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    Highly-efficient near-field thermophotovoltaics using surface-polariton emitters and thin-film photovoltaic-cell absorbers
    2.
    发明授权
    Highly-efficient near-field thermophotovoltaics using surface-polariton emitters and thin-film photovoltaic-cell absorbers 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11005413B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-05-11

    申请号：US15864634

    申请日：2018-01-08

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Aristeidis Karalis ,  John D. Joannopoulos

    IPC: H02S10/30 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H02S40/40 ,  H01L31/04

    Abstract: A near-field ThermoPhotoVoltaic system comprises a hot emitter and a cold absorbing PhotoVoltaic cell separated by a small gap. The emitter emits hot photons and includes a polaritonic material that supports a surface-polaritonic mode. The PhotoVoltaic cell has a metallic back electrode and includes a semiconductor that absorbs the photons and supports guided photonic modes. The surface-polaritonic mode and the first guided photonic mode resonantly couple at a frequency slightly above the semiconductor bandgap. The system material and geometrical parameters are such that the surface-polaritonic mode and the first guided photonic mode are approximately impedance-matched, so that power is transmitted at frequencies just above the semiconductor bandgap, even for relatively large gap widths, while the power transmitted at other frequencies is relatively small, leading to high system efficiency. Also described the PhotoVoltaic cell's front electrode, which may include highly-doped semiconductor regions, thin conducting oxide or silver films, or graphene layers.

    Discriminating electromagnetic radiation based on angle of incidence
    5.
    再颁专利
    Discriminating electromagnetic radiation based on angle of incidence 有权

    公开(公告)号：USRE47157E1

    公开(公告)日：2018-12-11

    申请号：US15620417

    申请日：2017-06-12

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Rafif E. Hamam ,  Peter Bermel ,  Ivan Celanovic ,  Marin Soljacic ,  Adrian Y. X. Yeng ,  Michael Ghebrebrhan ,  John D. Joannopoulos

    IPC: G02B27/42 ,  G02B6/122 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  H01L31/0216 ,  H01L31/04 ,  H02S10/30

    Abstract: The present invention provides systems, articles, and methods for discriminating electromagnetic radiation based upon the angle of incidence of the electromagnetic radiation. In some cases, the materials and systems described herein can be capable of inhibiting reflection of electromagnetic radiation (e.g., the materials and systems can be capable of transmitting and/or absorbing electromagnetic radiation) within a given range of angles of incidence at a first incident surface, while substantially reflecting electromagnetic radiation outside the range of angles of incidence at a second incident surface (which can be the same as or different from the first incident surface). A photonic material comprising a plurality of periodically occurring separate domains can be used, in some cases, to selectively transmit and/or selectively absorb one portion of incoming electromagnetic radiation while reflecting another portion of incoming electromagnetic radiation, based upon the angle of incidence. In some embodiments, one domain of the photonic material can include an isotropic dielectric function, while another domain of the photonic material can include an anisotropic dielectric function. In some instances, one domain of the photonic material can include an isotropic magnetic permeability, while another domain of the photonic material can include an anisotropic magnetic permeability. In some embodiments, non-photonic materials (e.g., materials with relatively large scale features) can be used to selectively absorb incoming electromagnetic radiation based on angle of incidence.

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