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    Method and electrochemical cell for synthesis and treatment of metal monolayer electrocatalysts metal, carbon, and oxide nanoparticles ion batch, or in continuous fashion
    1.
    发明授权
    Method and electrochemical cell for synthesis and treatment of metal monolayer electrocatalysts metal, carbon, and oxide nanoparticles ion batch, or in continuous fashion 有权
    方法和电化学电池用于以批量或连续方式合成和处理金属单层电催化剂金属，碳和氧化物纳米颗粒

    公开(公告)号：US09017530B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-04-28

    申请号：US13427309

    申请日：2012-03-22

    申请人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang ,  Kotaro Sasaki

    发明人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang ,  Kotaro Sasaki

    IPC分类号： C25D17/02 ,  C25D7/00 ,  C25D5/20 ,  C25D17/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01M4/88

    CPC分类号： C25D7/006 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C25D5/20 ,  C25D17/002 ,  C25D17/005 ,  C25D17/007 ,  H01M4/8853 ,  Y02E60/50

    摘要： An apparatus and method for synthesis and treatment of electrocatalyst particles in batch or continuous fashion is provided. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a sonication bath and a two-compartment chamber submerged in the sonication bath. The upper and lower compartments are separated by a microporous material surface. The upper compartment comprises a cover and a working electrode (WE) connected to a Pt foil contact, with the foil contact connected to the microporous material. The upper chamber further comprises reference counter electrodes. The lower compartment comprises an electrochemical cell containing a solution of metal ions. In one embodiment, the method for synthesis of electrocatalysts comprises introducing a plurality of particles into the apparatus and applying sonication and an electrical potential to the microporous material connected to the WE. After the non-noble metal ions are deposited onto the particles, the non-noble metal ions are displaced by noble-metal ions by galvanic displacement.

    摘要翻译： 提供了以批次或连续方式合成和处理电催化剂颗粒的装置和方法。 在一个实施例中，该装置包括超声处理槽和浸没在超声处理槽中的两室室。 上部和下部隔室由微孔材料表面分开。 上部隔间包括一个盖子和连接到Pt箔接触件的工作电极（WE），箔片接触件连接到微孔材料上。 上室还包括参考对电极。 下室包含含有金属离子溶液的电化学电池。 在一个实施方案中，合成电催化剂的方法包括将多个颗粒引入设备中，并向与WE连接的微孔材料施加超声处理和电位。 在非贵金属离子沉积到颗粒上之后，非贵金属离子通过电镀位移被贵金属离子置换。

    Method and Electrochemical Cell for Synthesis and Treatment of Metal Monolayer Electrocatalysts Metal, Carbon, and Oxide Nanoparticles Ion Batch, or in Continuous Fashion
    2.
    发明申请
    Method and Electrochemical Cell for Synthesis and Treatment of Metal Monolayer Electrocatalysts Metal, Carbon, and Oxide Nanoparticles Ion Batch, or in Continuous Fashion 有权
    金属单层电催化剂金属，碳和氧化物纳米粒子在批量或连续时尚中的合成和处理方法与电化学电池

    公开(公告)号：US20120245017A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-09-27

    申请号：US13427309

    申请日：2012-03-22

    申请人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang ,  Kotaro Sasaki

    发明人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang ,  Kotaro Sasaki

    IPC分类号： B01J37/34 ,  B01J23/89 ,  B01J23/42 ,  C25D17/02 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B82Y40/00

    CPC分类号： C25D7/006 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C25D5/20 ,  C25D17/002 ,  C25D17/005 ,  C25D17/007 ,  H01M4/8853 ,  Y02E60/50

    摘要： An apparatus and method for synthesis and treatment of electrocatalyst particles in batch or continuous fashion is provided. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a sonication bath and a two-compartment chamber submerged in the sonication bath. The upper and lower compartments are separated by a microporous material surface. The upper compartment comprises a cover and a working electrode (WE) connected to a Pt foil contact, with the foil contact connected to the microporous material. The upper chamber further comprises reference counter electrodes. The lower compartment comprises an electrochemical cell containing a solution of metal ions. In one embodiment, the method for synthesis of electrocatalysts comprises introducing a plurality of particles into the apparatus and applying sonication and an electrical potential to the microporous material connected to the WE. After the non-noble metal ions are deposited onto the particles, the non-noble metal ions are displaced by noble-metal ions by galvanic displacement.

    摘要翻译： 提供了以批次或连续方式合成和处理电催化剂颗粒的装置和方法。 在一个实施例中，该装置包括超声处理槽和浸没在超声处理槽中的两室室。 上部和下部隔室由微孔材料表面分开。 上部隔间包括一个盖子和连接到Pt箔接触件的工作电极（WE），箔片接触件连接到微孔材料上。 上室还包括参考对电极。 下室包含含有金属离子溶液的电化学电池。 在一个实施方案中，合成电催化剂的方法包括将多个颗粒引入设备中，并向与WE连接的微孔材料施加超声处理和电位。 在非贵金属离子沉积到颗粒上之后，非贵金属离子通过电镀位移被贵金属离子置换。

    Platinum-Coated Non-Noble Metal-Noble Metal Core-Shell Electrocatalysts
    5.
    发明申请
    Platinum-Coated Non-Noble Metal-Noble Metal Core-Shell Electrocatalysts 有权
    铂金涂层非贵金属 - 贵金属芯壳电催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US20100197490A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-08-05

    申请号：US12708226

    申请日：2010-02-18

    申请人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang ,  Yibo Mo ,  Miomir Vukmirovic

    发明人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang ,  Yibo Mo ,  Miomir Vukmirovic

    IPC分类号： B01J23/42 ,  B01J23/89

    CPC分类号： H01M4/921 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B01J35/0013 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M4/928 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y02E60/50

    摘要： Core-shell particles encapsulated by a thin film of a catalytically active metal are described. The particles are preferably nanoparticles comprising a non-noble core with a noble metal shell which preferably do not include Pt. The non-noble metal-noble metal core-shell nanoparticles are encapsulated by a catalytically active metal which is preferably Pt. The core-shell nanoparticles are preferably formed by prolonged elevated-temperature annealing of nanoparticle alloys in an inert environment. This causes the noble metal component to surface segregate and form an atomically thin shell. The Pt overlayer is formed by a process involving the underpotential deposition of a monolayer of a non-noble metal followed by immersion in a solution comprising a Pt salt. A thin Pt layer forms via the galvanic displacement of non-noble surface atoms by more noble Pt atoms in the salt. The overall process is a robust and cost-efficient method for forming Pt-coated non-noble metal-noble metal core-shell nanoparticles.

    摘要翻译： 描述了由催化活性金属的薄膜包封的核 - 壳颗粒。 颗粒优选是纳米颗粒，其包含优选不包括Pt的贵金属壳的非贵重核。 非贵金属 - 贵金属核 - 壳纳米颗粒被优选Pt的催化活性金属包囊。 核 - 壳纳米颗粒优选通过纳米颗粒合金在惰性环境中的延长的高温退火来形成。 这使得贵金属组分表面分离并形成原子薄的壳。 Pt覆盖层通过涉及非贵金属的单层的潜在不良沉积，然后浸入包含Pt盐的溶液中的方法形成。 通过在盐中更贵的Pt原子通过非贵重表面原子的电位置形成薄的Pt层。 整个过程是用于形成Pt涂覆的非贵金属贵金属核 - 壳纳米颗粒的鲁棒且成本有效的方法。

    Electrocatalysts having gold monolayers on platinum nanoparticle cores, and uses thereof
    6.
    发明申请
    Electrocatalysts having gold monolayers on platinum nanoparticle cores, and uses thereof 有权
    在铂纳米颗粒芯上具有金单层的电催化剂及其用途

    公开(公告)号：US20070026292A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-01

    申请号：US11193694

    申请日：2005-08-01

    申请人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang

    发明人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang

    IPC分类号： H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/96 ,  B01J23/52

    CPC分类号： H01M4/90 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M4/926

    摘要： The invention relates to gold-coated particles useful as fuel cell electrocatalysts. The particles are composed of an electrocatalytically active core at least partially encapsulated by an outer shell of gold or gold alloy. The invention more particularly relates to such particles having a noble metal-containing core, and more particularly, a platinum or platinum alloy core. In other embodiments, the invention relates to fuel cells containing these electrocatalysts and methods for generating electrical energy therefrom.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及可用作燃料电池电催化剂的金涂层颗粒。 颗粒由至少部分地由金或金合金的外壳封装的电催化活性芯组成。 本发明更具体地涉及具有含贵金属的芯，更具体地说是铂或铂合金芯的这种颗粒。 在其它实施方案中，本发明涉及含有这些电催化剂的燃料电池及其从其产生电能的方法。

    Platinum- and platinum alloy-coated palladium and palladium alloy particles and uses thereof
    7.
    发明申请
    Platinum- and platinum alloy-coated palladium and palladium alloy particles and uses thereof 有权
    铂和铂合金涂层的钯和钯合金颗粒及其用途

    公开(公告)号：US20060135359A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-06-22

    申请号：US11019759

    申请日：2004-12-22

    申请人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang ,  Yibo Mo ,  Miomir Vukmirovic

    发明人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang ,  Yibo Mo ,  Miomir Vukmirovic

    IPC分类号： H01M8/00 ,  B32B5/16

    CPC分类号： H01M4/928 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B01J35/0013 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y10T428/2991

    摘要： The present invention relates to particle and nanoparticle composites useful as oxygen-reduction electrocatalysts. The particle composites are composed of a palladium or palladium-alloy particle or nanoparticle substrate coated with an atomic submonolayer, monolayer, bilayer, or trilayer of zerovalent platinum atoms. The invention also relates to a catalyst and a fuel cell containing the particle or nanoparticle composites of the invention. The invention additionally includes methods for oxygen reduction and production of electrical energy by using the particle and nanoparticle composites of the invention.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用作氧还原电极催化剂的颗粒和纳米颗粒复合材料。 颗粒复合材料由涂覆有原子亚单层，单层，双层或零价铂原子的三层的钯或钯合金颗粒或纳米颗粒基材组成。 本发明还涉及含有本发明的颗粒或纳米颗粒复合材料的催化剂和燃料电池。 本发明还包括通过使用本发明的颗粒和纳米颗粒复合材料来氧还原和产生电能的方法。

    Platinum-coated non-noble metal-noble metal core-shell electrocatalysts
    10.
    发明授权
    Platinum-coated non-noble metal-noble metal core-shell electrocatalysts 有权
    铂包覆非贵金属贵金属核壳电极催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US09005331B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-04-14

    申请号：US12708226

    申请日：2010-02-18

    申请人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang ,  Yibo Mo ,  Miomir Vukmirovic

    发明人： Radoslav Adzic ,  Junliang Zhang ,  Yibo Mo ,  Miomir Vukmirovic

    IPC分类号： B01J23/44 ,  H01M4/92 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01M4/86 ,  B01J35/00 ,  H01M8/10

    CPC分类号： H01M4/921 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B01J35/0013 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M4/928 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y02E60/50

    摘要： Core-shell particles encapsulated by a thin film of a catalytically active metal are described. The particles are preferably nanoparticles comprising a non-noble core with a noble metal shell which preferably do not include Pt. The non-noble metal-noble metal core-shell nanoparticles are encapsulated by a catalytically active metal which is preferably Pt. The core-shell nanoparticles are preferably formed by prolonged elevated-temperature annealing of nanoparticle alloys in an inert environment. This causes the noble metal component to surface segregate and form an atomically thin shell. The Pt overlayer is formed by a process involving the underpotential deposition of a monolayer of a non-noble metal followed by immersion in a solution comprising a Pt salt. A thin Pt layer forms via the galvanic displacement of non-noble surface atoms by more noble Pt atoms in the salt. The overall process is a robust and cost-efficient method for forming Pt-coated non-noble metal-noble metal core-shell nanoparticles.

    摘要翻译： 描述了由催化活性金属的薄膜包封的核 - 壳颗粒。 颗粒优选是纳米颗粒，其包含优选不包括Pt的贵金属壳的非贵重核。 非贵金属 - 贵金属核 - 壳纳米颗粒被优选Pt的催化活性金属包囊。 核 - 壳纳米颗粒优选通过纳米颗粒合金在惰性环境中的延长的高温退火来形成。 这使得贵金属组分表面分离并形成原子薄的壳。 Pt覆盖层通过涉及非贵金属的单层的潜在不良沉积，然后浸入包含Pt盐的溶液中的方法形成。 通过在盐中更贵的Pt原子通过非贵重表面原子的电位置形成薄的Pt层。 整个过程是用于形成Pt涂覆的非贵金属贵金属核 - 壳纳米颗粒的鲁棒且成本有效的方法。