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    Partial oxidation process with second stage addition of iron containing additive
    1.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation process with second stage addition of iron containing additive 失效
    第二阶段加入含铁添加剂的部分氧化工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4778484A

    公开(公告)日：1988-10-18

    申请号：US101519

    申请日：1987-09-28

    申请人： Mitri S. Najjar ,  Robert M. Suggitt

    发明人： Mitri S. Najjar ,  Robert M. Suggitt

    IPC分类号： C10J3/46

    CPC分类号： C10J3/466 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  Y10S48/02

    摘要： Synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas is produced by the noncatalytic partial oxidation of a sulfur-containing liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel or a slurry of sulfur-containing solid carbonaceous fuel with a free-oxygen containing gas in the first free-flow reaction zone located in a refractory lined gas generator at an autogenous temperature in the range of about 1900.degree. F. to 2900.degree. F. and above the ash-fusion temperature of the slag formed in the reaction zone. About 85 to 99 weight percent of the carbon in the fuel feed to the reaction zone is converted into carbon oxides. At least a portion of the hot effluent gas stream from the reaction zone is passed through a free-flow second reaction zone R.sub.2 in admixture with a second portion of sulfur-containing fuel and an iron-containing additive. In the second reaction zone the carbon in the second portion of fuel, unconverted fuel and particulate matter from R.sub.1 react with H.sub.2 O and/or CO.sub.2 to produce supplemental H.sub.2 and/or carbon oxides. Further, at least a portion of the sulfur-containing gases e.g. H.sub.2 S and COS react with the iron-containing additive to produce particulate matter comprising iron oxysulfide. Further, a portion of this newly formed particulate matter and/or the iron-containing additive combine with molten slag and/or ash in the hot raw gas stream passing through the second gas cooler. The slag produced thereby has a reduced ash fusion temperature and a reduced viscosity. The remainder of the newly formed particulate matter comprising iron oxysulfide and particulate carbon are entrained in the effluent gas stream leaving the second reaction zone and are separated from the effluent gas stream and optionally recycled to the partial oxidation reaction zone in admixture with fresh fuel feed.

    摘要翻译： 在位于第一自由流动反应区的含硫液体烃类燃料或含硫固体碳质燃料与含游离氧气体的浆料的非催化部分氧化产生合成气体，燃料气体或还原性气体 在惰性温度范围为1900°F至2900°F的高温耐火衬里气体发生器中，高于在反应区中形成的炉渣的灰熔融温度。 进入反应区域的燃料进料中的约85-99重量％的碳被转化为碳氧化物。 来自反应区的至少一部分热流出物流与第二部分含硫燃料和含铁添加剂混合，通过自由流动的第二反应区R2。 在第二反应区中，燃料的第二部分中的碳，未转化的燃料和来自R1的颗粒物质与H 2 O和/或CO 2反应以产生补充的H 2和/或碳氧化物。 此外，至少一部分含硫气体例如 H 2 S和COS与含铁添加剂反应产生包含硫氧化铁的颗粒物质。 此外，这种新形成的颗粒物质和/或含铁添加剂的一部分与通过第二气体冷却器的热原料气流中的熔渣和/或灰分相结合。 由此产生的炉渣具有降低的灰熔融温度和降低的粘度。 新形成的包含硫氧化铁和颗粒碳的颗粒物质的剩余部分被夹带在离开第二反应区的流出气流中，并与流出气流分离，并任选地与新鲜燃料进料混合再循环到部分氧化反应区。

    High temperature desulfurization of synthesis gas
    2.
    发明授权
    High temperature desulfurization of synthesis gas 失效
    合成气高温脱硫

    公开(公告)号：US4776860A

    公开(公告)日：1988-10-11

    申请号：US107065

    申请日：1987-10-13

    申请人： Mitri S. Najjar ,  Robert M. Suggitt

    发明人： Mitri S. Najjar ,  Robert M. Suggitt

    IPC分类号： C10J3/46

    CPC分类号： C10J3/466 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  Y10S48/02

    摘要： Synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas is produced by the noncatalytic partial oxidation of a sulfur-containing liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel or a slurry of sulfur-containing solid carbonaceous fuel with a free-oxygen containing gas in a first free-flow reaction zone R.sub.1 located in a refractory lined gas generator at an autogenous temperature in the range of about 190.degree. F. to 2900.degree. F. and above the ash-fusion temperature of the slag formed in the reaction zone. About 85 to 99 weight percent of the carbon in the fuel feed to the reaction zone is converted into carbon oxides. At least a portion of the hot effluent gas stream from the first reaction zone is passed through a free-flow second reaction zone R.sub.2 in admixture with a second portion of sulfur-containing fuel and a calcium-containing additive. An equilibrium oxygen concentration with a partial pressure which is less than about 10.sup.-12 atmosphere is provided in the gas phase in the first and second reaction zones. In the second reaction zone the carbon in the second portion of fuel, unconverted fuel and particulate matter from R.sub.1 react with H.sub.2 O and/or CO.sub. 2 to produce supplemental H.sub.2 and/or carbon oxides. Further, at least a portion of the sulfur-containing gases produced in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 e.g. H.sub.2 S and COS react at high temperature with the calcium-containing additive to produce particulate matter comprising calcium sulfide. Further, a portion of this newly formed particulate matter and/or the calcium-containing additive combine with slag and/or ash in the hot raw gas stream passing through the second gas cooler. Fly-ash is produced thereby having an increased ash softening temperature. The gas stream discharged from the second reaction zone contains a reduced amount of sulfur-containing gases, and increased amounts of H.sub.2 + carbon oxides and calcium sulfide-containing particulate matter.

    摘要翻译： 合成气体，燃料气体或还原性气体是通过在第一自由流动反应区域R1中的含硫液体含烃燃料或含硫固体碳质燃料与含游离氧气体的浆料进行非催化部分氧化而产生的 位于耐火衬里气体发生器中，自发温度范围为约190°F至2900°F，高于反应区中形成的炉渣的灰熔融温度。 进入反应区域的燃料进料中的约85-99重量％的碳被转化为碳氧化物。 来自第一反应区的至少一部分热流出物流与第二部分含硫燃料和含钙添加剂混合地通过自由流动的第二反应区R2。 在第一反应区和第二反应区中的气相中提供具有小于约10-12气氛的分压的平衡氧浓度。 在第二反应区中，燃料的第二部分中的碳，未转化的燃料和来自R1的颗粒物质与H 2 O和/或CO 2反应以产生补充的H 2和/或碳氧化物。 此外，在R1和R2中产生的至少一部分含硫气体例如。 H2S和COS在高温下与含钙添加剂反应生成包含硫化钙的颗粒物质。 此外，这种新形成的颗粒物质和/或含钙添加剂的一部分与通过第二气体冷却器的热原料气流中的渣和/或灰分相结合。 产生飞灰，从而具有增加的灰分软化温度。 从第二反应区排出的气流含有减少量的含硫气体，并且增加量的H 2 +碳氧化物和含硫化钙的颗粒物质。

    Gasifier with gas scroured throat
    3.
    发明授权
    Gasifier with gas scroured throat 失效
    带气体的气化器喉咙痛

    公开(公告)号：US4919688A

    公开(公告)日：1990-04-24

    申请号：US147090

    申请日：1988-01-20

    申请人： Robert M. Suggitt ,  Mitri S. Najjar

    发明人： Robert M. Suggitt ,  Mitri S. Najjar

    IPC分类号： C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/82

    CPC分类号： C10J3/82 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/845 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  Y10S48/02

    摘要： Gasifier for combusting a particulated carbonaceous fuel by injecting a stream of the fuel into the gasifier combustion chamber together with a combustion supporting gas. The fuel mixture is burned to produce a usable gas and a particulated residual, both of which are directed into a liquid holding quench chamber. A constricted, frusto-conical throat which conducts the usable gas and particulated residual includes one or more nozzles that open into the throat and serve to direct pressurized jets of a scouring fluid into contact with residual particles which have become deposited on the throat wall, to displace the latter and thereby keep the throat void of such deposits.

    摘要翻译： 用于通过将燃料流与燃烧支持气体一起喷射到气化器燃烧室中来燃烧微粒碳质燃料的气化器。 燃料混合物被燃烧以产生可用的气体和微粒残留物，两者都被引导到液体保持骤冷室中。 导致可用气体和微粒残留物的收缩的截头圆锥形喉部包括一个或多个打开到喉部中的喷嘴，用于将冲刷流体的加压射流引导与已经沉积在喉部壁上的残留颗粒接触， 取代后者，从而保持喉部没有这种沉积物。

    POX process with high temperature desulfurization of syngas
    4.
    发明授权
    POX process with high temperature desulfurization of syngas 失效
    POX工艺与合成气的高温脱硫

    公开(公告)号：US4778485A

    公开(公告)日：1988-10-18

    申请号：US90822

    申请日：1987-08-28

    申请人： Robert M. Suggitt ,  Mitri S. Najjar ,  Roger J. Corbeels

    发明人： Robert M. Suggitt ,  Mitri S. Najjar ,  Roger J. Corbeels

    IPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/56 ,  C10J3/46

    CPC分类号： C10J3/466 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/56 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/0983

    摘要： Synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas is produced by the noncatalytic partial oxidation of a sulfur-containing liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel or a slurry of sulfur-containing solid carbonaceous fuel with a free-oxygen containing gas in the free-flow reaction zone of a refractory lined gas generator at an autogenous temperature in the range of about 1900.degree. F. to 2900.degree. F. and above the ash-fusion temperature of the slag formed in the reaction zone, so that about 75 to 95 weight percent of the carbon in the fuel feed to the reaction zone is converted into carbon oxides. At least a portion of the hot effluent gas stream from the reaction zone is passed through a free-flow radiant cooler in admixture with an iron-containing additive. In the radiant cooler at least a portion of the sulfur-containing gases e.g. H.sub.2 S and COS react with the iron-containing additive to produce particulate matter comprising iron oxysulfide. Further, a portion of this newly formed particulate matter and/or the iron-containing additive combine with molten slag and/or ash in the hot raw gas stream passing through the radiant gas cooler. The slag produced thereby has a reduced ash fusion temperature and a reduced viscosity. The remainder of the newly formed particulate matter comprising iron oxysulfide and particulate carbon are entrained in the effluent gas stream leaving the radiant syngas cooler and are separated from the effluent gas stream and optionally recycled to the partial oxidation reaction zone in admixture with fresh fuel feed.

    摘要翻译： 合成气体，燃料气体或还原性气体是通过含硫液体烃类燃料或含硫固体碳质燃料与含游离氧气体的浆料在自由流动反应区中的非催化部分氧化 耐火衬里气体发生器，其自生温度在约1900°F至2900°F的范围内，并高于在反应区中形成的炉渣的灰熔融温度，使得约75至95重量％的碳在 进入反应区的燃料转化为碳氧化物。 来自反应区的至少一部分热的废气流与含铁添加剂的混合物通过自由流辐射冷却器。 在辐射冷却器中，至少一部分含硫气体例如 H 2 S和COS与含铁添加剂反应产生包含硫氧化铁的颗粒物质。 此外，这种新形成的颗粒物质和/或含铁添加剂的一部分与通过辐射气体冷却器的热原料气流中的熔渣和/或灰分组合。 由此产生的炉渣具有降低的灰熔融温度和降低的粘度。 新形成的包含硫氧化铁和颗粒碳的颗粒物质的其余部分被夹带在离开辐射合成气冷却器的流出气流中，并与废气流分离，并任选地与新鲜燃料进料混合再循环到部分氧化反应区。

    Coal gasification process
    6.
    发明授权
    Coal gasification process 失效
    煤气化过程

    公开(公告)号：US4692172A

    公开(公告)日：1987-09-08

    申请号：US827858

    申请日：1986-02-10

    申请人： Robert J. Stellaccio ,  Robert M. Suggitt

    发明人： Robert J. Stellaccio ,  Robert M. Suggitt

    IPC分类号： C10J3/46

    CPC分类号： C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1815 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/02

    摘要： Low sulfur, iron and calcium containing solid carbonaceous fuel having a high melting point ash is mixed with a sufficient amount of iron sulfide containing material or supplemental iron and sulfur containing reactant materials that react in the reaction zone to produce iron and sulfur containing compounds. The mixture of materials is reacted in a free-flow gasifier by partial oxidation to produce a raw gas stream of synthesis gas, reducing gas or fuel gas, containing entrained particulate matter including molten slag. By the process, sufficient iron and sulfur are in the reaction zone so that the melting point of the fuel ash is decreased, and the mole ratio H.sub.2 S/H.sub.2 +CO in the raw gas stream is greater than 0.01. Further, the amount of iron in the molten ash is greater than 10.0 wt. %, and preferably at least 14 wt. % of the molten ash. By this means, the fluid temperature of the molten ash entrained in the raw gas stream is reduced at least 100.degree. F. less than the fluid temperature of the fuel ash without the addition of iron and sulfur, and the gasifier may be operated in the molten slagging mode at a lower temperature. Further, coal wash tailings containing iron sulfides may be disposed of as a portion of the feed to the gasifier in an environmentally acceptable manner; and useful by-product sulfur may be recovered.

    摘要翻译： 将具有高熔点灰分的含低硫，铁和钙的固体碳质燃料与足够量的含硫化铁的材料或补充的含铁和硫的反应物质混合，在反应区中反应生成含铁和硫的化合物。 材料的混合物在自由流动气化器中通过部分氧化反应，产生合成气的原料气流，还原气体或燃料气体，其中包含夹带的颗粒物质，包括熔渣。 通过该过程，在反应区中有足够的铁和硫，使得燃料灰的熔点降低，原料气流中的H 2 S / H 2 + CO的摩尔比大于0.01。 此外，熔融灰中铁的量大于10.0wt。 ％，优选至少14wt。 ％的熔融灰分。 通过这种方式，夹带在原料气流中的熔融灰分的流体温度比不加入铁和硫的燃料灰的流体温度降低至少100°F，并且气化器可以在 在较低温度下的熔融成渣模式。 此外，含有硫化铁的洗煤尾矿可以以环境可接受的方式作为气化器进料的一部分处理; 可以回收有用的副产物硫。

    Synthesis gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuels
    7.
    发明授权
    Synthesis gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuels 失效
    来自固体碳质燃料浆料的合成气

    公开(公告)号：US4436531A

    公开(公告)日：1984-03-13

    申请号：US412437

    申请日：1982-08-27

    申请人： Lawrence E. Estabrook ,  Robert M. Suggitt

    发明人： Lawrence E. Estabrook ,  Robert M. Suggitt

    IPC分类号： C10J3/46

    CPC分类号： C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/046 ,  C10K1/06 ,  C10K1/103 ,  C10K1/122 ,  C10K3/023 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y10S48/07

    摘要： Synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas is produced by the noncatalytic partial oxidation of a slurry of ash-containing solid carbonaceous fuel in a liquid carrier with a free-oxygen containing gas in the free-flow reaction zone of a refractory lined gas generator at an autogenous temperature in the range of about 2350.degree. F. to 2900.degree. F. so that about 75 to 95 weight percent of the carbon in the fuel feed to the reaction zone is converted into carbon oxides. The hot effluent gas stream from the reaction zone containing entrained particulate carbon, unconverted solid carbonaceous fuel, and molten slag is passed through a free-flow radiant cooler where it is contacted by and provides the heat to vaporize an aqueous solution of catalyst consisting of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal compound in water. In the presence of the catalyst, H.sub.2 O and at least a portion of the particulate carbon and the carbon in the unconverted solid carbonaceous fuel are reacted together at a controlled temperature to produce additional H.sub.2 and CO.sub.x. The hot effluent gas stream enters the radiant cooler at a temperature in the range of about 2800.degree. F.-2300.degree. F. and leaves at a temperature in the range of about 1350.degree. F.-1600.degree. F. Further, the molten slag in the effluent gas stream may be fluxed with the alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal compound to facilitate separation of the slag from the effluent gas stream.

    摘要翻译： 合成气体，燃料气体或还原气体是通过在耐火衬里气体发生器的自由流动反应区中的具有含游离氧气体的液体载体中的含灰分固体碳质燃料的浆料的非催化部分氧化产生的 在约2350°F至2900°F范围内的自生温度下，使得进入反应区域的燃料中约75至95wt％的碳转化为碳氧化物。 来自含有夹带的颗粒碳，未转化的固体碳质燃料和熔渣的反应区的热废气流通过自由流辐射冷却器，在其中与其接触并提供热量以蒸发由碱组成的催化剂水溶液 金属和/或碱土金属化合物在水中。 在催化剂的存在下，H 2 O和未转化的固体碳质燃料中的至少一部分颗粒碳和碳在受控的温度下一起反应以产生额外的H 2和CO x。 热废气流在约2800°F-2300°F的温度范围内进入辐射冷却器，并在约1350°F-1600°F范围内离开。此外，熔渣 在废气流中可以用碱金属和/或碱土金属化合物进行助熔，以便于从流出气流中分离炉渣。