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公开(公告)号：US4342801A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-03
申请号：US217067
申请日：1980-12-16
IPC分类号： D06N3/14 , D04H1/4334 , D04H1/435 , D04H1/482 , D04H1/50 , D04H1/587 , D04H1/645 , D04H1/74 , D06M15/568 , D06M101/00 , D06M101/16 , D06M101/30 , D06M101/32 , D06M101/34 , D02G3/00
CPC分类号： D04H1/50 , D04H1/4334 , D04H1/435 , D04H1/482 , D04H1/587 , D04H1/645 , D04H1/74 , Y10T428/2395 , Y10T428/23986 , Y10T428/24998 , Y10T428/2924 , Y10T428/2931 , Y10T428/2973 , Y10T442/2893 , Y10T442/633
摘要： Staple fibers made from crimped, in particular compression crimped, multicomponent filaments of the matrix/segment type, the cross section of which shows, in addition to the matrix, at least 6 peripheral wedge-shaped or lenticular segments, not completely covered by the matrix, are processed into a web, which is then mechanically bonded, preferably by needling. Subsequently, the fabric is subjected to a shrinkage process, by which its density is increased by more than 30%, the multicomponent fibers being completely or partly split up into their components. The difference in shrinkage between the components should be at least 10%. The liquids used for the shrinkage treatment are in particular organic liquids, such as methylene chloride, as well as other liquids producing a difference in shrinkage of at least 20%. The fabric is then impregnated with a solution of polyurethane on the basis of polyglycols, specifically polytetramethylene glycol, diisocyanates and low-moleclar glycols as chain lengtheners, the jelling temperature of the solution being higher than the room temperature and higher than the temperature of the coagulation bath; the polyurethane is coagulated by cooling and/or treatment with a coagulation bath containing a non-solvent for polyurethane; then the fabric is washed, dried and ground on one or both sides. The suede-like product obtained combines great suppleness with high strength. It is an excellent material for making garments, such as coats, jackets or skirts, offering high wear comfort as well as high breathability.
摘要翻译： 由矩形/片段类型的卷曲，特别是压缩卷曲的多组分长丝制成的短纤维，其横截面除了基质之外还显示至少6个周边楔形或透镜片段，未被基质完全覆盖 ，被加工成纤维网，然后机械粘合，优选通过针刺。 随后，织物经受收缩过程，其密度增加30％以上，多组分纤维完全或部分分解成其组分。 组件之间的收缩差异应至少为10％。 用于收缩处理的液体特别是有机液体，例如二氯甲烷，以及产生至少20％的收缩差异的其它液体。 然后将织物浸渍在基于聚二醇，特别是聚四亚甲基二醇，二异氰酸酯和低摩尔二醇作为链加长剂的聚氨酯溶液中，溶液的熔融温度高于室温并高于凝固温度 浴; 聚氨酯通过冷却和/或用包含聚氨酯的非溶剂的凝固浴处理而凝结; 然后将织物洗涤，干燥并在一侧或两侧研磨。 获得的麂皮绒产品结合了很大的柔韧性和高强度。 它是制作服装，如大衣，夹克或裙子，提供高穿着舒适性和高透气性的优良材料。
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公开(公告)号：US4239720A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-16
申请号：US16560
申请日：1979-03-01
申请人： Klaus Gerlach , Nikolaus Mathes , Friedbert Wechs
发明人： Klaus Gerlach , Nikolaus Mathes , Friedbert Wechs
CPC分类号： D01F8/04 , D01D5/28 , Y10T428/23943 , Y10T428/23993 , Y10T428/2931 , Y10T428/2973 , Y10T442/3146 , Y10T442/444 , Y10T442/608
摘要： Fibrillatable multicomponent fibers of the matrix segment type and a process for production of fiber structures by splitting shrinkable, basically unset, multi-component fibers consisting of at least two incompatible components which in the fiber cross section are arranged in the form of a matrix and several segments, the latter accounting for about 20% to 80% of the total cross section. After having been processed into fiber structures such as staple fibers, yarns or fabrics, the multicomponent fibers are treated with a liquid or gaseous organic solvent, particularly chlorinated lower alkanes, to partially or completely split the segment filaments from the matrix component. Useful solvents are those which will reduce the zero-shrinkage temperature of the matrix or the segment polymer by at least 160.degree. C. and in which the polymer components constituting the fiber show different shrinkage behaviour. Splitting may be further enhanced by the application of mechanical agitation, e.g. by ultrasonic waves. Fabrics made from the multicomponent fibers may be woven, knitted, non-woven, flocked and three-dimensional.
摘要翻译： 基质片段的可纤维化的多组分纤维以及由纤维横截面中至少两个不相容的组分组成的可收缩的，基本上未设定的多组分纤维来生产纤维结构的方法以矩阵形式排列成几个 段占总截面的20％〜80％左右。 在被加工成诸如短纤维，纱线或织物的纤维结构之后，多组分纤维用液体或气态有机溶剂，特别是氯化的低级烷烃处理，以将部分纤维从基质组分部分或完全分裂。 有用的溶剂是将基质或段聚合物的零收缩温度降低至少160℃的溶剂，其中构成纤维的聚合物组分显示出不同的收缩行为。 可以通过施加机械搅拌来进一步增强分裂。 通过超声波。 由多组分纤维制成的织物可以是编织，针织，无纺布，植绒和三维织物。
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公开(公告)号：US4612688A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-23
申请号：US714408
申请日：1985-03-21
IPC分类号： D06N3/14 , D04H1/4334 , D04H1/435 , D04H1/482 , D04H1/50 , D04H1/587 , D04H1/645 , D04H1/74 , D06M15/568 , D06M101/00 , D06M101/16 , D06M101/30 , D06M101/32 , D06M101/34 , D04H1/46
CPC分类号： D04H1/50 , D04H1/4334 , D04H1/435 , D04H1/482 , D04H1/587 , D04H1/645 , D04H1/74 , Y10T428/2395 , Y10T428/23986 , Y10T428/24998 , Y10T428/2924 , Y10T428/2931 , Y10T428/2973 , Y10T442/2893 , Y10T442/633
摘要： Staple fibers made from crimped, in particular compression crimped, multicomponent filaments of the matrix/segment type, the cross section of which shows, in addition to the matrix, at least 6 peripheral wedge-shaped or lenticular segments, not completely covered by the matrix, are processed into a web, which is then mechanically bonded, preferably by needling. Subsequently, the fabric is subjected to a shrinkage process, by which its density is increased by more than 30%, themulticomponent fibers being completely or partly split up into their components. The difference in shrinkage between the components should be at least 10%. The liquids used for the shrinkage treatment are in particular organic liquids, such as methylene chloride, as well as other liquids producing a difference in shrinkage of at least 20%. The fabric is then impregnated with a solution of polyurethane on the basis of polyglycols, specifically polytetramethylene glycol, diisocyanates and low-molecular glycols as chain lengtheners, the jelling temperature of the solution being higher than the roomtemperature and higher than the temperature of the coagulation bath; the polyurethane is coagulated by cooling and/or treatment with a coagulation bath containing a non-solvent for polyurethane; then the fabric is washed, dried and ground on one or both sides. The suede-like product obtained combines great suppleness with high strength. It is an excellent material for making garments, such as coats, jackets or skirts, offering high wear comfort as well as high breathability.
摘要翻译： 由矩形/片段类型的卷曲，特别是压缩卷曲的多组分长丝制成的短纤维，其横截面除了基质之外还显示至少6个周边楔形或透镜片段，未被基质完全覆盖 ，被加工成纤维网，然后机械粘合，优选通过针刺。 随后，织物经受收缩过程，其密度增加30％以上，多组分纤维完全或部分分解成其组分。 组件之间的收缩差异应至少为10％。 用于收缩处理的液体特别是有机液体，例如二氯甲烷，以及产生至少20％的收缩差异的其它液体。 然后将织物浸渍在基于聚二醇（特别是聚四亚甲基二醇，二异氰酸酯和低分子量二醇）作为链加长剂的聚氨酯溶液中，溶液的凝胶化温度高于室温并高于凝固浴的温度 ; 聚氨酯通过冷却和/或用包含聚氨酯的非溶剂的凝固浴处理而凝结; 然后将织物洗涤，干燥并在一侧或两侧研磨。 获得的麂皮绒产品结合了很大的柔韧性和高强度。 它是制作服装，如大衣，夹克或裙子，提供高穿着舒适性和高透气性的优良材料。
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公开(公告)号：US4369156A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-18
申请号：US124256
申请日：1980-02-25
申请人： Nikolaus Mathes , Friedbert Wechs
发明人： Nikolaus Mathes , Friedbert Wechs
IPC分类号： D06C29/00 , D01D5/30 , D01F6/60 , D01F6/62 , D01F6/90 , D01F6/92 , D01F8/12 , D01F8/14 , D02J1/18 , B29H7/18
摘要： Fiber structures such as staple fibers, filaments, yarns as well as textile sheet structures such as woven or knitted fabrics as well as non-woven fabrics and the like made from multicomponent fibers of the matrix-segment type having in their cross sections a plurality of segments arranged peripherally without being fully surrounded by the matrix and being composed of polyalkylene terephthalate and copolyamides based on .epsilon.-caprolactam and hexamethylene diamine/adipic acid salt, are split by treatment with liquid or vaporous water. The difference in shrinkage between copolyamide and polyalkylene terephthalate in water is temporarily at least 10%. Corresponding short-staple fibers are particularly well suited for making wet-laid non-woven fabrics. The water used for treatment of the fiber structures may contain inorganic salts.
摘要翻译： 诸如短纤维，长丝，纱线的纤维结构以及织物或针织织物以及无纺织物等织物片织物等由基质片段的多组分纤维制成，其横截面为多个 外围排列而不被基体完全包围并且由聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基酯和基于ε-己内酰胺和六亚甲基二胺/己二酸盐的共聚酰胺组成的片段通过用液体或蒸气水处理而分裂。 共聚酰胺和聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基酯在水中的收缩率的差异暂时至少为10％。 相应的短纤维纤维特别适用于制作湿法无纺布。 用于处理纤维结构的水可能含有无机盐。
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公开(公告)号：US4361609A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-30
申请号：US169541
申请日：1980-07-17
申请人： Klaus Gerlach , Nikolaus Mathes , Friedbert Wechs
发明人： Klaus Gerlach , Nikolaus Mathes , Friedbert Wechs
CPC分类号： D01F8/04 , D01D5/28 , Y10T428/23943 , Y10T428/23993 , Y10T428/2931 , Y10T428/2973 , Y10T442/3146 , Y10T442/444 , Y10T442/608
摘要： Fibrillatable multicomponent fibers of the matrix segment type and a process for production of fiber structures by splitting shrinkable, basically unset, multi-component fibers consisting of at least two incompatible components which in the fiber cross section are arranged in the form of a matrix and several segments, the latter accounting for about 20% to 80% of the total cross section. After having been processed into fiber structures such as staple fibers, yarns or fabrics, the multicomponent fibers are treated with a liquid or gaseous organic solvent, particularly chlorinated lower alkanes, to partially or completely split the segment filaments from the matrix component. Useful solvents are those which will reduce the zero-shrinkage temperature of the matrix or the segment polymer by at least 160.degree. C. and in which the polymer components constituting the fiber show different shrinkage behavior. Splitting may be further enhanced by the application of mechanical agitation, e.g. by ultrasonic waves. Fabrics made from the multicomponent fibers may be woven, knitted, non-woven, flocked and three-dimensional.
摘要翻译： 基质片段的可纤维化的多组分纤维以及由纤维横截面中至少两个不相容的组分组成的可收缩的，基本上未设定的多组分纤维来生产纤维结构的方法以矩阵形式排列成几个 段占总截面的20％〜80％左右。 在被加工成诸如短纤维，纱线或织物的纤维结构之后，多组分纤维用液体或气态有机溶剂，特别是氯化的低级烷烃处理，以将部分纤维从基质组分部分或完全分裂。 有用的溶剂是将基质或段聚合物的零收缩温度降低至少160℃的溶剂，其中构成纤维的聚合物组分显示出不同的收缩行为。 可以通过施加机械搅拌来进一步增强分裂。 通过超声波。 由多组分纤维制成的织物可以是编织，针织，非织造，植绒和三维织物。
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6.发明授权Polyamide membrane with improved hydrolytic stability and method for production thereof 有权具有改善的水解稳定性的聚酰胺膜及其制备方法公开(公告)号：US07201860B2
公开(公告)日：2007-04-10
申请号：US10297179
申请日：2001-05-23
申请人： Friedbert Wechs
发明人： Friedbert Wechs
CPC分类号： B01D67/0018 , B01D67/003 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/125 , B01D71/56 , B01D2325/22 , B01D2325/30 , B01D2325/34
摘要： The invention relates to a method for producing a hydrolytically stable polyamide membrane having an open-pored, microporous and sponge-like support-layer structure, using a process involving thermally induced liquid-liquid phase separation. A solution of an aliphatic polyamide in a solvent system, comprising preferably a solvent and a non-solvent for the polyamide, is extruded to form a shaped object. After leaving the die, the shaped object is cooled by means of a cooling medium until phase separation occurs and the polymer-rich phase solidifies to form the membrane structure. The solution of the polyamide in the solvent system contains an antioxidant agent as a stabiliser for the polyamide which, together with the solvent system, is selected in a way that the antioxidant agent is essentially insoluble in the solvent system at the phase separation temperature. The invention also relates to a polyamide membrane with improved hydrolytic stability, characterised in that it contains an antioxidant agent as a stabiliser for improving hydrolytic stability.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及使用涉及热诱导的液 - 液相分离的方法制备具有开孔，微孔和海绵状载体层结构的水解稳定的聚酰胺膜的方法。 挤出脂肪族聚酰胺在溶剂体系中的溶液，其可以包括溶剂和用于聚酰胺的非溶剂，以形成成型体。 在离开模具之后，通过冷却介质冷却成形物体，直到发生相分离，并且富聚合物相固化以形成膜结构。 聚酰胺在溶剂体系中的溶液含有作为聚酰胺稳定剂的抗氧化剂，其与溶剂系统一起选择，使得抗氧化剂在相分离温度下基本上不溶于溶剂体系。 本发明还涉及具有改善的水解稳定性的聚酰胺膜，其特征在于含有作为改善水解稳定性的稳定剂的抗氧化剂。
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06632361B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-14
申请号：US09742219
申请日：2000-12-22
IPC分类号： B01D3900
CPC分类号： B01D39/00 , B01D61/147 , B01D67/0016 , B01D67/0018 , B01D67/0088 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B01D71/44 , B01D71/62 , B01D71/68 , B01D71/76 , B01D2323/12 , B01D2323/30 , B01D2323/345 , B01D2325/36 , C02F1/444
摘要： The invention describes hydrophilically acting shaped objects, in particular semipermeable membranes for pyrogen retention, comprising a synthetic polymer component and an additive made from a copolymer made from vinylpyrrolidone and a vinylimidazole compound, and furthermore processes for manufacturing the shaped objects. The shaped objects of the invention exhibit such a high pyrogen retention capacity that the pyrogen concentrations present in the filtrates are in part below the detection limit of the gel clot LAL test.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了亲水作用的成形物体，特别是用于热原保留的半透膜，包括合成聚合物组分和由由乙烯基吡咯烷酮和乙烯基咪唑化合物制成的共聚物制成的添加剂，以及制造成型物体的方法。 本发明的成形物体表现出如此高的热原保留能力，使滤液中存在的热原浓度部分低于凝胶凝块LAL试验的检测限。
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公开(公告)号：US20100230843A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-16
申请号：US12789593
申请日：2010-05-28
CPC分类号： B01D63/081 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0013 , B01D67/0016 , B01D67/0027 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/06 , B01D71/68 , B01D2325/022 , B01D2325/023 , B01D2325/24 , B01D2325/36 , B01D2325/38
摘要： Method for producing this membrane from a casting solution comprising the hydrophobic first sulfone polymer and the hydrophilic second polymer in a solvent system, the method comprising the steps of pouring the casting solution, conditioned to a molding temperature, onto a carrier to form a film, which carrier has a temperature that is higher in comparison to the molding temperature, conveying the film through a climate-controlled zone, initiating the coagulation in a coagulation bath for the formation of a membrane structure, withdrawing the membrane structure from the carrier with a speed that is increased in comparison to the carrier speed, stabilizing, extracting, and subsequently drying the membrane.
摘要翻译： 在溶剂系统中由包含疏水性第一砜聚合物和亲水性第二聚合物的流延溶液制备该膜的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：将调节至模塑温度的浇铸溶液倒入载体上以形成膜， 该载体的温度与成型温度相比较高，将膜输送通过气候控制区，在用于形成膜结构的凝固浴中引发凝结，以速度从载体中取出膜结构 其与载体速度相比增加，稳定，提取和随后干燥膜。
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9.发明授权Process for producing polyolefin membrane with integrally asymmetrical structure 有权具有整体不对称结构的聚烯烃膜的制造方法公开(公告)号：US07429343B2
公开(公告)日：2008-09-30
申请号：US10502346
申请日：2003-01-08
申请人： Erich Kessler , Thomas Batzilla , Friedbert Wechs , Frank Wiese
发明人： Erich Kessler , Thomas Batzilla , Friedbert Wechs , Frank Wiese
CPC分类号： B01D67/0018 , B01D53/228 , B01D67/0027 , B01D67/003 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B01D71/26 , B01D2323/38 , B01D2325/022 , B01D2325/026 , B29C67/202
摘要： Process for producing an integrally asymmetrical hydrophobic polyolefinic membrane with a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support structure and a separation layer with a denser structure, using a thermally induced liquid-liquid phase separation process. A solution of at least one polyolefin is extruded to form a shaped object. The solvent used is one for which the demixing temperature of a solution of 25% by weight of the polyolefin in this solvent is 10 to 70° C. above the solidification temperature. After leaving the die, the shaped object is cooled using a liquid cooling medium that does not dissolve the polymer up to the die temperature, until the phase separation and solidification of the high-polymer-content phase take place. The integrally asymmetrical membrane producible in this manner has a porosity of greater than 30% to 75% by volume, a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support layer without macrovoids and with on average isotropic pores, and on at least one of its surfaces a separation layer with pores
摘要翻译： 使用热诱导的液 - 液相分离方法制造具有海绵状，开孔，微孔载体结构的整体不对称的疏水性聚烯烃膜和具有更致密结构的分离层的方法。 将至少一种聚烯烃的溶液挤出以形成成形物体。 使用的溶剂是在该溶剂中25重量％聚烯烃的溶液的分层温度高于固化温度10-70℃的溶剂。 在离开模具之后，使用不溶解聚合物直至模具温度的液体冷却介质来冷却成型物体，直到发生高分子含量相的相分离和凝固。 以这种方式可生产的整体不对称膜具有大于30体积％至75体积％的孔隙率，不具有大孔和具有平均各向同性孔的海绵状，开孔，微孔支撑层，并且在其至少一个 表面具有<100nm孔径的分离层（如果有的话）。 膜优选用于气体分离或气体转移过程，特别是用于血液氧合。
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公开(公告)号：US20070163950A1
公开(公告)日：2007-07-19
申请号：US10588016
申请日：2005-02-15
申请人： Friedbert Wechs
发明人： Friedbert Wechs
IPC分类号： B01D71/06
CPC分类号： B01D71/68 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0016 , B01D67/0088 , B01D67/0095 , B01D69/08 , B01D69/10 , B01D2325/022 , B01D2325/04 , B01D2325/14 , B01D2325/20 , B01D2325/36
摘要： A hydrophilic, semipermeable hollow-fibre membrane for blood treatment, with an integrally asymmetric structure based on a synthetic polymer. The hollow-fibre membrane possesses on its inner surface a porous separating layer and an open-pored supporting layer adjoining the separating layer, and has an ultrafiltration rate in albumin solution of 25 to 60 ml/(h·m2·mmHg). The hollow-fibre membrane is free from pore-stabilising additives, and has a minimum sieving coefficient for cytochrome c of 0.8 and maximum sieving coefficient for albumin of 0.005. Method for the preparation of such membranes based on coagulation induced by a non-solvent, whereby a spinning solution of a synthetic first polymer and possibly a hydrophilic second polymer is extruded into a hollow fibre through the annular slit of a hollow-fibre die with simultaneous extrusion of a coagulation medium as the interior filler through the central opening of the hollow-fibre die, the interior filler initiating coagulation in the interior of the hollow fibre as a result of which a separating layer on the inner surface of the hollow-fibre membrane is formed as well as the membrane structure, the method being characterised in that the interior filler contains a polyelectrolyte with negative fixed charges.
摘要翻译： 用于血液处理的亲水性半透性中空纤维膜，具有基于合成聚合物的整体不对称结构。 中空纤维膜在其内表面具有邻接分离层的多孔分离层和开孔支撑层，并且在白蛋白溶液中的超滤速率为25至60ml /（hm 2 / .mmHg）。 中空纤维膜不含孔稳定添加剂，细胞色素c的筛分系数最小为0.8，白蛋白筛分系数为0.005。 基于由非溶剂引起的凝结制备这种膜的方法，由此将合成的第一聚合物和可能的亲水性第二聚合物的纺丝溶液通过中空纤维模具的环形狭缝挤出成中空纤维，同时 通过中空纤维模头的中心开口挤出凝固介质作为内部填料，内部填料在中空纤维内部引发凝结，由此在中空纤维膜的内表面上形成分离层 形成膜结构，该方法的特征在于内部填充物含有具有负固定电荷的聚电解质。
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