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    EMULSIONS AND THEIR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF FOAMS BASED ON ISOCYANATES
    1.
    发明申请
    EMULSIONS AND THEIR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF FOAMS BASED ON ISOCYANATES 审中-公开
    乳液及其在异构体生产中的应用

    公开(公告)号：US20140213679A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-07-31

    申请号：US14240507

    申请日：2012-08-22

    申请人： Reinhard Albers ,  Torsten Heinemann ,  Stephanie Vogel ,  Thomas Heidelmann ,  Frank Otto

    发明人： Reinhard Albers ,  Torsten Heinemann ,  Stephanie Vogel ,  Thomas Heidelmann ,  Frank Otto

    IPC分类号： C08G18/32 ,  C08G18/08

    CPC分类号： C08G18/3206 ,  C08G18/10 ,  C08G18/14 ,  C08G18/4018 ,  C08G18/4261 ,  C08G18/4829 ,  C08G18/5033 ,  C08G18/7664 ,  C08G65/2606 ,  C08G65/2615 ,  C08G65/2627 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08L71/02 ,  C08G18/40

    摘要： The invention relates to stable emulsions for the production of foams based on isocyanates, comprising at least three polyols A1a, A1b and A1c and at least one physical blowing agent T, wherein A1a is a polyether polyol, obtained by the addition of epoxies to starter compounds selected from carbohydrates and difunctional or higher-functional alcohols, A1b is a polyether polyol started on an aromatic amine and A1c is a polyester polyether polyol, obtained by the addition of epoxies to the esterification product of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid derivative and a difunctional or higher-functional alcohol. The invention further relates to a method for producing foams by reactions of such emulsions with isocyanates and to the foams obtainable in this way and their use for insulating purposes.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于生产基于异氰酸酯的泡沫的稳定乳液，其包含至少三种多元醇A1a，A1b和A1c以及至少一种物理发泡剂T，其中A1a是通过向起始化合物加入环氧化合物获得的聚醚多元醇 选自碳水化合物和二官能或更高官能的醇，A1b是在芳族胺上开始的聚醚多元醇，A1c是通过向芳族二羧酸衍生物和双官能或更高官能度的酯化产物中加入环氧化合物获得的聚酯多元醇多元醇 官能酒精。 本发明还涉及一种通过这种乳液与异氰酸酯的反应以及以这种方式获得的泡沫及其绝缘目的的用途来生产泡沫的方法。

    STABLE EMULSIONS AND THEIR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF FOAMS BASED ON ISOCYANATE
    2.
    发明申请
    STABLE EMULSIONS AND THEIR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF FOAMS BASED ON ISOCYANATE 审中-公开
    稳定的乳液及其在异氰酸酯生产中的应用

    公开(公告)号：US20140323605A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-10-30

    申请号：US14240770

    申请日：2012-08-22

    申请人： Reinhard Albers ,  Torsten Heinemann ,  Stephanie Vogel ,  Hartmut Nefzger ,  Frank Otto

    发明人： Reinhard Albers ,  Torsten Heinemann ,  Stephanie Vogel ,  Hartmut Nefzger ,  Frank Otto

    IPC分类号： C08G18/48 ,  C08L75/08

    CPC分类号： C08G18/48 ,  C08G18/4018 ,  C08G18/4216 ,  C08G18/425 ,  C08G18/4829 ,  C08G18/5033 ,  C08L71/02 ,  C08L75/08

    摘要： The invention relates to stable emulsions for the production of foams based on isocyanate, at least comprising three polyols A1a, A1b and A1c as well as at least one physical blowing agent T, wherein A1a is a polyether polyol obtained by addition of epoxides to starter compounds selected from carbohydrates and di- or higher-functional alcohols, A1b is a polyether polyol started on an aromatic amine, and A1c is a polyester polyol obtained by esterification of a polycarboxylic acid component and a polyalcohol component, wherein the total amount of aromatic dicarboxylic acid derivatives used in the esterification, calculated on the basis of the free aromatic dicarboxylic acids and based on the total mass of polyalcohol component and polycarboxylic acid component, is less than or equal to 48.5% by mass.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于生产基于异氰酸酯的泡沫的稳定乳液，至少包含三种多元醇A1a，A1b和A1c以及至少一种物理发泡剂T，其中A1a是通过向起始化合物中加入环氧化物得到的聚醚多元醇 选自碳水化合物和二官能或更高官能的醇，A1b是在芳族胺上开始的聚醚多元醇，A1c是通过多元羧酸组分和多元醇组分的酯化获得的聚酯多元醇，其中芳族二羧酸 以游离芳族二羧酸为基准，以多元醇成分和多元羧酸成分的总质量为基准计算的酯化衍生物的摩尔比小于或等于48.5质量％。

    Internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection
    8.
    发明授权
    Internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection 有权
    具有直接燃油喷射的内燃机

    公开(公告)号：US06543408B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-04-08

    申请号：US09936340

    申请日：2002-02-06

    申请人： Johannes Ernst ,  Bernhard Heel ,  Rolf Klenk ,  Frank Otto ,  Klaus Rössler ,  Guido Vent

    发明人： Johannes Ernst ,  Bernhard Heel ,  Rolf Klenk ,  Frank Otto ,  Klaus Rössler ,  Guido Vent

    IPC分类号： F02B1700

    CPC分类号： F02B17/005 ,  F02B23/101 ,  F02B77/04 ,  F02B2023/102 ,  F02B2023/106 ,  F02B2023/108 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02B2275/48 ,  Y02T10/12 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/125

    摘要： In internal combustion engines with direct fuel injection an injector injects fuel into the combustion chamber to form an ignitable fuel/air mixture with separately supplied combustion air, with the mixture to be ignited by a spark plug. The fuel is injected in a cone shape and the electrodes are protected from being wetted with fuel and coking if they are disposed outside the lateral surface of the conical fuel jet generated by the injection nozzle. In order to bring ignitable mixture between the electrodes and to ensure optimal operating behavior of the internal combustion engine by improving the combustion sequence, a combustion chamber configuration is provided such that the conical fuel jet is injected in a free jet which is substantially uninfluenced by the combustion chamber perimeter, and the electrodes of the spark plug project into a fuel vortex extending from the lateral surface during injection.

    摘要翻译： 在具有直接燃料喷射的内燃机中，喷射器将燃料喷射到燃烧室中以形成具有单独供应的燃烧空气的可点燃的燃料/空气混合物，混合物由火花塞点燃。 燃料以锥形注射，并且如果电极被设置在由注射喷嘴产生的锥形燃料喷嘴的侧面的外侧，则电极被保护免受燃料润湿和焦化。 为了在电极之间引入可燃的混合物并且通过改善燃烧顺序来确保内燃机的最佳操作行为，提供燃烧室配置，使得锥形燃料射流以自由射流注入，该自由射流基本上不受 燃烧室周边，并且火花塞的电极投射到在注射期间从侧表面延伸的燃料涡流。