互连接; 将处理器指令转换为互连命令; 将互连命令转换为直接存储器访问互连命令; 通过链路介质发送直接存储器访问互连命令; 并执行由直接存储器访问互连命令定义的操作。 一种装置，包括：计算机网络，包括：计算节点，具有：计算节点互连接口单元; 和计算节点互连适配器; 耦合到所述计算节点的链路介质; 以及耦合到所述链路介质的共享存储器节点，具有：共享存储器节点互连接口单元; 和共享存储器节点互连适配器。
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公开(公告)号：US4785418A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-15
申请号：US901904
申请日：1986-08-29
申请人： Harold B. Pearce , Lynn P. West
发明人： Harold B. Pearce , Lynn P. West
CPC分类号： H03G3/3089 , H03G7/007
摘要： Automatic gain control in a digital signal processor. An incoming electrical signal is sampled and multiplied by a gain factor with the resulting product compared to a constantly changing maximum value. If the magnitude of the changing maximum value lies outside a predetermined range of values, then the gain factor is adjusted proportionally to the error calculated by the amount the maximum value is outside the threshold range. In an alternative embodiment, the gain is adjusted according to whether or not one of the resulting products lies outside such upper and lower threshold range. The running maximum value decays with time in order to allow the automatic gain control to rack a signal which slowly weakens in strength. A time dependent factor enables the gain to be adjusted much more radically when a signal is first received.
摘要翻译： 数字信号处理器中的自动增益控制。 输入的电信号被采样并乘以一个增益因子，所得到的乘积与恒定变化的最大值相比较。 如果变化的最大值的大小在预定值范围之外，则增益因子与由最大值超出阈值范围的量计算的误差成比例地调整。 在替代实施例中，根据所得到的产品中的一个是否位于这样的上限和下限阈值范围之外来调整增益。 运行最大值随着时间而衰减，以便允许自动增益控制架起强度缓慢减弱的信号。 时间依赖因子使得当首次接收到信号时，可以更大程度地调整增益。
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公开(公告)号：US4712221A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-08
申请号：US901901
申请日：1986-08-29
申请人： Harold B. Pearce , Lynn P. West
发明人： Harold B. Pearce , Lynn P. West
IPC分类号： H04L27/38 , H04L27/00 , H04L27/227 , H04B1/16
CPC分类号： H04L27/2273 , H04L2027/0067
摘要： A method and apparatus are described for phase and frequency locking a reference oscillator to an incoming modulated signal. The method and apparatus enable the carrier recovery of the incoming modulated signal. Phase and frequency locking devices are connected in feedback loops with a coherent detector that determine the amount of phase and frequency error between the reference oscillator of the coherent detector and the incoming modulated signal. The feedback loops correct such frequency and phase error so as to enable the reference oscillator to be in phase and frequency step with the modulated signal.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于将参考振荡器相位和频率锁定到输入调制信号的方法和装置。 该方法和装置使载波恢复输入的调制信号。 相位和频率锁定装置连接在具有相干检测器的反馈环路中，该相干检测器确定相干检测器的参考振荡器与输入的调制信号之间的相位和频率误差量。 反馈回路校正这种频率和相位误差，以使基准振荡器与调制信号同步和频率步进。
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