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1.发明授权Self-contained system for controlling gaseous emissions from dilute organic sources and a process for using that system 失效用于控制来自稀有机源的气体排放的独立系统和使用该系统的过程
公开(公告)号：US5308457A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-03
申请号：US681869
申请日：1991-04-05
CPC分类号： B01D53/0454 , B01D53/8668
摘要： This invention is a device and a process for controlling the emission of volatile organic components. The invention is useful on gaseous or vapor-containing streams containing a minor amount of organic material, particularly on fairly dilute streams or those containing only a few parts per million of the organic material. The device is useful in adsorbing organics as might be found emanating from paint spray booths, restaurants, print shops, dry cleaners, furniture manufacturers, and bakeries.The device may be two-stage including an adsorber and a catalytic oxidation reactor or may be of such a configuration that the same bed is used both as the adsorber and catalytic oxidation reactor. In the former configuration, a first stage contains an electrically conductive adsorbent bed, potentially comprising an adsorbent placed on a conductive support of fibers, foil, or other structure. The adsorbent removes the organic from the gaseous stream as that stream passes through. When the adsorbent is loaded with volatile organic, a voltage is applied to the conductive support and the adsorbed organic material is desorbed. The stream containing the desorbed organic is passed through a catalyst bed where a catalyst (which may also be on a conductive support) oxidizes the volatile organic to a harmless material which may (perhaps after other treatment) be emitted to the atmosphere.
摘要翻译： 本发明是用于控制挥发性有机组分的排放的装置和方法。 本发明可用于含有少量有机材料的气态或含蒸汽流，特别是在相当稀释的物流上或仅含有少量百万分之有机材料的物流中。 该装置可用于吸附有机物，如从喷漆室，餐馆，印刷厂，干洗店，家具制造商和面包店那里可能发现的。 该装置可以是包括吸附器和催化氧化反应器的两级，或者可以具有这样的结构：使用同一床作为吸附剂和催化氧化反应器。 在前一种构造中，第一阶段包含导电吸附剂床，潜在地包括放置在纤维，箔或其它结构的导电载体上的吸附剂。 该吸附剂从气流通过时从气流中除去有机物。 当吸附剂装载有挥发性有机物时，向导电载体施加电压，吸附的有机材料被解吸。 含有解吸有机物质的物流通过催化剂床，其中催化剂（其也可以在导电载体上）将挥发性有机物氧化成无害材料，其可能（可能在其它处理之后）被排放到大气中。
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公开(公告)号：US5183401A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-02
申请号：US618301
申请日：1990-11-26
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Nobuyasu Ezawa , Kazunori Tsurumi , James C. Schlatter , Sarento G. Nickolas
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Nobuyasu Ezawa , Kazunori Tsurumi , James C. Schlatter , Sarento G. Nickolas
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23C6/045 , F23C2900/13002
摘要： This invention is a comparatively high pressure combustion process having a two stages in which a fuel is stepwise combusted using specific catalysts and catalytic structures and, optionally, having a final homogeneous combustion zone. The choice of catalysts and the use of specific structures, including those employing integral heat exchange, results in an overall catalyst structure which is stable due to its comparatively low temperature. The product combustion gas is at a temperature suitable for use in a gas turbine, furnace, boiler, or the like, but has low NO.sub.x content.
摘要翻译： 本发明是具有两个阶段的比较高压的燃烧过程，其中使用特定催化剂和催化结构逐步燃烧燃料，并且任选地具有最终均匀的燃烧区。 催化剂的选择和特定结构的使用，包括采用整体热交换的结构，导致总体催化剂结构由于其相对较低的温度而稳定。 产品燃烧气体处于适用于燃气轮机，炉，锅炉等的温度，但NOx含量低。
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公开(公告)号：US6116014A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-12
申请号：US462639
申请日：1995-06-05
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23R3/40 , F23D2203/104 , F23D2203/106 , F23D2203/107
摘要： A support structure for securing a catalyst structure comprising a multiplicity of longitudinally disposed channels for passage of a flowing gas mixture within a reactor, said support structure being comprised of a monolithic open celled or honeycomb-like structure formed by thin strips or ribs of high temperature resistant metal or ceramic which abuts against one end of the catalyst structure, and extends in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the catalyst structure to essentially cover an end face (at either the inlet end or outlet end or both) of the catalyst structure with the support structure being secured on its periphery to the reactor wall. The strips or ribs making up the support structure are bonded together to form a unitary structure having cellular openings at least as large as the catalyst structure channel openings. The cellular openings in the support structure are also positioned to be in fluid communication with the channels of the catalyst structure thus affording essentially unaltered gas flow from the catalyst structure through the support structure.
摘要翻译： 一种用于固定催化剂结构的支撑结构，其包括多个纵向设置的通道，用于使反应器内的流动气体混合物通过，所述支撑结构包括由高温的薄带或肋形成的整体开式或蜂窝状结构 抵抗催化剂结构的一端的电阻金属或陶瓷，并且沿与催化剂结构的纵向轴线垂直的方向延伸，以基本上覆盖催化剂结构的端面（入口端或出口端或两端） 其支撑结构在其周边固定到反应器壁上。 构成支撑结构的条带或肋条结合在一起，以形成具有至少与催化剂结构通道开口一样大的泡孔的整体结构。 支撑结构中的细胞开口还被定位成与催化剂结构的通道流体连通，从而从催化剂结构通过支撑结构提供基本上不变的气体流。
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公开(公告)号：US20110308311A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-22
申请号：US12817211
申请日：2010-06-17
IPC分类号： G01P5/10
CPC分类号： G01F1/6842
摘要： A flow body flow meter includes a flow body and a sensor having one or more probes in the flow body. As a wet gas stream enters the flow body, an internal passage imparts angular momentum to the stream to induce a rotating flow. The wet gas stream at least intermittently carries liquid phase particles and the inertia of the denser liquid phase particles separates them from the rotating flow. The probes of the sensor are located in a part of the rotating flow that is free of any liquid phase particles. The internal passage may include an axial swirler and a cylindrical section downstream from the axial swirler. The axial swirler imparts the nonlinear motion to the stream, and tips of the probes are located near a center axis of the cylindrical section so they are free of any liquid phase particles.
摘要翻译： 流体流量计包括流体和在流体中具有一个或多个探针的传感器。 当湿气流进入流体时，内部通道向流引入角动量以引起旋转流。 湿气流至少间歇地携带液相颗粒，并且较稠密的液相颗粒的惯性将它们与旋转流分开。 传感器的探头位于没有任何液相颗粒的旋转流的一部分中。 内部通道可以包括轴向旋流器和在轴向旋流器下游的圆柱形部分。 轴向旋流器将非线性运动赋予流，并且探针的尖端位于圆柱形部分的中心轴附近，因此它们没有任何液相颗粒。
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公开(公告)号：US07788906B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-07
申请号：US11494305
申请日：2006-07-26
IPC分类号： F01N3/00
CPC分类号： F01N3/0871 , F01N3/0814 , F01N3/0842 , F01N9/00 , F01N13/009 , F01N2240/30 , F01N2560/025 , F01N2610/03 , F02D35/0023 , F02D41/0055 , F02D41/1454 , Y02T10/47
摘要： Described here are systems and methods for controlling IC engines. In one aspect, a method for controlling a fuel processor is provided, the method including i) determining a temperature of an exhaust flow to the fuel processor, the fuel processor including a fuel processor catalyst; ii) determining a concentration of O2 in the exhaust flow upstream of the fuel processor catalyst; iii) determining a rate of the exhaust flow; and iv) adjusting a fuel flow rate to the fuel processor based on i), ii), iii) and a heat capacity value associated with the fuel processor. In other aspects, a system comprising logic operable to control a fuel processor is provided.
摘要翻译： 这里描述了用于控制IC引擎的系统和方法。 一方面，提供了一种用于控制燃料处理器的方法，所述方法包括：i）确定到燃料处理器的排气温度，所述燃料处理器包括燃料处理器催化剂; ii）确定燃料处理催化剂上游排气流中的O 2浓度; iii）确定排气流量; 以及iv）基于i），ii），iii）和与所述燃料处理器相关联的热容值来调节到所述燃料处理器的燃料流量。 在其他方面，提供了一种包括可操作以控制燃料处理器的逻辑的系统。
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公开(公告)号：US5258349A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-02
申请号：US617973
申请日：1990-11-26
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , B01J23/44 , B01J35/0006
摘要： This invention is a graded catalyst comprising palladium and also a partial combustion process in which the fuel is partially combusted using that catalyst. The catalyst utilizes a catalytic support structure suitable for high flow rates of combustible gas mixtures through it. The catalyst is situated on the support so that in the flowing gas stream a leading portion of the support has a higher combustion activity, such as by a higher concentration of catalytic metal, than has the trailing portion. The combination of graded catalyst and support provides a low "light off" temperature for the combustible gas (only a low preheat temperature is needed to cause the combustion reaction to begin) and yet does not cause "hot spots" to occur because of excess activity. The combustion gas produced by the catalytic process may be at a temperature below the adiabatic combustive temperature, may be used at that temperature, or fed to other combustion stages for further use in a gas turbine, furnace, boiler, or the like.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种包含钯的分级催化剂，也是使用该催化剂将燃料部分燃烧的部分燃烧过程。 该催化剂使用适合于通过其的可燃气体混合物的高流速的催化支撑结构。 催化剂位于载体上，使得在流动的气流中，载体的引导部分具有比具有后部的更高的燃烧活性，例如通过较高浓度的催化金属。 分级催化剂和载体的组合为可燃气体提供低的“轻度关闭”温度（仅需要低预热温度才能使燃烧反应开始），并且不会由于过量的活性而引起“热点” 。 通过催化过程产生的燃烧气体可能处于低于绝热燃烧温度的温度，可以在该温度下使用，或者进料到其它燃烧阶段，以进一步用于燃气轮机，炉，锅炉等。
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7.发明授权Graded palladium-containing partial combustion catalyst and a process for using it 失效分级含钯部分燃烧催化剂及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US5248251A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US856462
申请日：1992-03-24
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , B01J23/44 , B01J35/0006
摘要： This invention is a graded catalyst comprising palladium and also a partial combustion process in which the fuel is partially combusted using that catalyst. The catalyst utilizes a catalytic support structure suitable for high flow rates of combustible gas mixtures through it. The catalyst is situated on the support so that in the flowing gas stream a leading portion of the support has a higher combustion activity, such as by a higher concentration of catalytic metal, than has the trailing portion. The combination of graded catalyst and support provides a low "light off" temperature for the combustible gas (only a low preheat temperature is needed to cause the combustion reaction to begin) and yet does not cause "hot spots" to occur because of excess activity. The combustion gas produced by the catalytic process may be at a temperature below the adiabatic combustive temperature, may be used at that temperature, or fed to other combustion stages for further use in a gas turbine, furnace, boiler, or the like.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种包含钯的分级催化剂，也是使用该催化剂将燃料部分燃烧的部分燃烧过程。 该催化剂使用适合于通过其的可燃气体混合物的高流速的催化支撑结构。 催化剂位于载体上，使得在流动的气流中，载体的引导部分具有比具有后部的更高的燃烧活性，例如通过较高浓度的催化金属。 分级催化剂和载体的组合为可燃气体提供低的“轻度关闭”温度（仅需要低预热温度才能使燃烧反应开始），并且不会由于过量活性而引起“热点” 。 通过催化过程产生的燃烧气体可能处于低于绝热燃烧温度的温度，可以在该温度下使用，或者进料到其它燃烧阶段，以进一步用于燃气轮机，炉，锅炉等。
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公开(公告)号：US08549908B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-08
申请号：US12817211
申请日：2010-06-17
CPC分类号： G01F1/6842
摘要： A flow body flow meter includes a flow body and a sensor having one or more probes in the flow body. As a wet gas stream enters the flow body, an internal passage imparts angular momentum to the stream to induce a rotating flow. The wet gas stream at least intermittently carries liquid phase particles and the inertia of the denser liquid phase particles separates them from the rotating flow. The probes of the sensor are located in a part of the rotating flow that is free of any liquid phase particles. The internal passage may include an axial swirler and a cylindrical section downstream from the axial swirler. The axial swirler imparts the nonlinear motion to the stream, and tips of the probes are located near a center axis of the cylindrical section so they are free of any liquid phase particles.
摘要翻译： 流体流量计包括流体和在流体中具有一个或多个探针的传感器。 当湿气流进入流体时，内部通道向流引入角动量以引起旋转流。 湿气流至少间歇地携带液相颗粒，并且较稠密的液相颗粒的惯性将它们与旋转流分开。 传感器的探头位于没有任何液相颗粒的旋转流的一部分中。 内部通道可以包括轴向旋流器和在轴向旋流器下游的圆柱形部分。 轴向旋流器将非线性运动赋予流，并且探针的尖端位于圆柱形部分的中心轴附近，因此它们没有任何液相颗粒。
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公开(公告)号：US20130152698A1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-20
申请号：US13329275
申请日：2011-12-17
IPC分类号： G01F1/00
CPC分类号： G01F1/6842 , G01F5/00 , G01F15/08
摘要： A flow body flow meter includes a flow body, a heater, and a sensor. The flow body includes an inlet, an outlet, and an internal passage coupling the inlet and the outlet. The heater evaporates at least some liquid droplets in a stream received by the flow body. The sensor has one or more sensor probes in the flow body to measure a fluid property of the stream.
摘要翻译： 流体流量计包括流体，加热器和传感器。 流动体包括入口，出口和连接入口和出口的内部通道。 加热器在由流动体接收的流中蒸发至少一些液滴。 传感器在流体中具有一个或多个传感器探针以测量流的流体性质。
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10.发明授权Electrically-heated combustion catalyst structure and method for start-up of a gas turbine using same 失效电加热燃烧催化剂结构及使用其的燃气轮机起动方法
公开(公告)号：US6109018A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US688075
申请日：1996-07-26
CPC分类号： F23R3/40 , F01N3/2013 , F01N3/2026 , F01N3/281 , F02C7/26 , F23C13/00 , F23C13/02 , F01N2330/323 , F01N2610/03 , F05D2220/76 , F05D2260/85 , F23D2206/10 , Y02T10/26
摘要： This invention relates to an electrically-heated catalyst (EHC) and a start-up method of a gas turbine engine for combusting a hydrocarbonaceous fuel/oxygen-containing gas mixture using this electrically-heated catalyst. The catalytic structure is electrically heated to a predetermined temperature prior to start up of the turbine so as to reduce emissions during the start-up of the system. The EHC unit is a stacked or spirally wound layering of flat and corrugated thin metal foils which forms a plurality of axially-extending, longitudinal channels. The channels are preferably coated on one surface with a catalytic material, leaving the other surface free from the reaction to act as a heat sink, making the design an IHE (integral heat exchange) catalytic unit. The preferred embodiment of the EHC has electrodes outside of the fuel/oxygen-containing mixture stream, and uses electrical power having a predetermined voltage in the range of 100 to 200 volts to heat the unit. A method for using the EHC in the start-up of a gas turbine is also disclosed wherein an electrical power is applied to heat the EHC a predetermined temperature prior to the fuel/oxygen-containing mixture being introduced and may be left on for a certain period of time after the introduction of the fuel/oxygen-containing mixture. The EHC may be maintained at the desired predetermined temperature by modulating the applied voltage. The electrical power is terminated when any one of several conditions are met including when the heat of the catalytic reaction is sufficient to maintain the catalyst at its steady-state condition or when a certain period of time has elapsed.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及使用该电加热催化剂燃烧含烃燃料/含氧气体混合物的燃气涡轮发动机的电加热催化剂（EHC）和起动方法。 催化结构在涡轮启动之前被电加热至预定温度，以便在系统启动期间减少排放。 EHC单元是形成多个沿轴向延伸的纵向通道的平坦且波浪形的薄金属箔的层叠或螺旋卷绕的层。 通道优选在一个表面上用催化材料涂布，使另一个表面没有反应作为散热器，使得设计成为IHE（整体式热交换）催化单元。 EHC的优选实施例具有位于燃料/含氧混合物流之外的电极，并且使用具有在100至200伏特范围内的预定电压的电力来加热该单元。 还公开了在燃气轮机起动中使用EHC的方法，其中在引入燃料/含氧混合物之前施加电功率以将EHC加热到预定温度，并且可以保持一定的 在引入燃料/含氧混合物之后的时间段。 可以通过调制所施加的电压将EHC保持在所需的预定温度。 当满足几个条件中的任何一个时，电力终止，包括当催化反应的热量足以使催化剂保持在其稳定状态或当经过一定时间段时。
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