摘要:
An electrophotographic image forming apparatus, comprises an electrophotographic photoreceptor; an image forming section for forming a toner image on a surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor; an intermediate transfer member; a first transferring section for transferring the toner image formed on the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor to a surface of the intermediate transfer member; and a second transferring section for transferring the toner image transferred on the surface the intermediate transfer member to a recording medium; wherein the electrophotographic photoreceptor comprises a surface layer forming the surface thereof and containing particles having a number average primary particle diameter of 1 to 300 nm and the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor has a hardness of 200 to 350 N/mm2 in universal hardness which is lower than the hardness in universal hardness of the surface of the intermediate transfer member.
摘要:
An electrophotographic image forming apparatus, comprises an electrophotographic photoreceptor; an image forming section for forming a toner image on a surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor; an intermediate transfer member; a first transferring section for transferring the toner image formed on the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor to a surface of the intermediate transfer member; and a second transferring section for transferring the toner image transferred on the surface the intermediate transfer member to a recording medium; wherein the electrophotographic photoreceptor comprises a surface layer forming the surface thereof and containing particles having a number average primary particle diameter of 1 to 300 nm and the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor has a hardness of 200 to 350 N/mm2 in universal hardness which is lower than the hardness in universal hardness of the surface of the intermediate transfer member.
摘要翻译:电子照相图像形成装置,包括电子照相感光体; 图像形成部分,用于在电子照相感光体的表面上形成调色剂图像; 中间转印部件; 用于将形成在电子照相感光体的表面上的调色剂图像转印到中间转印部件的表面的第一转印部分; 以及第二转印部分,用于将在中间转印部件的表面上转印的调色剂图像转印到记录介质上; 其中电子照相感光体包括形成其表面的表面层,并含有数均一次粒径为1〜300nm的粒子,电子照相感光体的表面的硬度为200〜350N / mm 2,通用硬度较低 比中间转印部件表面的通用硬度硬度高。
摘要:
The present invention is to provide a reactor core that allows a nuclear plant to continuously operate for a long term period, for example 15 years or longer, without requiring any fuel exchange, reduces the duration and number of maintenance steps involved in regular plant inspections, markedly improves plant availability and economic efficiency, and is effective in terms of nuclear nonproliferation.A plurality of fuel assemblies 103, themselves obtained by arranging fuel rods 100 and water rods 107 in square lattices, are arranged in a square lattice at a certain pitch. The blades 102a of a cross-shaped (cruciform) control rod 102 in a cross section are inserted into four adjacent spaces formed by four fuel assemblies 100 facing each other. A value of 0.06 cm−1 or greater is selected for the ratio (B/S) of the width (B) of each blade on the cruciform control rod 102 and the surface (S) of the fuel lattice defined by the surface area of a square whose side is equal to the pitch between the fuel assemblies 103.
摘要:
The present invention provides an optical waveguide device having a bottom cladding layer, a core and a top cladding layer, wherein a first submerge-preventing silica-based layer is further provided over the bottom cladding layer and under the core, and the first submerge-preventing silica-based layer is doped with at least one dopant and the first submerge-preventing silica-based layer is higher in softening temperature than the top cladding layer.
摘要:
An optical coupling device has an optical wave-guide varied in difference in specific refractive index between a clad layer and a core layer, and the optical wave-guide serves as a convergent/divergent spot size converter; since reduction in cross section of the core layer is not required for the convergent/divergent spot size converter so that the optical coupling device is produced at a high production yield.
摘要:
The present invention provides a boiling water reactor nuclear power plant in which a reactor core support plate, upper grid plate, and a reactor core consisting of fuel assemblies supported by these plates are provided in the inner base portion of a nuclear reactor pressure vessel. Control rod guide tubes and a reactor core shroud are positioned over the upper grid plate, and a control rod drive mechanism is provided further above same, whereby the control rods can be inserted from above the reactor core, and natural circulation of cooling water inside the reactor can be achieved by means of a chimney effect of the control rod guide tubes. According to the above structure, there can be provided a compact and economical nuclear power plant.
摘要:
In a method for manufacturing an optical waveguide, a core layer is formed on a clad layer, and a stepped portion in formed in the core layer. Then, a planar layer is formed on the core layer so that the planar layer completely covers the stepped portion of the core layer. Finally, the planar layer and the core layer are etched, so that the planar layer is completely removed and the core layer is converted into a tapered core layer.
摘要:
An optical waveguide circuit comprising a plurality of first cores (203) arranged at intervals widening as they are away from the branch point or the joining point of optical signal, a clad (205) filling at least these first cores, and second cores (204) provided between the first cores and the clad and formed in the gap between the first cores in the vicinity of the branch point or the joining point while covering the first cores at least partially. Refractive index of the second core is larger than that of the clad, the boundary between the second core and the clad is smooth and the film thickness of the second core formed in the gap between the first cores is decreased as the interval of the plurality of first cores widens.
摘要:
A microchip includes a clad layer having a channel through which a sample flows, and an optical waveguide formed within the clad layer and having a higher refractive index than the clad layer. The optical waveguide is formed to act on the channel optically. Thus, the sample flowing in the channel can be analyzed with high accuracy even in the microchip having a fine structure.
摘要:
Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a substrate and provided thereon, a photosensitive layer comprising a charge generation material, a triarylamine charge transport material, and a compound represented by Formula 1: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a secondary or tertiary alkyl group; R.sub.2 represents a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or an alkoxyl group; n represents an integer of 0 to 3, and Ar represents an aryl group.