Hydrogen generation processes and apparatus and control system
    4.
    发明授权
    Hydrogen generation processes and apparatus and control system 失效
    氢气生成过程及设备及控制系统

    公开(公告)号:US08282907B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-10-09

    申请号:US12375991

    申请日:2007-07-06

    IPC分类号: C01B3/22 C01B3/24 C01B3/26

    摘要: Hydrogen generators and processes for operating hydrogen generators using partial oxidation/steam reforming of fuel are provided that can achieve desirable Net Hydrogen Efficiencies over a range of fuels and hydrogen product production rates and purities. Superheated steam for the reformer feed is provided through indirect heat exchange with the reformate and through indirect heat exchange with a flue gas. The relative portions of superheated steam from each heat exchange is adjusted to enhance Net Hydrogen Efficiency as a demand condition such as hydrogen product production rate or purity changes, and cooler oxygen-containing gas is used to avoid precombustion temperatures in the reformer feed.

    摘要翻译: 提供氢发生器和使用部分氧化/蒸汽重整燃料来操作氢发生器的方法,其能够在一系列燃料和氢气产物生产率和纯度上实现理想的净氢效率。 用于重整器进料的过热蒸汽通过与重整产物的间接热交换并通过与烟道气的间接热交换来提供。 调整来自每个热交换的过热蒸汽的相对部分以提高净氢效率,作为诸如氢产物生产速率或纯度变化的需求条件,并且使用较冷的含氧气体以避免重整器进料中的预燃温度。

    Flow cell with leakage detection
    6.
    发明授权
    Flow cell with leakage detection 失效
    流通池泄漏检测

    公开(公告)号:US5452082A

    公开(公告)日:1995-09-19

    申请号:US270720

    申请日:1994-07-05

    IPC分类号: G01N21/05 G01M3/04

    CPC分类号: G01N21/05

    摘要: A flow cell for fiber optics spectroscopy having a radiation transparent window for the transmission of radiation uses a dual O-ring arrangement to prevent leakage of a medium undergoing evaluation around the window and a vent for indicating leakage between the O-rings. The arrangement also provides for the use of an O-ring to urge the window against a retainer that holds a lens to direct radiation into the window. Biasing of the window against the lens retainer and the use of a radial O-ring arrangement allows precise control of the separation between windows in the total path length for radiation travel across a fluid sample.

    摘要翻译: 用于具有用于辐射透射的辐射透明窗口的光纤光谱的流动池使用双O形环布置,以防止围绕窗口进行评估的介质的泄漏和用于指示O形环之间的泄漏的通风口。 该装置还提供使用O形环将窗户推靠在保持透镜以将辐射引导到窗口中的保持器上。 将窗口偏压在镜头保持器上以及使用径向O形环布置允许精确控制窗口之间的距离,用于穿过流体样品的辐射行程的总路径长度。

    HYDROGEN GENERATION PROCESSES AND APPARATUS AND CONTROL SYSTEM
    7.
    发明申请
    HYDROGEN GENERATION PROCESSES AND APPARATUS AND CONTROL SYSTEM 失效
    氢气发生过程和装置与控制系统

    公开(公告)号:US20090317323A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-12-24

    申请号:US12375991

    申请日:2007-07-06

    IPC分类号: C01B3/02 G05D7/00

    摘要: Hydrogen generators and processes for operating hydrogen generators using partial oxidation/steam reforming of fuel are provided that can achieve desirable Net Hydrogen Efficiencies over a range of fuels and hydrogen product production rates and purities. Superheated steam for the reformer feed is provided through indirect heat exchange with the reformate and through indirect heat exchange with a flue gas. The relative portions of superheated steam from each heat exchange is adjusted to enhance Net Hydrogen Efficiency as a demand condition such as hydrogen product production rate or purity changes, and cooler oxygen-containing gas is used to avoid precombustion temperatures in the reformer feed.

    摘要翻译: 提供氢发生器和使用部分氧化/蒸汽重整燃料来操作氢发生器的方法,其能够在一系列燃料和氢气产物生产率和纯度上实现理想的净氢效率。 用于重整器进料的过热蒸汽通过与重整产物的间接热交换并通过与烟道气的间接热交换来提供。 调整来自每个热交换的过热蒸汽的相对部分以提高净氢效率,作为诸如氢产物生产速率或纯度变化的需求条件,并且使用较冷的含氧气体以避免重整器进料中的预燃温度。

    Apparatus to alleviate thermal cycles in moving bed radial flow reactor
    8.
    发明授权
    Apparatus to alleviate thermal cycles in moving bed radial flow reactor 有权
    减轻移动床径流反应器热循环的装置

    公开(公告)号:US06569389B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-05-27

    申请号:US09438731

    申请日:1999-11-11

    IPC分类号: B01J808

    摘要: A process and arrangement for contacting a moving bed of compact particulate material, usually catalyst, with a radial flow of fluid maintains an unconfined surface of catalyst particles in place by passing fluid axially into the upper surface of the bed and maintaining radial gas flow across an inlet screen at an elevation that is above the upper most elevation of perforations for withdrawing gas flow from the particulate bed. Two vertical screens confine the bed of catalyst. Perforations cover substantially the entire length of the inlet screen. The outlet portion of the screen has perforations that end below the top of the free surface of the catalyst bed and define an upper bed portion therebetween. The inlet screen directs gas flow radially across the inlet screen into an upper portion of the bed and causes at least partial axial flow of gas through the upper portion of the particle bed. The axial gas flow through the upper portion of the particle bed holds the surface of the catalyst in place while also cause the gas to preheat the relatively cold catalyst as it initially enters the particulate bed. Heating of the catalyst in an upper portion moderates transient temperature spikes and depressions that fatigue a critical junction between perforated and unperforated portions of the outlet screen. The preheating of the catalyst in by this method and seal arrangement reduces damage temperature swings on equipment while providing an overall simplified arrangement for a upper seal zone in a bed of compact moving particles.

    摘要翻译: 用于将致密颗粒材料(通常是催化剂)的移动床与径向流体流接触的方法和装置通过将流体轴向地流入床的上表面并将径向气体流保持在径向流动状态,将催化剂颗粒的无侧限的表面保持在适当的位置 入口屏幕处于高于用于从颗粒床排出气体流的穿孔最高高度的高度处。 两个垂直的屏幕限制催化剂床。 穿孔基本上覆盖入口屏幕的整个长度。 筛网的出口部分具有穿孔,该穿孔在催化剂床的自由表面的顶部下方形成,并且在它们之间限定上床部分。 入口屏幕将气体流动径向穿过入口筛网进入床的上部,并使气体至少部分轴向流过颗粒床的上部。 通过颗粒床上部的轴向气流将催化剂的表面保持在适当的位置,同时也使气体在最初进入颗粒床时预热相对较冷的催化剂。 催化剂在上部的加热缓和瞬态温度尖峰和凹陷,使得出口屏的穿孔和未穿孔部分之间的临界接合疲劳。 通过这种方法和密封装置对催化剂的预热减少了设备的损伤温度波动,同时为紧凑的移动颗粒床中的上部密封区域提供了总体简化的布置。