Abstract:
An apparatus includes a housing including a hollow inside; a cover configured to cover the housing and support a portion of a biological cell on the cover; an opening formed through the cover and configured to expose at least a portion of the cell to the hollow inside of the housing; an electrode base disposed on a bottom of the housing; and one or more electrode rods arranged between the electrode base and the cover, and configured to support the cover, wherein the electrode base and/or the one or more electrode rods are arranged for sensing an electrical signal from at least another portion of the cell.
Abstract:
A monomer represented by Chemical Formula 1-1 wherein in Chemical Formula 1-1, Z, L1, L2, R1 to R6, n, m, p, and a to f are the same as defined in the detailed description.
Abstract:
A driving method of a nonvolatile memory device includes receiving a program command and an address. The method includes changing a number of adjacent zones of a plurality of zones formed of unselected word lines according to a location of a selected word line corresponding to the received address. The method further includes applying different zone voltages to the number of adjacent zones and remaining zones. The nonvolatile memory device includes a plurality of strings formed to penetrate word lines stacked on a substrate in a plate shape.
Abstract:
A three-dimensional (3D) nanoprobe device includes a body portion including a plurality of body layers that are stacked, a plurality of nanoprobes respectively extending longitudinally from the body portion, with each of the plurality of nanoprobes comprising a plurality of extension layers that are stacked, and an electrode portion disposed on a portion of the body portion.
Abstract:
A multichannel apparatus for exchanging channels and an operating method of the multichannel apparatus are provided. The apparatus includes reception nodes configured to receive input signals of an analog domain, main signal processors configured to perform a signal processing operation on the input signals, and auxiliary signal processors configured to replace the main signal processors and perform at least a portion of the signal processing operation in response to a replacement condition being satisfied. The reception nodes, the main signal processors, and the auxiliary signal processors are implemented in a single integrated circuit (IC) package.
Abstract:
Provided is a refrigerator including a door, a door shelf provided on the door and including a weight-sensitive storage area for sensing a weight of an item, a weight transmission device installed on the door shelf and configured to transmit information about the sensed weight, a user interface including a display and an inputter, and a processor configured to manage item information, based on the information about the sensed weight received from the weight transmission device, and control the display to display management information about the item.
Abstract:
A refrigerator and a controlling method thereof are provided. The refrigerator includes a main body including first and second doors, a first motor for opening the first door and a second motor for opening the second door, and a processor configured to, based on a user command for opening the door being obtained, start driving the first motor to open the first door, and after a first time from the time when the first motor has started being driven, start driving the second motor to open the second door.
Abstract:
An outdoor air cleaning system includes a partition surrounding a purification space to isolate the purification space from an external space and having at least one opening connecting the purification space to the external space, an air purifying device configured to supply purified air to the purification space, and a controller configured to control the air purifying device. An openness level defined as an area ratio of the opening with respect to a surface area of the partition is about 10% or more and about 50% or less.
Abstract:
A nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells, a page buffer circuit connected with the memory cell array via a plurality of bit lines and configured to selectively pre-charge the plurality of bit lines, and control logic configured to control the page buffer circuit such that a pre-charge voltage is applied to selected bit lines of the plurality of bit lines during a first time at a read operation and such that a pre-charge voltage is applied to selected bit lines of the plurality of bit lines during a second time different from the first time at a verification read operation. The second time is determined on the basis of the number of selected bit lines of the plurality of bit lines at the verification read operation.
Abstract:
A refrigerator includes: a main body, a door rotationally or slidably installed at a front of the main body, at least one storage chamber configured to store items, a water tank arranged in the at least one storage chamber and configured to store water to be supplied to at least one water supply system, a water detection sensor configured to detect the water stored in the water tank, and at least one processor configured to, when the water stored in the water tank is detected for at least a certain period of time by the water detection sensor, control a first pump to discharge the water stored in the water tank onto an evaporation tray under a condenser in a machine room by using a discharge path for defrost water.