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1.发明授权Batch methods for enriching trace impurities in hydrogen gas for their further analysis 有权用于浓缩氢气中微量杂质的分批方法进行进一步分析公开(公告)号：US08778694B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-15
申请号：US12835614
申请日：2010-07-13
IPC分类号： G01N33/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/229 , B01D53/04 , B01D53/22 , B01D2053/221 , G01N33/0014 , Y10T436/13 , Y10T436/22
摘要： Provided herein are batch methods and devices for enriching trace quantities of impurities in gaseous mixtures, such as hydrogen fuel. The methods and devices rely on concentrating impurities using hydrogen transport membranes wherein the time period for concentrating the sample is calculated on the basis of optimized membrane characteristics, comprising its thickness and permeance, with optimization of temperature, and wherein the enrichment of trace impurities is proportional to the pressure ratio Phi/Plo and the volume ratio V1/V2, with following detection of the impurities using commonly-available detection methods.
摘要翻译： 本文提供了用于富集气体混合物（例如氢燃料）中痕量杂质的批次方法和装置。 所述方法和装置依赖于使用氢传输膜浓缩杂质，其中基于优化的膜特性计算浓缩样品的时间段，其包括其厚度和渗透性，并优化温度，并且其中痕量杂质的富集成比例 压力比Phi / Plo和体积比V1 / V2，使用常用的检测方法检测杂质。
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公开(公告)号：US20110005302A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-13
申请号：US12835614
申请日：2010-07-13
IPC分类号： G01N33/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/229 , B01D53/04 , B01D53/22 , B01D2053/221 , G01N33/0014 , Y10T436/13 , Y10T436/22
摘要： Provided herein are methods and devices to enrich trace quantities of impurities in gaseous mixtures, such as hydrogen fuel. The methods and devices rely on concentration of impurities so as to allow the detection of the impurities using commonly-available detection methods.
摘要翻译： 本文提供了在气态混合物（例如氢燃料）中富集微量杂质的方法和装置。 所述方法和装置依赖于杂质的浓度，从而允许使用常用的检测方法检测杂质。
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公开(公告)号：US5248566A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US796973
申请日：1991-11-25
申请人： Romesh Kumar , Shabbir Ahmed , Michael Krumpelt , Kevin M. Myles
发明人： Romesh Kumar , Shabbir Ahmed , Michael Krumpelt , Kevin M. Myles
IPC分类号： H01M8/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/0612
摘要： A propulsion system for a vehicle having pairs of front and rear wheels and a fuel tank. An electrically driven motor having an output shaft operatively connected to at least one of said pair of wheels is connected to a fuel cell having a positive electrode and a negative electrode separated by an electrolyte for producing dc power to operate the motor. A partial oxidation reformer is connected both to the fuel tank and to the fuel cell receives hydrogen-containing fuel from the fuel tank and water and air and for partially oxidizing and reforming the fuel with water and air in the presence of an oxidizing catalyst and a reforming catalyst to produce a hydrogen-containing gas. The hydrogen-containing gas is sent from the partial oxidation reformer to the fuel cell negative electrode while air is transported to the fuel cell positive electrode to produce dc power for operating the electric motor.
摘要翻译： 一种用于具有一对前后轮和一个燃料箱的车辆的推进系统。 具有可操作地连接到所述一对车轮中的至少一个的输出轴的电动马达连接到具有由用于产生直流电力以产生电动机的电解质分离的正极和负极的燃料电池。 部分氧化重整器连接到燃料箱，燃料电池从燃料箱和水和空气接收含氢燃料，并在氧化催化剂存在下用水和空气部分氧化和重整燃料， 重整催化剂以产生含氢气体。 将含氢气体从部分氧化重整器输送到燃料电池负极，同时将空气输送到燃料电池正极，以产生用于操作电动机的直流电力。
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公开(公告)号：US5929286A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US92190
申请日：1998-06-05
申请人： Michael Krumpelt , Shabbir Ahmed , Romesh Kumar , Rajiv Doshi
发明人： Michael Krumpelt , Shabbir Ahmed , Romesh Kumar , Rajiv Doshi
IPC分类号： B01J23/63 , B01J35/00 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/40 , C04B35/453 , C04B35/486 , C04B35/495 , C04B35/50 , H01M8/06 , C07C45/51
CPC分类号： H01M8/0612 , B01J35/0006 , C01B3/386 , C01B3/40 , C04B35/453 , C04B35/486 , C04B35/495 , C04B35/50 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/1047 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1619 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A method of forming a hydrogen rich gas from a source of hydrocarbon fuel in which the hydrocarbon fuel contacts a two-part catalyst comprising a dehydrogenation portion and an oxide-ion conducting portion at a temperature not less than about 400.degree. C. for a time sufficient to generate the hydrogen rich gas while maintaining CO content less than about 5 volume percent. There is also disclosed a method of forming partially oxidized hydrocarbons from ethanes in which ethane gas contacts a two-part catalyst comprising a dehydrogenation portion and an oxide-ion conducting portion for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form an oxide.
摘要翻译： 从烃燃料源形成富氢气体的方法，其中烃燃料在不低于约400℃的温度下接触包含脱氢部分和氧化物离子传导部分的两部分催化剂一段时间 足以产生富含氢气的气体，同时保持CO含量小于约5体积％。 还公开了一种从乙烷形成部分氧化的烃的方法，其中乙烷气体接触包含脱氢部分和氧化物离子传导部分的两部分催化剂一段时间并在足以形成氧化物的温度下进行。
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公开(公告)号：US06303098B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-16
申请号：US09382737
申请日：1999-08-24
申请人： Kurt W. Kramarz , Ira D. Bloom , Romesh Kumar , Shabbir Ahmed , Rolf Wilkenhoener , Michael Krumpelt
发明人： Kurt W. Kramarz , Ira D. Bloom , Romesh Kumar , Shabbir Ahmed , Rolf Wilkenhoener , Michael Krumpelt
IPC分类号： C01B316
CPC分类号： B01J35/0006 , C01B3/386 , C01B3/40 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/1047 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1619 , C04B35/453 , C04B35/486 , C04B35/495 , C04B35/50 , H01M8/0612 , Y02P20/52
摘要： A method of forming a hydrogen rich gas from a source of hydrocarbon fuel. A vapor of the hydrocarbon fuel and steam is brought in contact with a two-part catalyst having a dehydrogenation powder portion and an oxide-ion conducting powder portion at a temperature not less than about 770°C. for a time sufficient to generate the hydrogen rich. The H2 content of the hydrogen gas is greater than about 70 percent by volume. The dehydrogenation portion of the catalyst includes a group VIII metal, and the oxide-ion conducting portion is selected from a ceramic oxide from the group crystallizing in the fluorite or perovskite structure and mixtures thereof. The oxide-ion conducting portion of the catalyst is a ceramic powder of one or more of ZrO2, CeO2, Bi2O3, (BiVO)4, and LaGaO3.
摘要翻译： 从碳氢燃料源形成富氢气体的方法。 在不低于约770℃的温度下使烃燃料和蒸汽的蒸气与具有脱氢粉末部分和氧化物离子传导粉末部分的两部分催化剂接触。 足以产生富氢的时间。 氢气的H 2含量大于约70体积％。 催化剂的脱氢部分包括VIII族金属，氧化物离子传导部分选自以萤石或钙钛矿结构结晶的基团的陶瓷氧化物及其混合物。 催化剂的氧化物离子传导部分是ZrO 2，CeO 2，Bi 2 O 3，（BiVO）4和LaGaO 3中的一种或多种的陶瓷粉末。
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公开(公告)号：US6110861A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US867556
申请日：1997-06-02
申请人： Michael Krumpelt , Shabbir Ahmed , Romesh Kumar , Rajiv Doshi
发明人： Michael Krumpelt , Shabbir Ahmed , Romesh Kumar , Rajiv Doshi
IPC分类号： B01J23/63 , B01J35/00 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/40 , C04B35/453 , C04B35/486 , C04B35/495 , C04B35/50 , H01M8/06 , B01J23/40 , C04B35/48 , G01N27/26 , H01M4/86
CPC分类号： H01M8/0612 , B01J35/0006 , C01B3/386 , C01B3/40 , C04B35/453 , C04B35/486 , C04B35/495 , C04B35/50 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/1047 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1619 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A two-part catalyst comprising a dehydrogenation portion and an oxide-ion conducting portion. The dehydrogenation portion is a group VIII metal and the oxide-ion conducting portion is selected from a ceramic oxide crystallizing in the fluorite or perovskite structure. There is also disclosed a method of forming a hydrogen rich gas from a source of hydrocarbon fuel in which the hydrocarbon fuel contacts a two-part catalyst comprising a dehydrogenation portion and an oxide-ion conducting portion at a temperature not less than about 400.degree. C. for a time sufficient to generate the hydrogen rich gas while maintaining CO content less than about 5 volume percent. There is also disclosed a method of forming partially oxidized hydrocarbons from ethanes in which ethane gas contacts a two-part catalyst comprising a dehydrogenation portion and an oxide-ion conducting portion for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form an oxide.
摘要翻译： 包含脱氢部分和氧化物离子传导部分的两部分催化剂。 脱氢部分是VIII族金属，氧化物离子传导部分选自以萤石或钙钛矿结构结晶的陶瓷氧化物。 还公开了一种从烃燃料源形成富氢气体的方法，其中烃燃料在不低于约400℃的温度下与包含脱氢部分和氧化物离子传导部分的两部分催化剂接触 足以产生富氢气体同时保持CO含量小于约5体积％的时间。 还公开了一种从乙烷形成部分氧化的烃的方法，其中乙烷气体接触包含脱氢部分和氧化物离子传导部分的两部分催化剂一段时间并在足以形成氧化物的温度下进行。
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公开(公告)号：US5942346A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-24
申请号：US110373
申请日：1998-07-06
申请人： Shabbir Ahmed , Romesh Kumar , Michael Krumpelt
发明人： Shabbir Ahmed , Romesh Kumar , Michael Krumpelt
CPC分类号： B60L11/1892 , B01J19/10 , B01J19/2415 , B01J19/26 , B01J23/80 , B01J8/065 , B60L11/1881 , B60L11/1894 , C01B3/323 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0631 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00069 , B01J2219/00132 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/00186 , H01M2250/20 , Y02P20/52 , Y02T90/32 , Y02T90/34
摘要： A partial oxidation reformer comprising a longitudinally extending chamber having a methanol, water and an air inlet and an outlet. An igniter mechanism is near the inlets for igniting a mixture of methanol and air, while a partial oxidation catalyst in the chamber is spaced from the inlets and converts methanol and oxygen to carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Controlling the oxygen to methanol mole ratio provides continuous slightly exothermic partial oxidation reactions of methanol and air producing hydrogen gas. The liquid is preferably injected in droplets having diameters less than 100 micrometers. The reformer is useful in a propulsion system for a vehicle which supplies a hydrogen-containing gas to the negative electrode of a fuel cell.
摘要翻译： 一种部分氧化重整器，其包括具有甲醇，水和空气入口以及出口的纵向延伸室。 点火器机构靠近用于点燃甲醇和空气的混合物的入口，而室中的部分氧化催化剂与入口间隔开并将甲醇和氧转化为二氧化碳和氢气。 控制氧气与甲醇的摩尔比提供甲醇和产生氢气的空气的连续轻微的放热部分氧化反应。 液体优选以直径小于100微米的液滴注入。 重整器可用于向燃料电池的负极供给含氢气体的车辆的推进系统。
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公开(公告)号：US5939025A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-17
申请号：US518541
申请日：1995-08-23
申请人： Shabbir Ahmed , Romesh Kumar , Michael Krumpelt
发明人： Shabbir Ahmed , Romesh Kumar , Michael Krumpelt
IPC分类号： B01J8/06 , B01J19/10 , B01J19/24 , B01J19/26 , B01J23/80 , B60L11/18 , C01B3/32 , H01M8/06 , B01J8/04
CPC分类号： B60L11/1892 , B01J19/10 , B01J19/2415 , B01J19/26 , B01J23/80 , B01J8/065 , B60L11/1881 , B60L11/1894 , C01B3/323 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0631 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00069 , B01J2219/00132 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/00186 , H01M2250/20 , Y02P20/52 , Y02T90/32 , Y02T90/34
摘要： A partial oxidation reformer comprising a longitudinally extending chamber having a methanol, water and an air inlet and an outlet. An igniter mechanism is near the inlets for igniting a mixture of methanol and air, while a partial oxidation catalyst in the chamber is spaced from the inlets and converts methanol and oxygen to carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Controlling the oxygen to methanol mole ratio provides continuous slightly exothermic partial oxidation reactions of methanol and air producing hydrogen gas. The liquid is preferably injected in droplets having diameters less than 100 micrometers. The reformer is useful in a propulsion system for a vehicle which supplies a hydrogen-containing gas to the negative electrode of a fuel cell.
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公开(公告)号：US06244367B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-12
申请号：US09110425
申请日：1998-07-06
申请人： Shabbir Ahmed , Romesh Kumar , Michael Krumpelt
发明人： Shabbir Ahmed , Romesh Kumar , Michael Krumpelt
IPC分类号： B60K100
CPC分类号： B01J8/0285 , B01J8/025 , B60K1/04 , B60K15/10 , B60K17/356 , B60L11/1881 , B60L11/1892 , B60L11/1894 , C01B3/386 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/0445 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1076 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1223 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1619 , C01B2203/1676 , C01B2203/169 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0631 , Y02T90/34
摘要： A partial oxidation reformer comprising a longitudinally extending chamber having a methanol, water and an air inlet and an outlet. An igniter mechanism is near the inlets for igniting a mixture of methanol and air, while a partial oxidation catalyst in the chamber is spaced from the inlets and converts methanol and oxygen to carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Controlling the oxygen to methanol mole ratio provides continuous slightly exothermic partial oxidation reactions of methanol and air producing hydrogen gas. The liquid is preferably injected in droplets having diameters less than 100 micrometers. The reformer is useful in a propulsion system for a vehicle which supplies a hydrogen-containing gas to the negative electrode of a fuel cell.
摘要翻译： 一种部分氧化重整器，其包括具有甲醇，水和空气入口以及出口的纵向延伸室。 点火器机构靠近用于点燃甲醇和空气的混合物的入口，而室中的部分氧化催化剂与入口间隔开并将甲醇和氧转化为二氧化碳和氢气。 控制氧气与甲醇的摩尔比提供甲醇和产生氢气的空气的连续轻微的放热部分氧化反应。 液体优选以直径小于100微米的液滴注入。 重整器可用于向燃料电池的负极供给含氢气体的车辆的推进系统。
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公开(公告)号：US4942297A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-17
申请号：US273395
申请日：1988-11-18
CPC分类号： G01N15/0612 , G01N15/02 , G01N15/0625 , G01N21/552 , G01N2015/0046 , G01N2015/0261
摘要： Apparatus for analyzing aerosols in essentially real time includes a virtual impactor which separates coarse particles from fine and ultrafine particles in an aerosol sample. The coarse and ultrafine particles are captured in PTFE filters, and the fine particles impact onto an internal light reflection element. The composition and quantity of the particles on the PTFE filter and on the internal reflection element are measured by alternately passing infrared light through the filter and the internal light reflection element, and analyzing the light through infrared spectrophotometry to identify the particles in the sample.
摘要翻译： 用于基本上实时分析气溶胶的装置包括将粗颗粒与气溶胶样品中的细微粒子和超细颗粒分离的虚拟冲击器。 粗粉和超细颗粒被捕获在PTFE过滤器中，细颗粒撞击内部光反射元件。 通过将红外光交替地通过过滤器和内部光反射元件来测量PTFE过滤器和内部反射元件上的颗粒的组成和数量，并通过红外分光光度法分析光以鉴定样品中的颗粒。
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