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1.发明授权Monolithic sensor switch for detecting presence of stoichiometric H.sub.2 /O.sub.2 ratio in boiling water reactor circuit 失效用于检测沸水反应器电路中化学计量H2 / O2比率的单片传感器开关
公开(公告)号：US5571394A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-05
申请号：US437269
申请日：1995-05-08
IPC分类号： G01N27/30 , G01N27/403 , G01N27/26
CPC分类号： G01N27/4035
摘要： An electrode probe for measuring the electrochemical potential of a surface at a location of interest in a boiling water reactor. The probe has a monolithic sensor configuration built into a single stainless steel mineral insulated (MI) cable. This monolithic sensor can be used as a switch to detect when the appropriate concentration of dissolved hydrogen required to provide IGSCC mitigation is present at any location inside the reactor. Using the sensor switch, it is possible to in situ instantly determine the minimum hydrogen level required to reach the IGSCC protection potential. The sensor configuration consists of a metal/metal oxide/ZrO.sub.2 sensor and a noble metal sensor in a combination wherein the outer sheath of a mineral insulated cable acts as the conductor for the noble metal and the central conductor of the MI cable acts as the conductor for the metal/metal oxide/ZrO.sub.2. The metal/metal oxide/ZrO.sub.2 sensor acts as a reference electrode in the BWR environment (i.e., at constant pH) and the noble metal sensor acts as a hydrogen electrode which responds to the dissolved hydrogen content in the BWR water.
摘要翻译： 用于测量沸水反应器中感兴趣位置处的表面的电化学势的电极探针。 探头具有内置在单个不锈钢矿物绝缘（MI）电缆中的单片传感器配置。 该单片传感器可以用作开关，以检测在反应器内部的任何位置处是否存在提供IGSCC缓解所需的适当的溶解氢浓度。 使用传感器开关，可以即时确定达到IGSCC保护电位所需的最低氢气水平。 传感器配置由金属/金属氧化物/ ZrO2传感器和贵金属传感器组成，其中矿物绝缘电缆的外护套用作贵金属的导体，并且MI电缆的中心导体用作导体 用于金属/金属氧化物/ ZrO 2。 金属/金属氧化物/ ZrO 2传感器用作BWR环境中的参比电极（即，在恒定pH下），贵金属传感器用作响应于BWR水中溶解的氢含量的氢电极。
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2.发明授权Temperature-based method for controlling the amount of metal applied to metal oxide surfaces to reduce corrosion and stress corrosion cracking 有权用于控制施加到金属氧化物表面的金属的量的基于温度的方法以减少腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂公开(公告)号：US06697449B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-24
申请号：US10118926
申请日：2002-04-10
IPC分类号： G21C900
CPC分类号： G21C19/307 , C23F11/18 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/40
摘要： Method for controlling the amount of metal atoms deposited into an oxide layer present on a metal surface, which metal atoms increase the corrosion resistance of metal when present in the oxide film, wherein the metal surface is submerged in water at a selected temperature within the range of about to 200° to 550° F.; and a solution of a compound containing the metal which increases the corrosion resistance of the metal surface when present in the oxide film is injected into the water. The compound decomposes at the selected temperature to release atoms of the metal which incorporate in the oxide film at a desired loading.
摘要翻译： 用于控制沉积在金属表面上的氧化物层中的金属原子的量的方法，该金属原子在存在于氧化物膜中时增加了金属的耐腐蚀性，其中金属表面在选定温度范围内浸没在水中 约为200°至550°F。 并且当存在于氧化物膜中时，含有金属的化合物溶液，其将金属表面的耐腐蚀性提高到水中。 该化合物在所选择的温度下分解以释放掺入氧化物膜中的金属原子以所需的载量。
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公开(公告)号：US06714618B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-30
申请号：US09196104
申请日：1998-11-20
IPC分类号： G21C900
CPC分类号： G21C19/307 , C23F11/18 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/40
摘要： Method for controlling the amount of metal atoms deposited into an oxide layer present on a metal surface, which metal atoms increase the corrosion resistance of metal when present in the oxide film, wherein the metal surface is submerged in water at a selected temperature within the range of about to 200° to 550° F.; and a solution of a compound containing the metal which increases the corrosion resistance of the metal surface when present in the oxide film is injected into the water. The compound decomposes at the selected temperature to release atoms of the metal which incorporate in the oxide film at a desired loading.
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4.发明授权Method for monitoring noble metal distribution in reactor circuit during plant application 失效在工厂应用中监测电抗器电路中贵金属分布的方法
公开(公告)号：US5625656A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-29
申请号：US482243
申请日：1995-06-07
IPC分类号： B01J37/03 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C3/07 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307
CPC分类号： B01J37/031 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , C23F15/00 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C17/0225 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C3/07 , G21Y2002/102 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/204 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/40 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A method for ensuring the distribution of noble metal in the reactor circuit during plant application without measuring the reactor water for noble metal content by chemical analysis. The method involves the measurement of electrochemical corrosion potential in an autoclave or a high-flow test section that is connected to the reactor water circuit through sample lines downstream of the injection port, preferably the point in the reactor circuit which is furthest from the injection port. If the noble metal flows into the autoclave or test section at these distant points in the reactor circuit, then the noble metal will deposit on the test specimens inside the autoclave or test section. After the noble metal has been injected for a predetermined duration, the electrochemical corrosion potential autoclave or test section is exposed to hydrogen water chemistry conditions and the electrochemical corrosion potentials of the specimens inside the autoclave or test section will be measured to determine the extent of their catalytic response. A good catalytic response indicates that the noble metal has reached the locations upstream where electrochemical corrosion potential is being measured.
摘要翻译： 一种用于确保在植物施用期间在反应器回路中分布贵金属的方法，而不通过化学分析测量贵金属含量的反应器水。 该方法包括在高压灭菌器或高流量测试部分中测量电化学腐蚀电位，该高压灭菌器或高流量试验部分通过注入口下游的取样管线连接到反应器水回路，优选地在反应器电路中与注射端口最远的点 。 如果贵金属在反应器电路中的这些远处流入高压釜或试验部分，则贵金属将沉积在高压釜或试验部分内的试样上。 在将贵金属注入预定时间后，将电化学腐蚀潜力的高压釜或试验部分暴露于氢水化学条件下，并测量高压釜或试验部分内的试样的电化学腐蚀电位，以确定它们的程度 催化反应。 良好的催化反应表明贵金属已经到达测量电化学腐蚀电位的上游位置。
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公开(公告)号：US20140360606A1
公开(公告)日：2014-12-11
申请号：US14298191
申请日：2014-06-06
IPC分类号： B01F13/02
CPC分类号： B01F15/0412 , B01F5/0495 , F16K19/003 , G05D11/006 , Y10T137/2218
摘要： A system and method of injecting a chemical into a high pressure process stream without pumps or other active components. The system utilizes the differential pressure created by resistive losses of downstream components within a high pressure process stream. A bypass side stream is taken from an upstream pressure location and returned to the downstream side of the resistive inline process component. The chemical solution vessel is pressurized by the higher side of the pressure differential. The solution then passes through a flow controlling capillary tube exiting on the lower pressure differential side into the bypass stream. The high flow rate chemically diluted bypass stream then returns to the process stream at the lower differential process stream tie-in. The chemical solution is isolated from the process water pressuring the vessel by a movable separating device preventing mixing of the two fluids. The vessel can also be pressurized by gas.
摘要翻译： 将化学品注入高压工艺流而不使用泵或其他活性组分的系统和方法。 该系统利用由高压工艺流中的下游部件的电阻损耗产生的压差。 旁路侧流从上游压力位置获取，并返回到电阻内联过程组件的下游侧。 化学溶液容器由压力差的较高侧加压。 然后溶液通过从低压差侧出来的流动控制毛细管进入旁路流。 然后，高流量化学稀释的旁路流在较低的差分过程流束缚下返回到过程流。 化学溶液是通过可移动的分离装置从加工水中分离出来的，以防止两种流体的混合。 容器也可以用气体加压。
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6.发明申请Method of manufacture of noble metal/zinc oxide hybrid product for simultaneous dose reduction and SCC mitigation of nuclear power plants 审中-公开贵金属/氧化锌混合产品的制造方法，用于同时减量和SCC减排核电厂公开(公告)号：US20080107228A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-08
申请号：US11979419
申请日：2007-11-02
IPC分类号： G21C19/28
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , B01J23/60 , B22F1/025 , B22F9/24 , C01G9/00 , C01G55/00 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2004/80 , C01P2004/84 , G21C19/307 , Y10T137/0324
摘要： Composite particle comprising a zinc containing compound such as zinc oxide and a noble metal such a platinum, and process for fabrication thereof. The particles facilitate simultaneous controlled introduction of the zinc and noble metal species into a nuclear reactor.
摘要翻译： 包含诸如氧化锌的含锌化合物和铂等贵金属的复合粒子及其制造方法。 这些颗粒有助于同时控制将锌和贵金属物质引入核反应堆。
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7.发明授权Radiation-induced palladium doping of metals to protect against stress corrosion cracking 失效金属的辐射诱导钯掺杂，以防止应力腐蚀开裂
公开(公告)号：US5602888A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-11
申请号：US416656
申请日：1995-04-05
IPC分类号： G21D1/00 , B01J37/03 , C23C30/00 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C3/07 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21D3/08 , G21C9/00
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , B01J37/031 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C3/07 , G21Y2002/102 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/204 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/40 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A method for mitigating crack growth on the surface of stainless steel or other alloy components in a water-cooled nuclear reactor wherein a solution or suspension of a compound containing a noble metal is injected into the coolant water while the reactor is not generating nuclear heat, e.g., during shutdown or recirculation pump heatup. During shutdown, the reactor coolant water reaches temperatures as low as 120.degree. F., in contrast to the water temperature of 550.degree. F. during normal operation. During pump heatup, the water temperature reaches 400.degree.-450.degree. F. At these reduced temperatures, the rate of thermal decomposition of the injected noble metal compound is reduced. However, radiation-induced decomposition also occurs inside the reactor. In particular, the noble metal compound can be decomposed by the gamma radiation emanating from the nuclear fuel core of the reactor. The noble metal compound decomposes under reactor thermal and radiation conditions to release ions/atoms of the noble metal which incorporate in or deposit on the oxide film formed on the stainless steel and other alloy components. As a result, the electrochemical potential of the metal surface is maintained at a level below the critical potential in the presence of low levels of hydrogen to protect against intergranular stress corrosion cracking.
摘要翻译： 一种用于减轻水冷核反应堆中不锈钢或其他合金组分表面上的裂纹扩展的方法，其中将含有贵金属的化合物的溶液或悬浮液注入冷却水中，同时反应器不产生核热， 例如在停机或再循环泵加热期间。 在停机期间，反应堆冷却水的温度低至120°F，与正常运行时的550°F水温相反。 在泵加热期间，水温达到400°-450°F。在这些降低的温度下，注入的贵金属化合物的热分解速率降低。 然而，辐射诱导的分解也发生在反应器内部。 特别地，贵金属化合物可以通过从反应器的核燃料芯发出的γ射线分解。 贵金属化合物在反应器热和辐射条件下分解，以释放掺入或沉积在不锈钢和其它合金组分上形成的氧化膜上的贵金属的离子/原子。 因此，在低水平的氢气存在下，金属表面的电化学势能保持在低于临界电位的水平，以防止晶间应力腐蚀开裂。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5132093A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-21
申请号：US582796
申请日：1990-09-13
IPC分类号： A01N43/40 , A01N55/00 , A01N55/04 , A01N57/24 , C07D213/70 , C07D213/74 , C07F7/08 , C07F7/10 , C07F7/22 , C07F9/58 , C07F9/6568 , C09K3/18 , C23F11/14 , C23F11/16
CPC分类号： C07D213/70 , A01N43/40 , A01N55/00 , A01N55/04 , A01N57/24 , C07D213/74 , C07F7/0814 , C07F7/2212 , C07F9/587 , C07F9/65683 , C23F11/04 , C23F11/141 , C23F11/149 , C23F11/16
摘要： The present invention relates to a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein (a) A is independently selected from --SR.sup.1, --NR.sup.1 R.sup.2, --PR.sup.1 R.sup.2, --Si,R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3, or --SnR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3,R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, arylalkyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or aryl, substituted aryl, or where R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together form a heterocycle group, having from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, andn is an integer from 1 to 5;(b) Y is selected from a direct bond or --CR.sup.4 R.sup.5 --, wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently selected from hydrogen, or alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together form a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms;(c) Z is aryl or substituted aryl; and(d) X is halogen, sulfonate, carboxylate, phosphate, carbonate, sulfate, or MD.sub.m wherein M is boron, phosphorous, arsenic, antimony or silicon, D is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine and m is 2, 3 or 4. These compounds are useful as synergistic corrosion inhibitors for metals. These compounds are also useful as bacteriostats, antifungal agents and as deicing agents as surfactants.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及下式化合物：其中（a）A独立地选自-SR1，-NR1R2，-PR1R2，-Si，R1R2R3或-SnR1R2R3，R1，R2和R3各自独立地选自 由烷基，环烷基，烷基环烷基，具有1至20个碳原子的芳基烷基或芳基，取代的芳基，或其中R2和R3一起形成具有4至20个碳原子的杂环基，n为1至5的整数; （b）Y选自直接键或-CR 4 R 5 - ，其中R 4和R 5各自独立地选自氢或具有1至20个碳原子的烷基或R 4和R 5一起形成具有4至20个碳原子的环烷基 ; （c）Z是芳基或取代的芳基; 和（d）X是卤素，磺酸盐，羧酸盐，磷酸盐，碳酸盐，硫酸盐或MDm，其中M是硼，磷，砷，锑或硅，D是氟，氯，溴或碘，m是2,3或4 这些化合物可用作金属的协同腐蚀抑制剂。 这些化合物也可用作抑菌剂，抗真菌剂和作为表面活性剂的除冰剂。
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9.发明申请Method of manufacture of noble metal/zinc oxide hybrid product for simultaneous dose reduction and scc mitigation of nuclear power plants 审中-公开贵金属/氧化锌混合产品的制造方法，用于同时减少和减少核电厂的减排公开(公告)号：US20110218094A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-08
申请号：US11979429
申请日：2007-11-02
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , B01J23/60 , B22F1/025 , B22F9/24 , C01G9/00 , C01G55/00 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2004/80 , C01P2004/84 , G21C19/307 , Y10T137/0324
摘要： Composite particle comprising a zinc containing compound such as zinc oxide and a noble metal such a platinum, and process for fabrication thereof. The particles facilitate simultaneous controlled introduction of the zinc and noble metal species into a nuclear reactor.
摘要翻译： 包含诸如氧化锌的含锌化合物和铂等贵金属的复合粒子及其制造方法。 这些颗粒有助于同时控制将锌和贵金属物质引入核反应堆。
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公开(公告)号：US06357284B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-19
申请号：US09389882
申请日：1999-09-03
IPC分类号： G01M2726
CPC分类号： G01N17/02
摘要： A ceramic sensor is disclosed that includes a ceramic tube having a closed end and an open end, and a metal sleeve having open first and second ends. The ceramic tube is formed of stabilized zirconia. The metal sleeve extends about the open end of the ceramic tube and is sealingly joined thereto at a contact region by a brazeless bond resulting from hot isostatic pressing. A mixture of metal and metal oxide powders is provided within the ceramic tube adjacent the closed end, and a conducting wire extends from the mixture of metal and metal oxide powders to the second end of the metal sleeve.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种陶瓷传感器，其包括具有封闭端和开口端的陶瓷管，以及具有开放的第一端和第二端的金属套管。 陶瓷管由稳定的氧化锆形成。 金属套筒围绕陶瓷管的开口端部延伸，并且通过由热等静压制成的无钎焊接头在接触区域处密封地连接到陶瓷管的开口端。 金属和金属氧化物粉末的混合物在邻近封闭端的陶瓷管内提供，导线从金属和金属氧化物粉末的混合物延伸到金属套筒的第二端。
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