Multilayer enzyme electrode membranes and methods of making same
    1.
    发明授权
    Multilayer enzyme electrode membranes and methods of making same 失效
    多层酶电极膜及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US5696314A

    公开(公告)日:1997-12-09

    申请号:US679089

    申请日:1996-07-12

    CPC分类号: C12Q1/002 Y10S435/817

    摘要: An electrochemical sensor is designed for use in detecting a concentration of an analyte in a sample solution. The sensor to have a longer useful lifetime, improved stability and improved response time for single or multiple use applications. In one aspect, some of these goals are achieved by providing the multilayer enzyme electrode membrane having both nonporous and microporous layers. The microporous layer is formed from a polymer binder, a polymer powder, a surfactant and a mineral powder. In another aspect, certain of these goals are achieved by the use of a layer comprised of an enzyme disposed within a polymer matrix. In certain embodiments, the multilayer enzyme electrode membrane includes an outermost layer which is capable of dissolving in the sample solution such that the interface between the multilayer enzyme electrode membrane and the sample solution is continually renewed. The sensor provides an electrical current output proportional to the reagent chemical interaction of the analyte with an immobilized enzyme layer during exposure of the sensor in such solution.

    摘要翻译: 电化学传感器设计用于检测样品溶液中分析物的浓度。 该传感器具有更长的使用寿命,提高了单个或多个使用应用的稳定性和改进的响应时间。 在一个方面,通过提供具有无孔和多孔层的多层酶电极膜来实现这些目标中的一些。 微孔层由聚合物粘合剂,聚合物粉末,表面活性剂和矿物粉末形成。 在另一方面,这些目标中的某些通过使用由置于聚合物基质内的酶构成的层来实现。 在某些实施方案中,多层酶电极膜包括能够溶解在样品溶液中的最外层,使得多层酶电极膜和样品溶液之间的界面不断更新。 传感器在这种溶液中曝光期间,传感器提供与分析物与固定化酶层的试剂化学相互作用成比例的电流输出。

    Light-emitting device, white light-emitting device, illuminator, and image display

    公开(公告)号:US08232717B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-07-31

    申请号:US11909009

    申请日:2006-03-17

    IPC分类号: H01L33/50 H01L33/52

    摘要: To achieve a light-emitting device emitting light with high brightness, closer to natural light, and less color shift due to a small change in intensity of emitted light, in a light-emitting device including a light source emitting light by driving current and at least one wavelength-converting material absorbing at least part of the light from the light source and emitting light having a different wavelength, the color coordinate x1(17.5) and the color coordinate y1(17.5) of the light emitted at a driving current density of 17.5 A/cm2 and the color coordinate x1(70) and the color coordinate y1(70) of the light emitted at a driving current density of 70 A/cm2 satisfy the following Expressions (D) and (E): −0.006≦x1(17.5)−x1(70)≦0.006  (D), −0.006≦y1(17.5)−y1(70)≦0.006  (E).

    Nitrogen doped carbon-coated effect pigments and their manufacture
    7.
    发明授权
    Nitrogen doped carbon-coated effect pigments and their manufacture 失效
    氮掺杂碳涂层效应颜料及其制造

    公开(公告)号:US06436538B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-08-20

    申请号:US09374221

    申请日:1999-08-13

    IPC分类号: B32B516

    摘要: The invention relates to a collection of composite plateletlike particles comprising a core and at least one coating layer consisting essentially of a compound having from 60 to 95% by weight of carbon and from 5 to 25% by weight of nitrogen, the balance to 100% being selected from elements of the group consisting of hydrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The invention also relates to processes for the manufacture thereof, to polymer compositions containing it, and to the use thereof as effect pigments. Preferably, the process for preparing the instant collection of particles comprises the steps of (a) suspending plateletlike particles in a liquid; (b) optionally adding a surface modifier, a polymerisation catalyst or both; (c) before or after step (b), adding one or more polymers containing nitrogen and carbon atoms, or one or more monomers which are capable to polymerize to said polymer; (d) effecting a polymeric coating layer to be formed on the surface of said plateletlike particles from the polymers or monomers added at step (c); (e) isolating said plateletlike particles having said polymeric coating layer from the suspension; and (f) heating said plateletlike particles having said polymeric coating layer to a temperature of from 100° C. to 1000° C. in a gaseous environment.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种复合片状颗粒的集合,其包含芯和至少一个涂层,所述涂层基本上由具有60至95重量%的碳和5至25重量%的氮的化合物组成,余量为100重量% 选自由氢,氧和硫组成的组的元素。本发明还涉及其制备方法,含有它的聚合物组合物及其作为效果颜料的用途。优选地,制备即时收集的方法 的颗粒包括以下步骤:(a)将片状颗粒悬浮在液体中;(b)任选地加入表面改性剂,聚合催化剂或两者;(c)在步骤(b)之前或之后,加入一种或多种含氮和 碳原子或一种或多种能够聚合到所述聚合物上的单体;(d)在聚合物的所述片状颗粒的表面上形成聚合物涂层 在步骤(c)添加的单体或单体;(e)从悬浮液中分离出具有所述聚合物涂层的所述片状颗粒; 和(f)在气态环境中将具有所述聚合物涂层的所述片状颗粒加热到100℃至1000℃的温度。