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公开(公告)号：US10694122B2
公开(公告)日：2020-06-23
申请号：US16103366
申请日：2018-08-14
发明人： Michael W. Kelly , Megan H. Blackwell , Curtis B. Colonero , James Wey , Christopher David , Justin Baker , Joseph Costa
IPC分类号： H04N5/355 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/232 , H04N5/3745
摘要： When imaging bright objects, a conventional detector array can saturate, making it difficult to produce an image with a dynamic range that equals the scene's dynamic range. Conversely, a digital focal plane array (DFPA) with one or more m-bit counters can produce an image whose dynamic range is greater than the native dynamic range. In one example, the DFPA acquires a first image over a relatively brief integration period at a relatively low gain setting. The DFPA then acquires a second image over longer integration period and/or a higher gain setting. During this second integration period, counters may roll over, possibly several times, to capture a residue modulus 2m of the number of counts (as opposed to the actual number of counts). A processor in or coupled to the DFPA generates a high-dynamic range image based on the first image and the residues modulus 2m.
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公开(公告)号：US09768785B2
公开(公告)日：2017-09-19
申请号：US14850067
申请日：2015-09-10
发明人： Kenneth I. Schultz , Brian Tyrrell , Michael W. Kelly , Curtis B. Colonero , Lawrence M. Candell , Daniel Mooney
CPC分类号： H03K21/023 , G11C19/00 , H03K23/548 , H03M1/001 , H03M1/004 , H03M1/123 , H03M1/60
摘要： Digital focal plane arrays (DFPAs) with multiple counters per unit cell can be used to convert analog signals to digital data and to filter the digital data. Exemplary DFPAs include two-dimensional arrays of unit cells, where each unit cell is coupled to a corresponding photodetector in a photodetector array. Each unit cell converts photocurrent from its photodetector to a digital pulse train that is coupled to multiple counters in the unit cell. Each counter in each unit cell can be independently controlled to filter the pulse train by counting up or down and/or by transferring data as desired. For example, a unit cell may perform in-phase/quadrature filtering of homodyne- or heterodyne-detected photocurrent with two counters: a first counter toggled between increment and decrement modes with an in-phase signal and a second counter toggled between increment and decrement modes with a quadrature signal.
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公开(公告)号：US10079984B2
公开(公告)日：2018-09-18
申请号：US15463590
申请日：2017-03-20
发明人： Michael W. Kelly , Megan H. Blackwell , Curtis B. Colonero , James Wey , Christopher David , Justin Baker , Joseph Costa
IPC分类号： H04N5/355 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/3745
CPC分类号： H04N5/35581 , H04N5/23254 , H04N5/23267 , H04N5/2355 , H04N5/355 , H04N5/35572 , H04N5/37455
摘要： When imaging bright objects, a conventional detector array can saturate, making it difficult to produce an image with a dynamic range that equals the scene's dynamic range. Conversely, a digital focal plane array (DFPA) with one or more m-bit counters can produce an image whose dynamic range is greater than the native dynamic range. In one example, the DFPA acquires a first image over a relatively brief integration period at a relatively low gain setting. The DFPA then acquires a second image over longer integration period and/or a higher gain setting. During this second integration period, counters may roll over, possibly several times, to capture a residue modulus 2m of the number of counts (as opposed to the actual number of counts). A processor in or coupled to the DFPA generates a high-dynamic range image based on the first image and the residues modulus 2m.
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4.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20180184024A1
公开(公告)日：2018-06-28
申请号：US15851611
申请日：2017-12-21
CPC分类号： H04N5/35554 , H04N5/23254 , H04N5/23267 , H04N5/2355 , H04N5/355 , H04N5/35572 , H04N5/37206 , H04N5/3743 , H04N5/378
摘要： In time-delay-and-integrate (TDI) imaging, a charge-couple device (CCD) integrates and transfers charge across its columns. Unfortunately, the limited well depth of the CCD limits the dynamic range of the resulting image. Fortunately, TDI imaging can be implemented with a digital focal plane array (DFPA) that includes a detector, analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and counter in each pixel and transfer circuitry connected adjacent pixels. During each integration period in the TDI scan, each detector in the DFPA generates a photocurrent that the corresponding ADC turns into digital pulses, which the corresponding counter counts. Between integration periods, the DFPA transfers the counts from one column to the next, just like in a TDI CCD. The DFPA also non-destructively transfers some or all of the counts to a separate memory. A processor uses these counts to estimate photon flux and correct any rollovers caused by “saturation” of the counters.
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公开(公告)号：US11632507B2
公开(公告)日：2023-04-18
申请号：US17577867
申请日：2022-01-18
发明人： Michael W. Kelly , Megan H. Blackwell , Curtis Colonero , James Wey , Christopher David , Justin Baker , Joseph Costa
IPC分类号： H04N5/355 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/232 , H04N5/3745
摘要： When imaging bright objects, a conventional detector array can saturate, making it difficult to produce an image with a dynamic range that equals the scene's dynamic range. Conversely, a digital focal plane array (DFPA) with one or more m-bit counters can produce an image whose dynamic range is greater than the native dynamic range. In one example, the DFPA acquires a first image over a relatively brief integration period at a relatively low gain setting. The DFPA then acquires a second image over longer integration period and/or a higher gain setting. During this second integration period, counters may roll over, possibly several times, to capture a residue modulus 2m of the number of counts (as opposed to the actual number of counts). A processor in or coupled to the DFPA generates a high-dynamic range image based on the first image and the residues modulus 2m.
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公开(公告)号：US20170208274A1
公开(公告)日：2017-07-20
申请号：US15463590
申请日：2017-03-20
发明人： Michael W. Kelly , Megan H. Blackwell , Curtis B. Colonero , James Wey , Christopher David , Justin Baker , Joseph Costa
IPC分类号： H04N5/355 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/3745
CPC分类号： H04N5/35581 , H04N5/23254 , H04N5/23267 , H04N5/2355 , H04N5/355 , H04N5/35572 , H04N5/37455
摘要： When imaging bright objects, a conventional detector array can saturate, making it difficult to produce an image with a dynamic range that equals the scene's dynamic range. Conversely, a digital focal plane array (DFPA) with one or more m-bit counters can produce an image whose dynamic range is greater than the native dynamic range. In one example, the DFPA acquires a first image over a relatively brief integration period at a relatively low gain setting. The DFPA then acquires a second image over longer integration period and/or a higher gain setting. During this second integration period, counters may roll over, possibly several times, to capture a residue modulus 2m of the number of counts (as opposed to the actual number of counts). A processor in or coupled to the DFPA generates a high-dynamic range image based on the first image and the residues modulus 2m.
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20190124279A1
公开(公告)日：2019-04-25
申请号：US16163910
申请日：2018-10-18
摘要： In time-delay-and-integrate (TDI) imaging, a charge-couple device (CCD) integrates and transfers charge across its columns. Unfortunately, the limited well depth of the CCD limits the dynamic range of the resulting image. Fortunately, TDI imaging can be implemented with a digital focal plane array (DFPA) that includes a detector, analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and counter in each pixel and transfer circuitry connected adjacent pixels. During each integration period in the TDI scan, each detector in the DFPA generates a photocurrent that the corresponding ADC turns into digital pulses, which the corresponding counter counts. Between integration periods, the DFPA transfers the counts from one column to the next, just like in a TDI CCD. The DFPA also non-destructively transfers some or all of the counts to a separate memory. A processor uses these counts to estimate photon flux and correct any rollovers caused by “saturation” of the counters.
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公开(公告)号：US09615038B2
公开(公告)日：2017-04-04
申请号：US14995557
申请日：2016-01-14
发明人： Michael W. Kelly , Megan H. Blackwell , Curtis B. Colonero , James Wey , Christopher David , Justin Baker , Joseph Costa
IPC分类号： H04N5/355 , H04N5/3745 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/232
CPC分类号： H04N5/35581 , H04N5/23254 , H04N5/23267 , H04N5/2355 , H04N5/355 , H04N5/35572 , H04N5/37455
摘要： When imaging bright objects, a conventional detector array can saturate, making it difficult to produce an image with a dynamic range that equals the scene's dynamic range. Conversely, a digital focal plane array (DFPA) with one or more m-bit counters can produce an image whose dynamic range is greater than the native dynamic range. In one example, the DFPA acquires a first image over a relatively brief integration period at a relatively low gain setting. The DFPA then acquires a second image over longer integration period and/or a higher gain setting. During this second integration period, counters may roll over, possibly several times, to capture a residue modulus 2m of the number of counts (as opposed to the actual number of counts). A processor in or coupled to the DFPA generates a high-dynamic range image based on the first image and the residues modulus 2m.
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公开(公告)号：US11252351B2
公开(公告)日：2022-02-15
申请号：US16897339
申请日：2020-06-10
发明人： Michael W. Kelly , Megan H. Blackwell , Curtis Colonero , James Wey , Christopher David , Justin Baker , Joseph Costa
IPC分类号： H04N5/355 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/232 , H04N5/3745
摘要： When imaging bright objects, a conventional detector array can saturate, making it difficult to produce an image with a dynamic range that equals the scene's dynamic range. Conversely, a digital focal plane array (DFPA) with one or more m-bit counters can produce an image whose dynamic range is greater than the native dynamic range. In one example, the DFPA acquires a first image over a relatively brief integration period at a relatively low gain setting. The DFPA then acquires a second image over longer integration period and/or a higher gain setting. During this second integration period, counters may roll over, possibly several times, to capture a residue modulus 2m of the number of counts (as opposed to the actual number of counts). A processor in or coupled to the DFPA generates a high-dynamic range image based on the first image and the residues modulus 2m.
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公开(公告)号：US10893226B2
公开(公告)日：2021-01-12
申请号：US16434247
申请日：2019-06-07
发明人： Michael W. Kelly , Brian Tyrrell , Curtis Colonero , Robert Berger , Kenneth Schultz , James Wey , Daniel Mooney , Lawrence M Candell
IPC分类号： H04N5/378 , G11B20/00 , H04N5/33 , H04N5/77 , H04N5/913 , H04N21/4223 , H04N21/4408 , H04L9/06 , H04L9/12 , G09C1/00 , G06F21/60
摘要： A digital focal plane array includes an all-digital readout integrated circuit in combination with a detector array. The readout circuit includes unit cell electronics, orthogonal transfer structures, and data handling structures. The unit cell electronics include an analog to digital converter. Orthogonal transfer structures enable the orthogonal transfer of data among the unit cells. Data handling structures may be configured to operate the digital focal plane array as a data encryptor/decipherer. Data encrypted and deciphered by the digital focal plane array need not be image data.
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