摘要:
A flash memory cell programming system and method that facilitate efficient and quick operation of a flash memory cell by providing a biasable well (e.g., substrate) is presented. The biasable well flash memory cell enables increases in electrical field strengths in a manner that eases resistance to charge penetration of a dielectric barrier (e.g., oxide) around a charge trapping region (e.g., a floating gate). The present biasable well system and method also create a self convergence point that increase control during programming operations and reduces the chances of excessive correction for over erased memory cells. The biasing can assist hard programming to store information and/or soft programming to correct the effects of over-erasing. The biasing can also reduce stress on a drain voltage pump, reduce leakage current and reduce programming durations. Some implementations also include a biasable control gate component, biasable source component and biasable drain component.
摘要:
A source resistor or a positive voltage is coupled to the source and a negative bias voltage is applied at the substrate or p-well of flash memory cells for enhanced efficiency during programming and/or during an APDE (Automatic Program Disturb after Erase) process for a flash memory device. Furthermore, in a system and method for programming the flash memory device, a flash memory cell of the array of multiple flash memory cells is selected to be programmed. A control gate programming voltage is applied to the control gate of the selected flash memory cell, and a bit line programming voltage is applied to the drain of the selected flash memory cell via the common bit line terminal to which the drain of the selected flash memory cell is connected.
摘要:
Methods of programming and soft programming short channel NOR flash memory cells that reduce the programming currents and column leakages during both programming and soft programming while maintaining fast programming speeds. During programming, a voltage of between 7 and 10 volts is applied to the control gate, a voltage of between 4 and 6 volts; is applied to the drain, a voltage of between 0.5 and 2.0 volts is applied to the source and a voltage of between minus 2 and minus 0.5 volts is applied to the substrate of the selected cell to be programmed. During soft programming, a voltage of between 0.5 and 4.5 volts is applied to the control gates, between 4 and 5.5 volts is applied to the drains, between 0.5 and 2 volts is applied to the sources and between minus 2.0 and minus 0.5 volts is applied to the substrates of the memory cells.
摘要:
A flash memory cell and a method of forming the same are described. The flash memory cell may include a substrate having a source and a drain, a gate element, and a dielectric layer between the substrate and the gate element. The dielectric layer includes a dielectric material having a dielectric constant that is greater than that of silicon dioxide.
摘要:
There is disclosed medical apparatus of the type for use in surgery such as transanal endoscopic microsurgery, as well as methods of providing access to, inspecting and enabling surgery within a body passage. In one embodiment of the invention, medical apparatus in the form of a rectal expander (10) is disclosed, the expander (10) being adapted for location at least partly within a body passage such as the rectum (12) of a patient (14), the expander (10) having a leading end (18) and an access area in the form of an opening (20) for access from the expander (10) into the rectum (12), at least part of the opening (20) being spaced from the leading end (18), and the expander (10) being controllably movable between collapse and expansion positions, for expanding the rectum (12).
摘要:
The present invention concerns an actuator for an implantable hearing aid for implantation into the human middle ear. The actuator comprises a substantially elongate piezoelectric component (34, 36) having first and second operating end faces (41, 43), said end faces extending substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the piezoelectric component. Also there is provided a frame component comprising at least one flextensional amplifier element (32), the flextensional amplifier element being integral with and connecting first and second frame end portions (42, 44), the first and second frame end portions also extending substantially at right angles to longitudinal axis of the piezoelectric component when fitted thereto, whereby the first and second end portions are in contact with the piezoelectric component end faces.
摘要:
The present invention discloses novel aromatic ketone compounds with functional substitution groups at para- or meta positions which can be used as photo-initiators or effective components of photo-initiator mixtures for the photopolymerizations of ethylenically unsaturated systems. The preparation of these compounds is also disclosed.
摘要:
Embodiments of the present invention disclose a memory device having an array of flash memory cells with source contacts that facilitate straight word lines, and a method for producing the same. The array is comprised of a plurality of non-intersecting shallow trench isolation (STI) regions that isolate a plurality of memory cell columns. A source column is implanted with n-type dopants after the formation of a tunnel oxide layer and a first polysilicon layer. The implanted source column is coupled to a plurality of common source lines that are coupled to a plurality of source regions associated with memory cells in the array. A source contact is coupled to the implanted source column for providing electrical coupling with the plurality of source regions. The source contact is collinear with a row of drain contacts that are coupled to drain regions associated with a row of memory cells. The arrangement of source contacts collinear with the row of drain contacts allows for straight word line formation.
摘要:
The present invention relates to tunable capacitors, devices including tunable capacitors, and methods of making and using tunable capacitors and devices. One or more secondary tunable capacitors can be connected to a primary capacitor by printing a connector conducting layer or feature to obtain a desired net capacitance. Digitally printing the connector conducting layer allows the number of secondary capacitors connected into the circuit to be determined during the integrated circuit fabrication process, without the need for individual masks connecting the appropriate number of secondary capacitors. This provides an in-process or post-process trimming method to obtain the desired precision and accuracy for capacitors. Various sizes and combinations of secondary capacitors can be connected to obtain high precision capacitors and/or improved matching of capacitance values.
摘要:
Circuits and circuit elements configured to generate a random delay, a monostable oscillator, circuits configured to broadcasting repetitive messages wireless systems, and methods for forming such circuits, devices, and systems are disclosed. The present invention advantageously provides relatively low cost delay generating circuitry based on TFT technology in wireless electronics applications, particularly in RFID applications. Such novel, technically simplified, low cost TFT-based delay generating circuitry enables novel wireless circuits, devices and systems, and methods for producing such circuits, devices and systems.