摘要:
Cold start-up of a engine fueled by alcohol or hydrogen dissociated from alcohol by vaporizing alcohol in a first vaporizer contacting that vapor with methanation catalyst in a methanation reactor to form methane, passing methane and alcohol delivered through a by-pass conduit to the engine, starting the engine, vaporizing alcohol in a second vaporizer to form additional alcohol vapor, contacting the additional alcohol vapor and a dissociation catalyst in a dissociation reactor to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide, conveying the hydrogen and carbon monoxide to the engine.
摘要:
In a system including an alcohol fuel container, a first catalyst containing reactor, an internal combustion engine, alcohol is passed from the container through the first reactor which contains dissociation catalyst. The alcohol is dissociated in the first reactor to form a combustible gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen. The hydrogen is then fed to the engine. The improvement includes passing alcohol through a second reactor containing dehydration catalyst to form ether. Then passing that ether to the engine for start-up. Thus, the engine may be started using a mixture of ether formed in the second reactor and alcohol and then operated using hydrogen formed in the first reactor.
摘要:
A fuel treatment and distribution apparatus for use with an internal combustion engine comprising an alcohol storage tank,a vaporizer,a catalyst containing reactor,a dissociated alcohol storage tank,and a by-pass conduit means,said alcohol storage tank being in fluid flow communication with said vaporizer means,said alcohol storage tank being in fluid flow communication with said by-pass conduit means,said vaporizer being in fluid flow communication with said catalyst containing reactor means,said catalyst containing reactor means being in fluid flow communication with said dissociated gas storage tank,said dissociated gas storage tank being in fluid flow communication and internal combustion engine said by-pass conduit means being in fluid flow communication with said internal combustion engine whereby peak operating capacity being handled by addition of liquid alcohol through said by-pass conduit.
摘要:
Methanol is produced from offshore natural gas in a plant positioned on a floating structure. The plant incorporates heat recovery equipment and storage facilities providing the flexibility to operate portions of the plant independently so that motion-sensitive parts of the plant, such as tall distillation columns for methanol purification, can be operated only during good weather, while sections of the plant less sensitive to motion can operate during more severe weather.
摘要:
An apparatus for the gasification of coal or other carbonaceous material is provided for operation at an elevated pressure of at least 30 psia, preferably, between 30 psia and 150 psia. Coal or other carbonaceous material passes downwards through two interconnected sections of a gasifier. In the upper section the coal is dried and partially devolatalized and so converted into a char before it passes into the lower section where it is converted, by reaction with steam and air, into ash and a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, ethylene, hydrogen sulphide, carbonyl sulphide and small amounts of ammonia and phenols. The coal, ultimately converted to ash, exits the gasifier through a flanged semi-spherical containment section that has an integrated rotating grate, which collects and disposes of the ash and through which pass the air and steam used as reactants in the gasifier.
摘要:
In combination, a composite construction comprising a load-bearing substrate, an impermeable liner, and disposed therebetween a circulatory system defined by a network of cells having side walls which are generally in lateral orientation to the liner and the load-bearing substrate, at least some of said side walls having apertures therein whereby at least some adjacent cells are in communication with each other, and means for circulating a fluid through said circulatory system.
摘要:
A method of improving the output and efficiency of a pulverized coal plant by integration with a gas turbine and a Heat Recovery Steam Generator. Specifically, embodiments of the invention provide improvements in the performance of an existing coal steam turbine electricity generating plant by the addition of coal gasifiers, a gas turbine and a heat recovery steam generator.
摘要:
Described is a boundary proximity determining system for wirelessly defining a boundary having a programmable shape and for indicating the occurrence of a rover unit traversing the boundary. The boundary proximity determining system includes a base station unit that generates a plurality of magnetic fields. The boundary proximity determining system also includes a rover unit that is responsive to the generated magnetic fields such that the rover unit defines the boundary in terms of the intensities and polarities of the magnetic fields. The rover unit determines whether the rover unit is within or outside the boundary by determining the current location of the rover unit in terms of the intensities and polarities of the magnetic fields and comparing the current location to the boundary.
摘要:
A brake beam assembly of the present invention includes an elongated beam disposed between railroad car truck sidewalls which carries brake pads at its ends, and is guided under power of an actuator between a standby and a braking position by a pair of pivot arms which swing in a pendulum-like fashion from pins mounted to the truck sidewalls.
摘要:
Apparatus for optimising the design of a manufacturing process in order to achieve predetermined goals including: A computer simulation model of the structural elements of a manufacturing process pre-programmed to operate according to predetermined flow and sequencing rules and data describing the required product mix and to output, during operation, data on request relating to breakdowns and queues at various resources within the process. A calculator received the data and calculates first values of complexity and constituent elements thereof from the output data of the computer simulation model and second values of complexity and constituent elements thereof from similar data relating to the real manufacturing process in operation. A comparator for receiving and comparing the said first and second values and for selecting improvement data in accordance with the result of that comparison from an improvement rules database and for providing said improvement data to said computer simulation model so as to cause a modification of the model.