公开(公告)号：US20110203656A1

公开(公告)日：2011-08-25

申请号：US13026637

申请日：2011-02-14

申请人： Ping Kuang ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Wai Leung ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant ,  Sumit Chaudhary

发明人： Ping Kuang ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Wai Leung ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant ,  Sumit Chaudhary

IPC分类号： H01L31/0224 ,  H01L23/48 ,  H01L21/768 ,  H01L31/18

CPC分类号： H01L51/442 ,  G02B5/1857 ,  H01L31/022425 ,  H01L31/022466 ,  H01L31/1884 ,  H01L33/62 ,  H01L51/5221 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： Nanoscale high-aspect-ratio metallic structures and methods are presented. Such structures may form transparent electrode to enhance the performance of solar cells and light-emitting diodes. These structures can be used as infrared control filters because they reflect high amounts of infrared radiation. A grating structure of polymeric bars affixed to a transparent substrate is used. The sides of the bars are coated with metal forming nanowires. Electrodes may be configured to couple to a subset of the rails forming interdigitated electrodes. Encapsulation is used to improve transparency and transparency at high angles. The structure may be inverted to facilitate fabrication of a solar cell or other device on the back-side of the structure. Multiple layered electrodes having an active layer sandwiched between two conductive layers may be used. Layered electro-active layers may be used to form a smart window where the structure is encapsulated between glass to modify the incoming light.

摘要翻译： 提出了纳米级高纵横比的金属结构和方法。 这种结构可以形成透明电极以增强太阳能电池和发光二极管的性能。 这些结构可以用作红外线控制滤光片，因为它们反映了大量的红外辐射。 使用固定在透明基板上的聚合物条的光栅结构。 棒的侧面涂有金属成形纳米线。 电极可以被配置为耦合到形成叉指电极的轨道的子集。 封装用于提高高角度的透明度和透明度。 可以将结构倒置以便于在结构的背面上制造太阳能电池或其它装置。 可以使用具有夹在两个导电层之间的有源层的多层电极。 可以使用层状电活性层来形成智能窗口，其中结构被封装在玻璃之间以修改入射光。

公开(公告)号：US20120031487A1

公开(公告)日：2012-02-09

申请号：US13274383

申请日：2011-10-17

申请人： Ping Kuang ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Wai Leung ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant ,  Sumit Chaudhary

发明人： Ping Kuang ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Wai Leung ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant ,  Sumit Chaudhary

IPC分类号： H01L31/0232 ,  B05D5/06 ,  C23F1/04 ,  B32B37/02 ,  B32B37/14 ,  B05D3/00 ,  H01L31/18 ,  B05D5/12 ,  B82Y99/00

CPC分类号： H01L51/0023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  H01L51/442 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y10T156/10

摘要： Nanoscale high-aspect-ratio metallic structures and methods are presented. Such structures may form transparent electrode to enhance the performance of solar cells and light-emitting diodes. These structures can be used as infrared control filters because they reflect high amounts of infrared radiation. A grating structure of polymeric bars affixed to a transparent substrate is used. The sides of the bars are coated with metal forming nanowires. Electrodes may be configured to couple to a subset of the rails forming interdigitated electrodes. Encapsulation is used to improve transparency and transparency at high angles. The structure may be inverted to facilitate fabrication of a solar cell or other device on the back-side of the structure. Multiple layered electrodes having an active layer sandwiched between two conductive layers may be used. Layered electro-active layers may be used to form a smart window where the structure is encapsulated between glass to modify the incoming light.

摘要翻译： 提出了纳米级高纵横比的金属结构和方法。 这种结构可以形成透明电极以增强太阳能电池和发光二极管的性能。 这些结构可以用作红外线控制滤光片，因为它们反映了大量的红外辐射。 使用固定在透明基板上的聚合物条的光栅结构。 棒的侧面涂有金属成形纳米线。 电极可以被配置为耦合到形成叉指电极的轨道的子集。 封装用于提高高角度的透明度和透明度。 可以将结构倒置以便于在结构的背面上制造太阳能电池或其它装置。 可以使用具有夹在两个导电层之间的有源层的多层电极。 可以使用层状电活性层来形成智能窗口，其中结构被封装在玻璃之间以修改入射光。

公开(公告)号：US20080231184A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-25

申请号：US12070100

申请日：2008-02-15

申请人： Jae-Hwang Lee ,  Yong-Sung Kim ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant

发明人： Jae-Hwang Lee ,  Yong-Sung Kim ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant

IPC分类号： H01K3/02 ,  H01J9/02

CPC分类号： B29C39/025 ,  B29C33/42 ,  B29C39/026 ,  B29C41/22 ,  B29C41/36 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G01J3/465 ,  G02B1/005 ,  G02B2006/1213

摘要： A metallic photonic crystal (MPC) structure used as a filter with incandescent lighting is presented that significantly improves efficiency, while retaining the desirable color rendering index of incandescent lighting. The resulting efficiency is higher than many existing lighting types. The MPC filter is implemented with only a single layer of square lattice or two layers of woodpile-like lattice has high reflection from the photonic band edge to infinitely long wavelength. The MPC filter can be used in a spherical, cylindrical or flat form depending on the illumination scheme.

摘要翻译： 提出了用作具有白炽灯的滤光器的金属光子晶体（MPC）结构，其显着地提高了效率，同时保持了白炽灯的理想显色指数。 所产生的效率高于许多现有照明类型。 MPC滤波器仅用单层正方形晶格实现，或者两层木屑状晶格具有从光子带边缘到无限长波长的高反射。 根据照明方案，MPC滤光片可以以球形，圆柱形或平面形式使用。

公开(公告)号：US08742406B1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-03

申请号：US13397749

申请日：2012-02-16

申请人： Wai Y. Leung ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Zhengqing Gan ,  Kristen P. Constant ,  Joseph Shinar ,  Ruth Shinar ,  Kai-Ming Ho

发明人： Wai Y. Leung ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Zhengqing Gan ,  Kristen P. Constant ,  Joseph Shinar ,  Ruth Shinar ,  Kai-Ming Ho

IPC分类号： H01L51/54

CPC分类号： H01L51/5275 ,  H01L27/14627

摘要： Provided are microlens arrays for use on the substrate of OLEDs to extract more light that is trapped in waveguided modes inside the devices and methods of manufacturing same. Light extraction with microlens arrays is not limited to the light emitting area, but is also efficient in extracting light from the whole microlens patterned area where waveguiding occurs. Large microlens array, compared to the size of the light emitting area, extract more light and result in over 100% enhancement. Such a microlens array is not limited to (O)LEDs of specific emission, configuration, pixel size, or pixel shape. It is suitable for all colors, including white, for microcavity OLEDs, and OLEDs fabricated directly on the (modified) microlens array.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于OLED的衬底上的微透镜阵列，以提取被捕获在器件内的波导模式中的更多光和制造其的方法。 用微透镜阵列进行光提取不限于发光区域，而且也可以在从发生波导的整个微透镜图案区域提取光线方面有效。 大型微透镜阵列，与发光面积相比，提取更多的光，并导致超过100％的增强。 这种微透镜阵列不限于特定发射，配置，像素尺寸或像素形状的（O）LED。 它适用于所有颜色，包括白色，用于微腔OLED，以及直接在（修改的）微透镜阵列上制造的OLED。

公开(公告)号：US20120048368A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-01

申请号：US13223351

申请日：2011-09-01

申请人： Sumit Chaudhary ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Kanwar Singh Nalwa ,  Wai Y. Leung

发明人： Sumit Chaudhary ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Kanwar Singh Nalwa ,  Wai Y. Leung

IPC分类号： H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/0224

CPC分类号： H01L31/0236 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0037 ,  H01L51/0047 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  H01L51/447 ,  Y02E10/549

摘要： A three-dimensional, microscale-textured, grating-shaped organic solar cell geometry. The solar cells are fabricated on gratings to give them a three-dimensional texture that provides enhanced light absorption. Introduction of microscale texturing has a positive effect on the overall power conversion efficiency of the devices. This grating-based solar cell having a grating of pre-determined pitch and height has shown improved power-conversion efficiency over a conventional flat solar cell. The improvement in efficiency is accomplished by homogeneous coverage of the grating with uniform thickness of the active layer, which is attributed to a sufficiently high pitch and low height of the underlying gratings. Also the microscale texturing leads to suppressed reflection of incident light due to the efficient coupling of the incident light into modes that are guided in the active layer.

摘要翻译： 三维，微米纹理，格子状的有机太阳能电池几何。 太阳能电池在光栅上制造，以给它们提供增强的光吸收的三维纹理。 介绍微尺寸纹理对器件的整体功率转换效率有积极的影响。 具有预定间距和高度的光栅的该基于光栅的太阳能电池已经显示出比传统平板太阳能电池提高的功率转换效率。 效率的提高通过具有均匀厚度的有源层的光栅的均匀覆盖来实现，其归因于下面的光栅的足够高的间距和低的高度。 此外，由于将入射光有效地耦合到在有源层中引导的模式，微尺度纹理导致入射光的抑制反射。

公开(公告)号：US09401442B2

公开(公告)日：2016-07-26

申请号：US13223351

申请日：2011-09-01

申请人： Sumit Chaudhary ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Kanwar Singh Nalwa ,  Wai Y. Leung

发明人： Sumit Chaudhary ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Joong-Mok Park ,  Kanwar Singh Nalwa ,  Wai Y. Leung

IPC分类号： H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H01L31/0236 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/44 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/42

CPC分类号： H01L31/0236 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0037 ,  H01L51/0047 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  H01L51/447 ,  Y02E10/549

摘要： A three-dimensional, microscale-textured, grating-shaped organic solar cell geometry. The solar cells are fabricated on gratings to give them a three-dimensional texture that provides enhanced light absorption. Introduction of microscale texturing has a positive effect on the overall power conversion efficiency of the devices. This grating-based solar cell having a grating of pre-determined pitch and height has shown improved power-conversion efficiency over a conventional flat solar cell. The improvement in efficiency is accomplished by homogeneous coverage of the grating with uniform thickness of the active layer, which is attributed to a sufficiently high pitch and low height of the underlying gratings. Also the microscale texturing leads to suppressed reflection of incident light due to the efficient coupling of the incident light into modes that are guided in the active layer.

摘要翻译： 三维，微米纹理，格子状的有机太阳能电池几何。 太阳能电池在光栅上制造，以给它们提供增强的光吸收的三维纹理。 介绍微尺寸纹理对器件的整体功率转换效率有积极的影响。 具有预定间距和高度的光栅的该基于光栅的太阳能电池已经显示出比传统平板太阳能电池提高的功率转换效率。 效率的提高通过具有均匀厚度的有源层的光栅的均匀覆盖来实现，其归因于下面的光栅的足够高的间距和低的高度。 此外，由于将入射光有效地耦合到在有源层中引导的模式，微尺度纹理导致入射光的抑制反射。

公开(公告)号：US08487283B1

公开(公告)日：2013-07-16

申请号：US12288742

申请日：2008-10-23

申请人： Jae-Hwang Lee ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant

发明人： Jae-Hwang Lee ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant

IPC分类号： H01L35/02 ,  G01J3/10

CPC分类号： G01J3/10

摘要： A multi-channel polarized thermal emitter (PTE) is presented. The multi-channel PTE can emit polarized thermal radiation without using a polarizer at normal emergence. The multi-channel PTE consists of two layers of metallic gratings on a monolithic and homogeneous metallic plate. It can be fabricated by a low-cost soft lithography technique called two-polymer microtransfer molding. The spectral positions of the mid-infrared (MIR) radiation peaks can be tuned by changing the periodicity of the gratings and the spectral separation between peaks are tuned by changing the mutual angle between the orientations of the two gratings.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种多通道偏振热发射器（PTE）。 多通道PTE可以在正常出现时不使用偏振器发射偏振热辐射。 多通道PTE由单层和均质金属板上的两层金属光栅组成。 它可以通过称为双聚合物微转移成型的低成本软光刻技术来制造。 可以通过改变光栅的周期性来调整中红外（MIR）辐射峰的光谱位置，并且通过改变两个光栅的取向之间的相互角来调整峰之间的光谱间隔。

公开(公告)号：US08361545B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-29

申请号：US12227594

申请日：2006-06-01

申请人： In Sung Park ,  Tae Ho Lee ,  Jin Ho Ahn ,  Rana Biswas ,  Kristen P. Constant ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Jae-Hwang Lee

发明人： In Sung Park ,  Tae Ho Lee ,  Jin Ho Ahn ,  Rana Biswas ,  Kristen P. Constant ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Jae-Hwang Lee

IPC分类号： B05D5/06

CPC分类号： B05D5/06 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/1225 ,  G02B6/132 ,  Y10T428/24942

摘要： A manufacturing method of a photonic crystal is provided. In the method, a high-refractive-index material is conformally deposited on an exposed portion of a periodic template composed of a low-refractive-index material by an atomic layer deposition process so that a difference in refractive indices or dielectric constants between the template and adjacent air becomes greater, which makes it possible to form a three-dimensional photonic crystal having a superior photonic bandgap. Herein, the three-dimensional structure may be prepared by a layer-by-layer method.

公开(公告)号：US09400219B2

公开(公告)日：2016-07-26

申请号：US12754657

申请日：2010-04-06

申请人： Jae-Hwang Lee ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant

发明人： Jae-Hwang Lee ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant

IPC分类号： H01L35/02 ,  G01J5/52 ,  G01J3/10 ,  H02S10/30

CPC分类号： G01J5/522 ,  G01J3/108 ,  H02S10/30

摘要： Metallic thermal emitters consisting of two layers of differently structured nickel gratings on a homogeneous nickel layer are fabricated by soft lithography and studied for polarized thermal radiation. A thermal emitter in combination with a sub-wavelength grating shows a high extinction ratio, with a maximum value close to 5, in a wide mid-infrared range from 3.2 to 7.8 μm, as well as high emissivity up to 0.65 at a wavelength of 3.7 μm. All measurements show good agreement with theoretical predictions. Numerical simulations reveal that a high electric field exists within the localized air space surrounded by the gratings and the intensified electric-field is only observed for the polarizations perpendicular to the top sub-wavelength grating. This result suggests how the emissivity of a metal can be selectively enhanced at a certain range of wavelengths for a given polarization.

摘要翻译： 通过软光刻制造在均质镍层上由两层不同结构的镍光栅组成的金属热发射体，并研究了偏振热辐射。 与亚波长光栅组合的热发射器在3.2至7.8μm的宽中红外范围内具有高消光比，最大值接近5，以及波长为0.65的高发射率 3.7μm。 所有测量结果与理论预测表现出良好的一致性。 数值模拟表明，在由光栅包围的局部空气空间内存在高电场，仅对垂直于顶部亚波长光栅的偏振观察到强化电场。 该结果表明，对于给定的极化，金属的发射率如何可以在特定波长范围内选择性地增强。

公开(公告)号：US20100294325A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-25

申请号：US12754657

申请日：2010-04-06

申请人： Jae-Hwang Lee ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant

发明人： Jae-Hwang Lee ,  Kai-Ming Ho ,  Kristen P. Constant

IPC分类号： H01L35/02 ,  G01J3/10

CPC分类号： G01J5/522 ,  G01J3/108 ,  H02S10/30

摘要： Metallic thermal emitters consisting of two layers of differently structured nickel gratings on a homogeneous nickel layer are fabricated by soft lithography and studied for polarized thermal radiation. A thermal emitter in combination with a sub-wavelength grating shows a high extinction ratio, with a maximum value close to 5, in a wide mid-infrared range from 3.2 to 7.8 μm, as well as high emissivity up to 0.65 at a wavelength of 3.7 μm. All measurements show good agreement with theoretical predictions. Numerical simulations reveal that a high electric field exists within the localized air space surrounded by the gratings and the intensified electric-field is only observed for the polarizations perpendicular to the top sub-wavelength grating. This result suggests how the emissivity of a metal can be selectively enhanced at a certain range of wavelengths for a given polarization.

摘要翻译： 通过软光刻制造在均质镍层上由两层不同结构的镍光栅组成的金属热发射体，并研究了偏振热辐射。 与亚波长光栅组合的热发射器在3.2至7.8μm的宽中红外范围内具有高消光比，最大值接近5，以及波长为0.65的高发射率 3.7μm。 所有测量结果与理论预测表现出良好的一致性。 数值模拟表明，在由光栅包围的局部空气空间内存在高电场，仅对垂直于顶部亚波长光栅的偏振观察到强化电场。 该结果表明，对于给定的极化，金属的发射率如何可以在特定波长范围内选择性地增强。