公开(公告)号：US6094285A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-25

申请号：US759901

申请日：1996-12-04

申请人： Michael G. Wickham ,  John C. Brock ,  Philip H. Wisseman ,  Lawrence J. Lembo

发明人： Michael G. Wickham ,  John C. Brock ,  Philip H. Wisseman ,  Lawrence J. Lembo

IPC分类号： G01R23/16 ,  H04B10/00 ,  H04B10/12 ,  H04B10/155 ,  H04B10/158 ,  H04B10/22 ,  H04J1/00 ,  H04J14/00 ,  H04J14/02

CPC分类号： H04B10/671 ,  H04B10/2575 ,  H04B2210/006

摘要： A channelizer for signals for optically channelizing RF signals modulated onto an optical carrier by optically separating the RF signals and mapping the RF signals by way of an optically dispersive element, such as a diffraction grating. In an alternate embodiment of the invention, two stages of optical filters elements are provided in series to perform sequential channelization. Bragg reflection gratings are used for coarse filtering into predetermined bands while Fabry-Perot filters tuned to specific sub-bands of the Bragg reflection gratings are used for channelization. In alternate embodiments of the invention, a silica planar waveguide and an optical splitting device, such as a Talbot splitter, are used.

摘要翻译： 用于通过光学分离RF信号并通过诸如衍射光栅的光学色散元件映射RF信号来光调制到光载波上的RF信号的信道的信道化器。 在本发明的替代实施例中，串联提供两级光学滤波器元件以执行顺序通道化。 布拉格反射光栅用于粗滤波到预定频带，而布雷格反射光栅的特定子带调谐的法布里 - 珀罗滤波器用于信道化。 在本发明的替代实施例中，使用二氧化硅平面波导和诸如Talbot分离器的分光装置。

公开(公告)号：US06269200B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US09211457

申请日：1998-12-14

申请人： Michael G. Wickham ,  John C. Brock ,  Philip H. Wisseman ,  Lawrence J. Lembo

发明人： Michael G. Wickham ,  John C. Brock ,  Philip H. Wisseman ,  Lawrence J. Lembo

IPC分类号： G02B628

CPC分类号： H04B10/671 ,  H04B10/2575 ,  H04B2210/006

摘要： A channelizer for signals for optically channelizing RF signals modulated onto an optical carrier by optically separating the RF signals and mapping the RF signals by way of an optically dispersive element, such as a diffraction grating. In an alternate embodiment of the invention, two stages of optical filters elements are provided in series to perform sequential channelization. Bragg reflection gratings are used for coarse filtering into predetermined bands while Fabry-Perot filters tuned to specific sub-bands of the Bragg reflection gratings are used for channelization. In alternate embodiments of the invention, a silica planar waveguide and a optical splitting device, such as a Talbot splitter, are used.

摘要翻译： 用于通过光学分离RF信号并通过诸如衍射光栅的光学色散元件映射RF信号来光调制到光载波上的RF信号的信道的信道化器。 在本发明的替代实施例中，串联提供两级光学滤波器元件以执行顺序通道化。 布拉格反射光栅用于粗滤波到预定频带，而布雷格反射光栅的特定子带调谐的法布里 - 珀罗滤波器用于信道化。 在本发明的替代实施例中，使用二氧化硅平面波导和诸如Talbot分离器的分光装置。

公开(公告)号：US5870216A

公开(公告)日：1999-02-09

申请号：US826957

申请日：1997-04-09

申请人： John C. Brock ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  David L. Rollins

发明人： John C. Brock ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  David L. Rollins

IPC分类号： G02B26/08 ,  H04B7/185 ,  H04B10/00 ,  H04B10/02 ,  H04B10/04 ,  H04B10/06 ,  H04B10/142 ,  H04B10/152 ,  H04Q3/52 ,  H04Q11/00

CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 ,  H04B10/801 ,  H04B7/18515 ,  H04Q11/0001 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0015 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0026

摘要： A splitterless optical broadcast switch (110) for routing a plurality of optical carrier signals. The splitterless optical broadcast switch (110) includes an optical source (112) for generating a plurality of unmodulated optical carrier signals. A first stage routing module (114) routes the plurality of unmodulated optical carrier signals. A modulating module (116) receives a plurality of RF input signals and modulates each of the RF input signals onto any number of the unmodulated optical carrier signals to generate a plurality of modulated optical carrier signals. A second stage routing module (118) routes the plurality of modulated optical carrier signals complimentary to the first stage routing module (114). An output module (120) receives the plurality of modulated optical carrier signals such that the optical output from the optical source (112) is paired to a complimentary optical input of the output module (120).

摘要翻译： 一种用于路由多个光载波信号的无分离器光广播开关（110）。 无分路器光学广播开关（110）包括用于产生多个未调制的光载波信号的光源（112）。 第一级路由模块（114）路由多个未调制的光载波信号。 调制模块（116）接收多个RF输入信号并且将每个RF输入信号调制到任何数量的未调制的光载波信号上，以产生多个调制的光载波信号。 第二级路由模块（118）将所述多个调制的光载波信号相互协调地路由到第一级路由模块（114）。 输出模块（120）接收多个调制光载波信号，使得来自光源（112）的光输出与输出模块（120）的互补光输入成对。

公开(公告)号：US5402259A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-28

申请号：US54661

申请日：1993-04-23

申请人： Lawrence J. Lembo ,  John C. Brock

发明人： Lawrence J. Lembo ,  John C. Brock

IPC分类号： G02F1/017 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02B6/10

CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 ,  G02F1/017 ,  G02F1/01708 ,  G02F2203/19

摘要： Apparatus, and a corresponding method for it use, for directly modulating an optical carrier with a radio-frequency (rf) electrical signal. A semiconductor electroabsorptive modulator is operated at an optical wavelength and electrical bias voltage carefully selected to provide a near-linear electrical-to-optical transfer characteristic and to keep rf insertion loss low. Further reduction of insertion loss is achieved by use of an extremely short device, or a single quantum well device configuration, or both. Linearity is further optimized by choosing an appropriate combination of optical polarization mode, optical reflectivity of the device facets, and the number and physical properties of multiple quantum wells.

摘要翻译： 装置及其相应的方法用于使用射频（RF）电信号直接调制光载波。 半导体电吸收调制器在光学波长和电偏压下工作，小心选择提供近线性的电 - 光传输特性并保持rf插入损耗低。 通过使用极短的器件或单个量子阱器件配置或两者来实现插入损耗的进一步降低。 通过选择光学偏振模式，器件面的光学反射率以及多个量子阱的数量和物理性质的适当组合来进一步优化线性度。

公开(公告)号：US06292119B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-18

申请号：US09345295

申请日：1999-06-30

申请人： Juan C. Carillo, Jr. ,  Bruce A. Ferguson ,  Richard A. Fields ,  Mark Kintis ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Stephen R. Perkins ,  David L. Rollins ,  Eric L. Upton

发明人： Juan C. Carillo, Jr. ,  Bruce A. Ferguson ,  Richard A. Fields ,  Mark Kintis ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Stephen R. Perkins ,  David L. Rollins ,  Eric L. Upton

IPC分类号： H03M100

CPC分类号： G02F7/00

摘要： An optical analog-to-digital converter (10) that makes use of a downward-folding successive approximation conversion scheme that employs subtraction of optical signals. A pulsed optical signal (20) to be converted is applied as an input to each of a plurality of converter channels (12, 14, 16, 18), where each channel (12, 14, 16, 18) outputs one of the bits of the digital output of the converter (10). The input signal (20) to each channel (12, 14, 16, 18) is sent to a thresholding device (24, 40, 60, 80) that determines whether the intensity of the signal is greater than or less than a predetermined threshold value. The first channel thresholding device (24) compares the input signal (20) to a threshold value that is one-half of a known maximum intensity. Subsequent channel thresholding devices (40, 60, 80) compare the input signal to a threshold value that is one-half of the intensity used in the previous channel in a downward-folding scheme. If the intensity of the input signal (20) is greater than the threshold value in a particular channel (12, 14, 16, 18), then that threshold value is subtracted from the input signal (20) in each of the successive channels before being applied to the thresholding device (40, 60, 80) in that channel (14, 16, 18). The subtraction elements (38, 56, 58, 74, 76, 78) can be saturable absorbers or electro-absorption modules in a particular design. Additionally, the control signals from a particular channel (12, 14, 16, 18) to each of the successive channels to determine whether subtraction will occur can be provided by an optically controlled switch (30, 46, 66), such as a saturable absorber, or an electrically controlled switch, such as an electro-absorption module.

摘要翻译： 一种光学模数转换器（10），其使用采用减法光信号的向下折叠逐次逼近转换方案。 将要转换的脉冲光信号（20）作为输入施加到多个转换器通道（12,14,16,18）中的每一个，其中每个通道（12,14,16,18）输出其中一个位 的转换器（10）的数字输出。 每个通道（12,14,16,18）的输入信号（20）被发送到阈值设备（24,40,60,80），其确定信号的强度是否大于或小于预定阈值 值。 第一信道阈值设备（24）将输入信号（20）与已知最大强度的二分之一的阈值进行比较。 随后的信道阈值设备（40,60,80）将输入信号与向下折叠方案中先前信道中使用的强度的一半的阈值进行比较。 如果输入信号（20）的强度大于特定通道（12,14,16,18）中的阈值，则在每个连续通道中的输入信号（20）中减去该阈值，之后 被施加到该通道（14,16,18）中的阈值设备（40,60,80）。 减法元件（38,56,58,74,76,78）可以是特定设计中的可饱和吸收器或电吸收模块。 另外，来自特定通道（12,14,16,18）到每个连续通道的控制信号可以由光控开关（30,46,66）提供，以确定是否发生减法，例如可饱和的 吸收器或电控开关，例如电吸收模块。

公开(公告)号：US6035079A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-07

申请号：US133032

申请日：1998-08-11

申请人： Richard A. Fields ,  David L. Rollins ,  Stephen R. Perkins ,  Eric L. Upton ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Juan C. Carillo, Jr. ,  Mark Kintis

发明人： Richard A. Fields ,  David L. Rollins ,  Stephen R. Perkins ,  Eric L. Upton ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Juan C. Carillo, Jr. ,  Mark Kintis

IPC分类号： G02F1/21 ,  G02F1/35 ,  G02F3/00 ,  G02B6/26

CPC分类号： G02F3/00 ,  G02F1/21 ,  G02F1/3523 ,  G02F2001/212

摘要： An optical inverter (10) that uses a saturable absorber (28) to distinguish between a logical one and a logical zero. A low power laser (18) generates an optical beam that is split into a first beam that propagates among a first beam path (24) and a second beam that propagates along a second beam path (26). The saturable absorber (28) is an optical switch that is positioned in the first beam path (24), and is switched from an opaque mode to a transparent mode when it receives an optical input signal. The first beam and the second beam are recombined as an optical output beam in an optical combiner (30). The first beam path (24) and the second beam path (26) have a length relative to each other such that the first and second beams are 180.degree. out of phase when they reach the optical combiner (30). Therefore, if the saturable absorber (28) is switched to the transparent mode, the first and second beams combine destructively and the optical output beam is dark, or a logical zero. When the saturable absorber (28) is in the opaque mode, the first beam is blocked so that the optical output beam is the second beam, providing a logical one. A second saturable absorber (34) can be provided to receive the optical output beam from the combiner (30) to absorb residual light when the output beam is dark. Additionally, an optical amplifier (36) can be provided to receive the optical output beam from the combiner (30) to amplify the optical output beam to a consistent, predetermined output level.

摘要翻译： 一种光学逆变器（10），其使用可饱和吸收器（28）来区分逻辑1和逻辑零点。 低功率激光器（18）产生光束，其被分裂成在沿第二光束路径（26）传播的第一光束路径（24）和第二光束之间传播的第一光束。 可饱和吸收器（28）是位于第一光束路径（24）中的光学开关，当其接收到光学输入信号时，从不透明模式切换到透明模式。 第一光束和第二光束在光合成器（30）中被重新组合为光输出光束。 第一光束路径（24）和第二光束路径（26）具有相对于彼此的长度，使得当第一和第二光束到达光合成器（30）时，第一和第二光束相位相差180度。 因此，如果可饱和吸收器（28）切换到透明模式，则第一和第二光束相消合并且光输出光束变暗或逻辑零。 当可饱和吸收器（28）处于不透明模式时，第一光束被阻挡，使得光输出光束是第二光束，提供逻辑的。 可以提供第二可饱和吸收器（34）以在组合器（30）处接收光输出光束以在输出光束较暗时吸收残余光。 另外，可以提供光放大器（36）以从组合器（30）接收光输出光束，以将光输出光束放大到一致的预定输出电平。

公开(公告)号：US6160930A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-12

申请号：US133036

申请日：1998-08-11

申请人： Bruce A. Ferguson ,  Richard A. Fields ,  Mark Kintis ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Stephen R. Perkins ,  David L. Rollins ,  Eric L. Upton

发明人： Bruce A. Ferguson ,  Richard A. Fields ,  Mark Kintis ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Stephen R. Perkins ,  David L. Rollins ,  Eric L. Upton

IPC分类号： G02B6/00 ,  G02F7/00 ,  H03M1/36 ,  H04B10/02 ,  G02B6/26

CPC分类号： H03M1/368 ,  G02F7/00

摘要： The optical hold unit (100) of the present invention includes an optical modulator (108) that has an electrical input, an optical input, and an optical output. A 1.times.N optical splitter (106) is also provided that has an optical input and N optical outputs. In addition, N optical paths (112) are individually coupled to the N optical outputs and carry one of the N output signals. Each optical path has an associated propagation delay. Optical delay elements may be located in any of the N optical paths that carry the output signals. The optical delay elements serve to lengthen the propagation delay (114a-e) of the optical path (112a-e) in which the optical delay element is located. In an alternative embodiment, the optical hold unit (200) includes an optical modulator (108) that has an electrical input, an optical input, and an optical output. An optical resonator (202) is also provided and connected to the optical output of the modulator (108). The optical resonator (202) also includes a partially transmissive output (222) to which an optical path is connected. The optical resonator (202) may also include a gain medium (208) or an optical switch (210).

摘要翻译： 本发明的光学保持单元（100）包括具有电输入，光输入和光输出的光调制器（108）。 还提供了具有光输入和N个光输出的1xN光分路器（106）。 此外，N个光路（112）分别耦合到N个光输出并传送N个输出信号中的一个。 每个光路具有相关联的传播延迟。 光延迟元件可以位于承载输出信号的N个光路中的任一个中。 光延迟元件用于延长光延迟元件所位于的光路（112a-e）的传播延迟（114a-e）。 在替代实施例中，光学保持单元（200）包括具有电输入，光输入和光输出的光调制器（108）。 光学谐振器（202）也被提供并连接到调制器（108）的光输出端。 光谐振器（202）还包括连接光路的部分透射输出（222）。 光谐振器（202）还可以包括增益介质（208）或光开关（210）。

公开(公告)号：US5825791A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

申请号：US520349

申请日：1995-08-28

申请人： Hagop Injeyan ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Randall J. St. Pierre ,  Marcy M. Valley

发明人： Hagop Injeyan ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Randall J. St. Pierre ,  Marcy M. Valley

IPC分类号： H01S3/05 ,  G02F1/03 ,  H01S3/00 ,  H01S3/10 ,  H01S3/16 ,  H01S3/23

CPC分类号： H01S3/0057 ,  H01S3/10076 ,  H01S3/2333

摘要： A high power laser source having a preselected broad bandwidth, including a master oscillator providing a single-mode laser beam, a resonant electro-optical modulator and a source of radio-frequency (rf) modulation voltage, to produce a modulator output beam having sidebands spaced on each side of the nominal frequency of the single-mode laser beam. The bandwidth and the number of modes may be varied by controlling the voltage applied to the modulator. At least one additional modulator in series with the first provides for the addition of other sidebands overlaying those generated with just one modulator. In another embodiment of the invention, the modulator is installed in a PC MOPA (phase conjugated master oscillator power amplifier) configuration to provide modulation only on the return path of the beam from a phase conjugation device having a stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) medium. Because the electro-optical modulator is sensitive to polarization direction, it can be oriented to be effective only for the return beam, which has a different direction of polarization from that of the single-mode laser beam, thus optimizing the performance of the SBS medium.

摘要翻译： 具有预选宽带宽的高功率激光源，包括提供单模激光束的主振荡器，谐振电光调制器和射频（RF）调制电压源），以产生具有边带的调制器输出光束 在单模激光束的标称频率的每一侧隔开。 可以通过控制施加到调制器的电压来改变带宽和模式数量。 与第一个串联的至少一个附加调制器提供了与仅用一个调制器产生的边带重叠的其他边带的添加。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，调制器安装在PC MOPA（相位共轭主振荡器功率放大器）配置中，以仅提供来自具有受激布里渊散射（SBS）介质的相位共轭装置的波束的返回路径的调制。 因为电光调制器对极化方向敏感，所以它可以被定向为仅对于具有与单模激光束的偏振方向不同的返回光束有效，从而优化SBS介质的性能 。

公开(公告)号：US06515784B2

公开(公告)日：2003-02-04

申请号：US09840858

申请日：2001-04-24

申请人： Juan C. Carillo, Jr. ,  Bruce A. Ferguson ,  Richard A. Fields ,  Mark Kintis ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Stephen R. Perkins ,  David L. Rollins ,  Eric L. Upton

发明人： Juan C. Carillo, Jr. ,  Bruce A. Ferguson ,  Richard A. Fields ,  Mark Kintis ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Stephen R. Perkins ,  David L. Rollins ,  Eric L. Upton

IPC分类号： G02F103

CPC分类号： G02F3/00 ,  G02F1/3515

摘要： An optical inverting system employs a first optical structure having an index of refraction that varies with the intensity of an incident beam and a second optical structure having a constant index of refraction, and forming an interface therebetween. An optical pulse stream is combined with a laser beam and the combined beam is applied to the first optical structure, impinging the interface at a predetermined angle of incidence. If the angle of incidence is less than a critical angle, the beam is refracted into the second optical structure. If the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, the beam is completely reflected at the interface. Thus the output of the second optical structure is an inversion, and the output of the first optical structure is a level shifted replica, of the optical digital pulse stream.

公开(公告)号：US06121907A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-19

申请号：US133038

申请日：1998-08-11

申请人： Richard A. Fields ,  David L. Rollins ,  Stephen R. Perkins ,  Eric L. Upton ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Juan C. Carillo, Jr. ,  Mark Kintis

发明人： Richard A. Fields ,  David L. Rollins ,  Stephen R. Perkins ,  Eric L. Upton ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  Lawrence J. Lembo ,  Juan C. Carillo, Jr. ,  Mark Kintis

IPC分类号： G02F7/00 ,  H03M1/00

CPC分类号： G02F7/00

摘要： An optical analog-to-digital converter (10) which fully operates in the optical domain and utilizes an upward-folding successive approximation approach for conversion. The converter (10) includes a plurality of optical stages (14, 16, 18) where each stage (14, 16, 18) generates a digital bit. Each stage (14, 16, 18) includes an optical threshold switch (30, 56, 78) that sets the bit high when the switch (30, 56, 78) is closed. When a sample amplitude of the analog signal is compared to a threshold value and found to exceed the threshold value, the bit is set to "high" and the sample is passed directly onto the next stage (14, 16, 18). If the sample amplitude is found to be less than the threshold value, the bit is set to "low" and an intensity equal to the maximum signal intensity minus the threshold intensity is added to the sample amplitude. Each successive stage (14, 16, 18) compares the normalized signal sample to thresholds growing closer and closer to the maximum signal intensity. Multiple bits can be obtained by cascading stages.

摘要翻译： 一种光学模拟 - 数字转换器（10），其在光学域中完全操作并且利用向上折叠的逐次逼近方法进行转换。 转换器（10）包括多个光学级（14,16,18），其中每个级（14,16,18）产生数字位。 每个级（14,16,18）包括一个光学阈值开关（30,56,78），当开关（30,56,78）关闭时，它将位置高。 当将模拟信号的采样幅度与阈值进行比较并发现超过阈值时，将该位设置为“高”，并将样本直接传递到下一级（14,16,18）。 如果发现样品振幅小于阈值，则该位被设置为“低”，并且将等于最大信号强度减去阈值强度的强度加到样本幅度上。 每个连续级（14,16,18）将归一化信号样本与越来越接近最大信号强度的阈值进行比较。 可以通过级联级获得多个位。