摘要:
Methods and systems for use of switchable water, which is capable of reversibly switching between an initial ionic strength and an increased ionic strength, is described. The disclosed methods and systems can be used, for example, in distillation-free removal of water from solvents, solutes, or solutions, desalination, clay settling, viscosity switching, etc. Switching from lower to higher ionic strength is readily achieved using low energy methods such as bubbling with C02, CS2 or COS or treatment with Bronsted acids. Switching from higher to lower ionic strength is readily achieved using low energy methods such as bubbling with air, inert gas, heating, agitating, introducing a vacuum or partial vacuum, or any combination or thereof.
摘要:
Methods and systems for use of switchable water, which is capable of reversibly switching between an initial ionic strength and an increased ionic strength, is described. The disclosed methods and systems can be used, for example, in distillation-free removal of water from solvents, solutes, or solutions, desalination, clay settling, viscosity switching, etc. Switching from lower to higher ionic strength is readily achieved using low energy methods such as bubbling with C02, CS2 or COS or treatment with Bronsted acids. Switching from higher to lower ionic strength is readily achieved using low energy methods such as bubbling with air, inert gas, heating, agitating, introducing a vacuum or partial vacuum, or any combination or thereof.
摘要:
A solvent that reversibly converts from a hydrophobic liquid form to hydrophilic liquid form upon contact with water and a selected trigger, e.g., contact with CO2, is described. The hydrophilic liquid form is readily converted back to the hydrophobic liquid form and water. The hydrophobic liquid is an amidine or amine. The hydrophilic liquid form comprises an amidinium salt or an ammonium salt.
摘要:
A solvent that reversibly converts from a hydrophobic liquid form to hydrophilic liquid form upon contact with water and a selected trigger, e.g., contact with CO2, is described. The hydrophilic liquid form is readily converted back to the hydrophobic liquid form and water. The hydrophobic liquid is an amidine or amine. The hydrophilic liquid form comprises an amidinium salt or an ammonium salt.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a peroxide curable rubber compound comprising a peroxide curative and a high multiolefin halobutyl ionomer prepared by reacting a halogenated butyl polymer having a high mol percent of multiolefin with at least one nitrogen and/or phosphorus based nucleophile. The resulting high multiolefin halobutyl ionomer comprises from about 2 to 10 mol % multiolefin. The present invention is also directed to a shaped article comprising the rubber compound.
摘要:
The present invention relates to silica-filled halogenated butyl elastomers, such as bromobutyl elastomers (BIIR) wherein the silica is surface-functionalized with a protein.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for preparing a filled halobutyl elastomer, which comprises mixing a halobutyl elastomer, mineral filler and a silazane compound or mixture of a silazane compound and an additive which contains at least one hydroxyl group and at least one substituents which bears a basic amine group, and curing the filled elastomer with sulfur or other curative systems. The present invention has the advantages of (a) not evolving alcohol either during the manufacture or subsequent use of the article manufactured from the compound, (b) improving the scorch safety of filled halobutyl elastomer compounds which employ silica as the mineral filler and a the additive containing at least one hydroxyl group and a functional group containing a basic amine as a dispersing aid and (c) significantly reducing the cost of the compound compared to analogous compounds currently known in the art.
摘要:
The present invention provides a novel process for the preparation of isoolefin copolymers in the presence of zirconium halides and/or hafnium halides and organic acid halides, in particular for the preparation of butyl rubbers, as well as isoolefin copolymers constructed of isobutene, isoprene and optionally further monomers.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a grafted liquid polymer comprising a polymer of a C4 to C7 monoolefin monomer and a C4 to C14 multiolefin monomer, a grafting material and a free radical initiator and to a process for the preparation of the grafted liquid polymer. More specifically, a liquid maleated butyl rubber composition is disclosed. The present invention also relates to grafted liquid polymer compositions which are curable in the presence of multifunctional amines. The compositions of the invention are used in a variety of applications, including injection molded fuel cells gaskets, adhesives, sealants or as polyurethane substrates.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method of improving the hardness and abrasion resistance while maintaining the useful dynamic properties inherent to butyl based tire tread compounds by adding HXNBR to a rubber composition comprising at least one butyl elastomer for a tire tread, in particular a tire tread suitable for a pneumatic tire.