摘要:
A hydrogenation catalyst based on an alloy of aluminum and of a transition metal is prepared by preparing a kneaded material from the alloy and an assistant, converting the kneaded material into moldings, calcining the moldings and treating the calcined moldings with an alkali metal hydroxide, by a process in which the assistant used is (a) polyvinyl alcohol and water or (b) stearic acid, and the catalyst prepared according to the invention is used for hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis, in particular the partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles to aliphatic alpha,omega-aminonitriles.
摘要:
Aliphatic alpha,omega-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst by a process which comprises using a catalyst which (a) contains a compound based on a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium and rhodium and (b) contains from 0.01 to 25% by weight, based on (a), of a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, copper, silver, gold, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, tin, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and rare earth metals and (c) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal or on an alkaline earth metal, with the proviso that the component (a) is not based on iron or iron and one of the metals selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium and rhodium when (b) is a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, chromium and molybdenum, and with the further proviso that, when a compound based on only ruthenium or rhodium or ruthenium and rhodium or nickel and rhodium is selected as component (a), the promoter (b) may be dispensed with.
摘要:
Aliphatic alpha, omega-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha, omega-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst by a process which comprises using a catalyst which(a) contains a compound based on a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium and rhodium and(b) contains from 0.01 to 25% by weight, based on (a), of a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, copper, silver, gold, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, tin, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and rare earth metals and(c) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal or on an alkaline earth metal,with the proviso that the component (a) is not based on iron or iron and one of the metals selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium and rhodium when (b) is a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, chromium and molybdenum, and with the further proviso that, when a compound based on only ruthenium or rhodium or ruthenium and rhodium or nickel and rhodium is selected as component (a), the promoter (b) may be dispensed with.
摘要:
Aliphatic alpha,omega-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst by a process which comprises using a catalyst which(a) contains a compound based on a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium and rhodium and(b) contains from 0.01 to 25% by weight, based on (a), of a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, copper, silver, gold, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, tin, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and rare earth metals and(c) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal or on an alkaline earth metal.with the proviso that the component (a) is not based on iron or iron and one of the metals selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium and rhodium when (b) is a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, chromium and molybdenum, and with the further proviso that, when a compound based on only ruthenium or rhodium or ruthenium and rhodium or nickel and rhodium is selected as component (a), the promoter (b) may be dispensed with.
摘要:
A process for the coproduction of 6-aminocapronitrile (ACN) and hexamethylenediamine (HMD) by treatment of adiponitrile (ADN) with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel-containing catalyst at temperatures not below room temperature and elevated hydrogen partial pressure in the presence or absence of a solvent comprises, after the conversion based on ADN and/or the selectivity based on ACN has or have dropped below a defined value(a) interrupting the treatment of ADN with hydrogen by stopping the feed of ADN and of the solvent, if used,(b) treating the catalyst at from 150 to 400.degree. C. with hydrogen using a hydrogen pressure within the range from 0.1 to 30 MPa and a treatment time within the range from 2 to 48 h, and(c) then continuing the hydrogenation of ADN with the treated catalyst of stage (b).
摘要:
A process for the coproduction of 6-aminocapronitrile (ACN) and hexamethylenediamine (HMD) by treatment of adiponitrile (ADN) with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel-containing catalyst at temperatures not below room temperature and elevated hydrogen partial pressure in the presence or absence of a solvent comprises, after the conversion based on ADN and/or the selectivity based on ACN has or have dropped below a defined value (a) interrupting the treatment of ADN with hydrogen by stopping the feed of ADN and of the solvent, if used, (b) treating the catalyst at from 150.degree. to 400.degree. C. with hydrogen using a hydrogen pressure within the range from 0.1 to 30 MPa and a treatment time within the range from 2 to 48 h, and (c) then continuing the hydrogenation of ADN with the treated catalyst of stage (b).
摘要:
Aliphatic .alpha.,.omega.-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic .alpha.,.omega.-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst, by a process in which the catalyst used is obtainable by thermal decomposition of a metal compound selected from the group consisting of metal carbonyl compounds, metal salts of C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -carboxylic acids and C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -dicarboxylic acids and metal complexes with diketones to give the corresponding metal and/or a metal oxide thereof, with the proviso that the metal used is nickel or cobalt.
摘要:
Aliphatic alpha,omega-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst by a process in which the catalyst (a) contains a compound based on a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium and rhodium and (b) contains from 0.01 to 25% by weight, based on (a), of a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, copper, silver, gold, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, tin, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and rare earth metals and (c) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal or on an alkaline earth metal, with the proviso that the component (a) is not based on iron or iron and one of the metals selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium and rhodium when (b) is a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, chromium and molybdenum, and with the further proviso that, when a compound based on only ruthenium or ruthenium and rhodium or nickel and rhodium is selected as component (a), the promoter (b) may be dispensed with.
摘要:
Aliphatic alpha,omega-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst by a process in which the catalyst (a) contains a compound based on a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium and rhodium and (b) contains from 0.01 to 25% by weight, based on (a), of a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, copper, silver, gold, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, tin, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and rare earth metals and (c) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal or on an alkaline earth metal, with the proviso that the component (a) is not based on iron or iron and one of the metals selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium and rhodium when (b) is a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, chromium and molybdenum, and with the further proviso that, when a compound based on only ruthenium or ruthenium and rhodium or nickel and rhodium is selected as component (a), the promoter (b) may be dispensed with.
摘要:
Preparation of heterocyclic aldehydes I ##STR1## (A, B=optionally substituted methylene groups; m, n=1 to 5; m+n>2), by hydrogenation of carboxylic acids IIa ##STR2## or one of their esters IIb derived from a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alcohol, at a temperature of from 200.degree. to 450.degree. C. over a catalyst. The end products are suitable as intermediates for herbicides of the cyclohexanone class.
摘要翻译:PCT No.PCT / EP95 / 02071 Sec。 371日期1997年2月20日 102(e)日期1997年2月20日PCT提交1995年5月31日PCT公布。 WO95 / 33741 PCT出版物 日期1995年12月14日杂环醛的制备(I)(A,B =任选取代的亚甲基; + E,不同m + EE,+ E,不n + EE = 1〜5; + E, m + EE ++ E,uns n + EE> 2),通过羧酸IIa(IIa)或其衍生自C1-C10醇的酯IIb中的一种在200°至450°的温度下氢化 在催化剂上。 最终产品适合作为环己酮类除草剂的中间体。