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公开(公告)号：US5320746A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-14
申请号：US608130
申请日：1990-11-01
摘要： A process for recovering oil from tar sands by subjecting the tar sands to aqueous extraction to produce a bitumen-rich layer containing bitumen, water and solids and a bitumen-lean layer containing relatively less bitumen and relatively more water and solids. The solids present in the bitumen-lean layer contain a substantial portion of finely divided clay having adhered organic matter. The clay solids are retained with the bitumen from the bitumen-lean layer and the bitumen-clay mixture is pyrolyzed. Pyrolysis of the bitumen-lean layer containing clay having adhered organic matter reduces the volume of aqueous tailings which would otherwise be produced and also results in increased hydrocarbon yields.
摘要翻译： 通过对焦油砂进行含水萃取以产生含有沥青，水和固体的沥青富含层以及含有相对较少的沥青和相对较多的水和固体的沥青贫层，从沥青砂中回收油的方法。 存在于贫沥青层中的固体含有大部分具有粘附有机物质的细碎粘土。 粘土固体与贫沥青层的沥青一起保留，沥青 - 粘土混合物被热解。 含有附着有机物质的含有粘土的贫沥青层的热解减少了否则将产生的含水尾矿的体积，并且还导致增加的烃产率。
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2.发明授权Process for the preparation of high activity carbon monoxide hydrogenation catalysts; the catalyst compositions, use of the catalysts for conducting such reactions, and the products of such reactions 有权制备高活性一氧化碳氢化催化剂的方法; 催化剂组合物，用于进行这种反应的催化剂的使用以及这些反应的产物公开(公告)号：US06331574B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-18
申请号：US09415084
申请日：1999-10-08
申请人： Albert L'Vovoch Lapidus , Alla Jurievna Krylova , Michel A. Daage , Russell J. Koveal , Rocco A. Fiato
发明人： Albert L'Vovoch Lapidus , Alla Jurievna Krylova , Michel A. Daage , Russell J. Koveal , Rocco A. Fiato
IPC分类号： C07C2700
CPC分类号： C10G2/332 , B01J29/90 , B01J37/06 , B01J38/50 , B01J38/66 , C07C1/0445 , C07C1/045 , C07C2529/08 , C07C2529/18 , C07C2529/70 , C07C2529/83 , C07C2529/85 , Y02P20/584
摘要： A process for the preparation of a catalyst useful for conducting carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactions, especially Fischer-Tropsch reactions. The steps of the process begin with the activation, or reactivation, of a deactivated catalyst, or with the preparation and activation of a fresh catalyst. In accordance with the latter, the steps of the process comprise, first contacting, in one or more steps, a powder or preformed, particulate refractory inorganic support with a liquid, or solution in which there is dispersed or dissolved a compound, or salt of a catalytically active metal, or metals, to impregnate and deposit the metal, or metals, upon the support, or powder. The metal, or metals, impregnated support is calcined following each impregnation step to form oxides of the deposited metal, or metals. The calcined catalyst precursor is then treated with a solution of a chelating compound, preferably a poly- or multidentate chelating compound, sufficient to complex with, extract and remove a portion of the oxides of the metal, or metals. The catalyst is activated by reduction; suitably by contact with hydrogen. In the activation, or reactivation of a deactivated catalyst, the catalyst is first treated with the chelating compound to extract a portion of the oxides of the metal, or metals, and the catalyst is then reduced. In either event, the activated or reactivated catalyst has high activity, or high C5+ selectivity, or both high activity and C5+ selectivity in conducting carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactions. The productivity of the process is increased.
摘要翻译： 一种制备可用于进行一氧化碳氢化反应，特别是费 - 托反应的催化剂的方法。 该方法的步骤开始于失活催化剂的活化或再活化，或与新鲜催化剂的制备和活化。 根据后者，该方法的步骤包括首先在一个或多个步骤中接触粉末或预成型的颗粒状耐火无机载体与液体或其中分散或溶解化合物或其中的化合物或 催化活性金属或金属，以将金属或金属浸渍并沉积在载体或粉末上。 在每个浸渍步骤之后煅烧金属或金属浸渍的载体以形成沉积的金属或金属的氧化物。 然后将煅烧的催化剂前体用螯合化合物，优选多齿螯合化合物的溶液处理，该溶液足以与金属或金属的一部分氧化物复合，提取和除去。 催化剂通过还原活化; 适当地通过与氢接触。 在失活的催化剂的活化或再活化中，催化剂首先用螯合化合物处理以提取一部分金属或金属的氧化物，然后还原催化剂。 在任一情况下，活化或再活化的催化剂在进行一氧化碳氢化反应时具有高活性或高C5 +选择性，或高活性和C5 +选择性。 该过程的生产率增加。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5980782A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US845708
申请日：1997-04-25
申请人： Frank Hershkowitz , Harry W. Deckman , Robert P. Reynolds , Constantine P. Gonatas , John W. Fulton , Leonard Schoenman , Jack I. Ito , Russell J. Koveal , Lavanga R. Veluswamy , James H. Taylor , Alfredo M. Lopez
发明人： Frank Hershkowitz , Harry W. Deckman , Robert P. Reynolds , Constantine P. Gonatas , John W. Fulton , Leonard Schoenman , Jack I. Ito , Russell J. Koveal , Lavanga R. Veluswamy , James H. Taylor , Alfredo M. Lopez
CPC分类号： B01F5/0604 , B01J8/44 , C01B3/44 , B01J2219/00259 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/065 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1276
摘要： A novel fluidized bed syngas (FBSG) injector/reactor apparatus and an efficient process for the partial oxidation and steam reforming of light hydrocarbon gases such as methane, to convert such gases to useful synthesis gas containing CO and H.sub.2 for recovery and/or subsequent hydrocarbon synthesis. Sources of a light hydrocarbon gas, such as methane, and oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas are preheated and pressurized and injected through gas orifices of an injector at high velocity and comparable momentums into admixture with each other in the desired proportions, at a plurality of mixing chambers or recessed cups which are open to the fluidized bed reaction zone of a reaction chamber and are spaced over the face of the injector, to form a reactant gas premix having a pressure drop of at least 1% through the injector. The gaseous premix is injected in a time period which is less than its autoignition time, preferably less than 9 milliseconds, at a velocity between about 25 to 1000 feet/second, into a partial oxidation reaction zone comprising a fluid bed catalyst so that the gas mixture reacts in the catalyst bed, to reduce the amounts of CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O and heat produced by the partial oxidation reaction to favor the desired stoichiometry. The formed syngas is cooled and recovered, such as use in further synthesis processing.
摘要翻译： 一种新型流化床合成气（FBSG）注射器/反应器装置以及用于轻质烃气体如甲烷的部分氧化和蒸汽重整的有效方法，以将这些气体转化为含CO和H 2的有用合成气以用于回收和/或随后的烃 合成。 来自诸如甲烷和氧气或含氧气体的轻质烃气体被预热和加压，并通过注射器的气体孔以高速度和可比较的动量将其以所需的比例彼此混合，以多个 的混合室或凹形杯，其对反应室的流化床反应区开放并且在喷射器的表面上间隔开，以形成通过喷射器具有至少1％的压降的反应物气体预混物。 将气体预混物在小于其自燃时间（优选小于9毫秒）的时间内以约25至1000英尺/秒的速度注入到包含流化床催化剂的部分氧化反应区中，使得气体 混合物在催化剂床中反应，以减少CO 2，H 2 O的量和由部分氧化反应产生的热量，以有利于所需的化学计量。 形成的合成气被冷却和回收，例如用于进一步合成处理。
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公开(公告)号：US5968465A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-19
申请号：US929314
申请日：1997-09-19
CPC分类号： C10K1/34 , B01D53/04 , B01D53/14 , B01D53/8621 , C01B3/52 , C01B3/58 , B01D2253/104 , B01D2253/112 , B01D2256/16 , B01D2256/20 , B01D2257/406 , B01D2257/408 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0435 , C01B2203/0465
摘要： Hydrogen cyanide is removed from an HCN containing gas, e.g., a gas containing CO+H.sub.2, by contact with a metal oxide catalyst comprised of the oxides of molybdenum, titanium, and aluminum in the presence of water vapor, and subsequently water washing the resulting gas.
摘要翻译： 通过在水蒸汽存在下与由钼，钛和铝的氧化物组成的金属氧化物催化剂接触，从含HCN的气体例如含有CO + H 2的气体中除去氰化氢，随后水洗所得 加油站。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08486251B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-16
申请号：US12460832
申请日：2009-07-24
申请人： Russell J. Koveal
发明人： Russell J. Koveal
IPC分类号： C25B5/00
摘要： This invention relates to the desulfurization of a hydrocarbon feedstock by contacting said feedstock with an aqueous metal hydroxide solution, thus resulting in a desulfurized feedstock and an aqueous metal sulfide stream. In the present invention, the aqueous metal sulfide stream is split into at least three fractions and each fraction is passed to a different electrochemical cell, connected in series to regenerate the metal hydroxide required in the desulfurization process and recover sulfur, metal hydroxide, and hydrogen. In a preferred embodiment, at least a portion of the metal hydroxide that is produced in the electrochemical metal hydroxide regeneration process of the present invention is recycled for use in the process for desulfurizing the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon feedstock.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过使所述原料与金属氢氧化物水溶液接触使烃原料脱硫，从而得到脱硫原料和金属硫化物水流。 在本发明中，将金属硫化物流分成至少三个部分，并将每个部分通入不同的电化学电池，串联连接以再生脱硫过程中所需的金属氢氧化物并回收硫，金属氢氧化物和氢 。 在优选的实施方案中，在本发明的电化学金属氢氧化物再生方法中生产的至少一部分金属氢氧化物被再循环用于硫含烃原料的脱硫方法。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06300268B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-09
申请号：US09393517
申请日：1999-09-10
申请人： Albert L'Vovich Lapidus , Michel A. Daage , Russell J. Koveal , Alla Jurievna Krylova , Anatoliy B. Erofeev
发明人： Albert L'Vovich Lapidus , Michel A. Daage , Russell J. Koveal , Alla Jurievna Krylova , Anatoliy B. Erofeev
IPC分类号： B01J3810
摘要： A process for the desulfurization, and reactivation of a sulfur deactivated catalyst constituted of cobalt composited with a titania support. The sulfur deactivated cobalt titania catalyst is first contacted with a gaseous stream of molecular oxygen at temperature sufficiently high to oxidize the sulfur component of the catalyst. The sulfur oxidized catalyst is next contacted with a liquid, preferably water, to remove the oxide, or oxides of the sulfur. The catalyst is then contacted with a reducing agent, suitably hydrogen, to restore the activity of the catalyst. During the treatment there is no substantial loss, if any, of cobalt from the catalyst.
摘要翻译： 用于与二氧化钛载体合成的钴构成的硫失活催化剂的脱硫和再活化的方法。 硫失活的二氧化钛催化剂首先在足够高的温度下与分子氧的气流接触以氧化催化剂的硫组分。 硫氧化催化剂接着与液体，优选水接触，以除去氧化物或硫的氧化物。 然后将催化剂与还原剂（合适的是氢）接触，以恢复催化剂的活性。 在处理过程中，催化剂没有钴的显着损失（如果有的话）。
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公开(公告)号：US5948378A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-07
申请号：US16182
申请日：1998-01-30
CPC分类号： C01B3/58 , C10K1/10 , C10K1/34 , C01B2203/0435 , C01B2203/0465
摘要： A process for producing and cleaning a synthesis gas which contains ammonia and hydrogen cyanide catalytically converts most of the cyanide to ammonia which, along with some of the cyanide, is removed from the gas with water to form aqueous solutions of ammonia and cyanide. The hydrocarbon gas feed to the synthesis gas generator is used to strip ammonia and cyanide out of one or more of the aqueous solutions of these two species formed during the process and pass them into the generator in which they are consumed to form clean water. A portion of the resulting clean water is recycled back into the process where it used to scrub the synthesis gas, with the remainder used for other purposes or sent to disposal.
摘要翻译： 用于生产和清洁含有氨和氰化氢的合成气的方法催化将大部分氰化物转化为氨，其中一些氰化物与水一起从气体中除去，形成氨和氰化物的水溶液。 使用合成气发生器的碳氢化合物气体用于从工艺中形成的这两种物质的一种或多种水溶液中除去氨和氰化物，并将其送入发生器，在其中它们被消耗以形成清洁的水。 所得清洁水的一部分被循环回到其用于洗涤合成气的过程中，其余用于其它目的或被发送到处置中。
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8.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100187124A1
公开(公告)日：2010-07-29
申请号：US12460832
申请日：2009-07-24
申请人： Russell J. Koveal
发明人： Russell J. Koveal
摘要： This invention relates to the desulfurization of a hydrocarbon feedstock by contacting said feedstock with an aqueous metal hydroxide solution, thus resulting in a desulfurized feedstock and an aqueous metal sulfide stream. In the present invention, the aqueous metal sulfide stream is split into at least three fractions and each fraction is passed to a different electrochemical cell, connected in series to regenerate the metal hydroxide required in the desulfurization process and recover sulfur, metal hydroxide, and hydrogen. In a preferred embodiment, at least a portion of the metal hydroxide that is produced in the electrochemical metal hydroxide regeneration process of the present invention is recycled for use in the process for desulfurizing the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon feedstock.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过使所述原料与金属氢氧化物水溶液接触使烃原料脱硫，从而得到脱硫原料和金属硫化物水流。 在本发明中，将金属硫化物流分成至少三个部分，并将每个部分通入不同的电化学电池，串联连接以再生脱硫过程中所需的金属氢氧化物并回收硫，金属氢氧化物和氢 。 在优选的实施方案中，在本发明的电化学金属氢氧化物再生方法中生产的至少一部分金属氢氧化物被再循环用于硫含烃原料的脱硫方法。
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公开(公告)号：US06199768B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-13
申请号：US09271813
申请日：1999-03-18
申请人： Russell J. Koveal , Jackson I. Ito
发明人： Russell J. Koveal , Jackson I. Ito
IPC分类号： A62C502
CPC分类号： F23D11/007 , A62C31/12 , B01J8/1827 , B01J19/26 , B01J2208/00327 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00539 , C10G11/18 , Y10T137/87652
摘要： A liquid atomization process comprises forming a two-phase fluid mixture of a liquid and a gas, under pressure, dividing the fluid into two separate streams which are passed into and through an impingement mixing zone in which they are impingement mixed to form a single stream of two-phase fluid. The mixed, single stream is then passed into and through a shear mixing zone and then into a lower pressure expansion zone, in which atomization occurs to form a spray of atomized drops of the liquid. The impingement and shear mixing zones comprise respective upstream and downstream portions of a single cavity in a nozzle. This is useful for atomizing the hot feed oil in an FCC process.
摘要翻译： 液体雾化方法包括在压力下形成液体和气体的两相流体混合物，将流体分成两个分离的流，所述两个流分别流入并通过冲击混合区，在冲击混合区中它们被冲击混合以形成单流 的两相流体。 然后将混合的单一流进入并通过剪切混合区，然后进入低压膨胀区，其中发生雾化以形成液体的雾化液滴的喷雾。 冲击和剪切混合区域包括喷嘴中单个空腔的各自的上游和下游部分。 这对于在FCC工艺中雾化热进料油是有用的。
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10.发明授权Multi-injector autothermal reforming process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas (law 565). 失效多喷射器自热重整工艺和合成气生产设备（法律565）。
公开(公告)号：US5980596A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US845706
申请日：1997-04-25
申请人： Frank Hershkowitz , Harry W. Deckman , Robert P. Reynolds , Constantine P. Gonatas , John W. Fulton , Leonard Schoenman , Jack I. Ito , Russell J. Koveal , Costas A. Coulaloglou
发明人： Frank Hershkowitz , Harry W. Deckman , Robert P. Reynolds , Constantine P. Gonatas , John W. Fulton , Leonard Schoenman , Jack I. Ito , Russell J. Koveal , Costas A. Coulaloglou
IPC分类号： B01F5/00 , B01F5/06 , B01J4/00 , B01J8/02 , B01J19/24 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/38 , C10G2/00 , F23D14/22 , F23D14/62 , B01J8/00 , B01J8/04 , C07C27/00
CPC分类号： F23D14/62 , B01J19/249 , B01J8/0278 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/382 , C10G2/30 , F23D14/22 , B01J2208/022 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2462 , B01J2219/247 , B01J2219/2477 , B01J2219/2481 , B01J2219/2485 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/82
摘要： A novel injector/reactor apparatus and an efficient process for the partial oxidation of light hydrocarbon gases, such as methane, to convert such gases to useful synthesis gas for subsequent hydrocarbon synthesis. Sources of a light hydrocarbon gas, such as methane, and oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas are preheated and pressurized and injected through an injector means at high velocity into admixture with each other in the desired proportions, preferably at comparable momentums, at a plurality of mixing nozzles which are open to the reaction zone of a reactor and are spaced over the face of the injector, to form a reactant gas premix having a pressure drop equal to at least 1% of the lowest upstream pressure of either of said gas streams. The gas premix is ejected in a time period which preferably is less than 9 milliseconds, at a velocity between about 25 to 1000 feet/second, into a reaction zone comprising a partial oxidation zone, so that the gas mixture reacts therein. The partially-oxidized effluent is then passed into a steam reforming catalyst zone to reduce the amounts of CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O and heat produced by the partial oxidation reaction to form the useful syngas, which is cooled, recovered and/or further processed.
摘要翻译： 一种新型的注射器/反应器装置和用于轻质烃气体（例如甲烷）的部分氧化的有效方法，以将这种气体转化成有用的合成气以用于随后的烃合成。 来自诸如甲烷和氧气或含氧气体的轻质烃气体被预热和加压，并通过注射器装置以高速度以所需比例（优选在可比较的动量）以多种方式彼此混合，多个 的混合喷嘴，其对反应器的反应区开放并且在喷射器的表面上间隔开，以形成反应气体预混合物，该反应物气体预混合物的压降等于任一气流的最低上游压力的至少1％ 。 气体预混物在优选小于9毫秒的时间内以约25至1000英尺/秒的速度喷射到包含部分氧化区的反应区中，使得气体混合物在其中反应。 然后将部分氧化的流出物进入蒸汽重整催化剂区域以减少CO 2，H 2 O的量和通过部分氧化反应产生的热量，以形成有用的合成气，其被冷却，回收和/或进一步处理。
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